An electrical connector has an upper terminal module, a lower terminal module, and a septum between the upper and the lower terminal modules. The upper terminal module includes an upper block and multiple upper conductive terminals partially covered by the upper block and partially exposed. The lower terminal module includes a lower block and multiple lower conductive terminals partially covered by the lower block and partially exposed. The septum is located between the upper and the lower terminal modules; among them, more than one upper conductive terminal and more than one lower conductive terminal are used for grounding, and are in electrical contact with the septum. The grounding structure design can eliminate resonance to optimize high-frequency characteristics.

A protective earthing contact for connecting a protective earth line with an electrically conductive carrier element in an the electrically conducting manner, wherein the protective earthing contact has a base portion, wherein two side elements project from the base portion and a respective side element has an upper region, wherein the upper regions have a latching region for clamping the protective earthing contact onto the carrier element and wherein at least one side element has a protective earth contact element for making contact to the carrier element in an electrically conducting manner. Each of the upper regions has a contact-making region, wherein the latching region and the protective earth contact element are substantially arranged at the same height in relation to the base portion.

A safety ground terminal apparatus can include a ground terminal operable to switch between a common ground connection or a isolated ground connection, wherein the ground terminal comprises a hinge point that is connectable to a base of a housing via a rail in an arrangement that allows for a disconnection from the common ground connection when the isolated ground connection is required and without compromising electrical contact. The ground terminal can provide a watertight ground connection irrespective of the type of ground connection requirement. The common ground connection or the isolated ground connection can be achieved without any additional parts assembled.

A number of low voltage vacuum tube circuits include using supply voltages well below the manufacturer's recommended voltages applied to the plate or screen grid. Some of the tube circuits operate at near zero plate and or screen grid voltages. Other low voltage circuits have forward biasing on one or more grids that are normally biased at a non positive voltage or a grid that is normally connected a cathode. Substantially lower supply voltages allow for example, the filament supply to also supply voltage to the plate and or grid for providing an output signal at a grid and or a plate.

Trace wire connectors that include a cover that can be attached to a base and used to electrically interconnect two or more tracer wires without having to remove insulation from the tracer wires. The cover has multiple portals that permit one or more tracer wires to pass into an inner cavity of the cover. The base has multiple cradles on which tracer wires passing into the cavity can rest. The cover can be oriented relative to the base for use with a through tracer wire and a dead-end tracer wire, or for use with multiple dead-end tracer wires.

A mechanical grounding clamp including a body, having an upper plate defining a threaded hole therethrough and having an outer surface, a lower plate spaced apart from the upper plate and having an inner surface, and a connecting plate connecting the upper plate to the lower plate, a fastener mateable with the threaded hole in the upper plate and having a proximal end and a distal end, the distal end extendable through the threaded hole of the upper plate and toward the inner surface of the lower plate. There may be a nut on the fastener for driving toward the upper plate to secure a grounding conductor to the body.

A ground shield includes a plurality of contact members configured to contact the ground contacts of a column of contacts of an electrical connector, so as to electrically common the grounds to each other.

A terminal block including an electric wire, a shield material, a terminal, a housing and a shield bracket. The shield material is configured to cover at least a part of the electric wire. The electric wire is connected to the terminal. The housing is configured to accommodate the terminal. The shield bracket is fixed to the housing. The shield bracket is configured to hold the shield material, and includes a folding portion. The folding portion is configured to hold an end of the shield material by sandwiching the end of the shield material. The folding portion has a notch hole.

A safety ground terminal apparatus can include a ground terminal operable to switch between a common ground connection or a isolated ground connection, wherein the ground terminal comprises a hinge point that is connectable to a base of a housing via a rail in an arrangement that allows for a disconnection from the common ground connection when the isolated ground connection is required and without compromising electrical contact. The ground terminal can provide a watertight ground connection irrespective of the type of ground connection requirement. The common ground connection or the isolated ground connection can be achieved without any additional parts assembled.

Trace wire connectors that include a cover that can be attached to a base and used to electrically interconnect two or more tracer wires without having to remove insulation from the tracer wires. The cover has multiple portals that permit one or more tracer wires to pass into an inner cavity of the cover. The base has multiple cradles on which tracer wires passing into the cavity can rest. The cover can be oriented relative to the base for use with a through tracer wire and a dead-end tracer wire, or for use with multiple dead-end tracer wires.