Near-infrared pulses are emitted from a pulsed light source. A scanner directs the near-infrared pulses as scanned light. An optical element directs the scanned light into the eye. The scanned light is scanned in two dimensions to form an image on the eye. Photon-pairs of the near-infrared pulses deliver a photon energy that is perceived as visible light.

One or more embodiments relates to a system for simultaneously detecting vibration and the presence of a target gas having a tunable fiber ring laser in electronic and optical communication with a vibration sensor and a gas detection sensor. One or more embodiments relate to a method for simultaneously measuring vibration and detecting the presence of a target gas in an environment having the steps of providing a system for simultaneously measuring vibration and detecting a target gas into an environment; sending an optical signal to a vibration sensor and gas detection sensor; and collecting and analyzing modified signals from the vibration sensor and gas detection sensor.

Systems and methods for temporal amplitude modulation of an optical beam. An exemplary system may include a birefringent fiber positioned between two polarizers, or between a polarized input light source and an output polarizer. Light may enter the birefringent fiber as linearly polarized. Depending on birefringence and orientation of the birefringent fiber, the polarization state changes as the light propagates through the birefringent fiber. This changed polarization state then enters the output polarizer, for which transmission is a function of the polarization state and the relative orientation of the polarization axis. The polarization state emerging from the birefringent fiber may be changed by modulating the fiber birefringence, for example through application of an external stress. Net transmittance of the system may be varied according to a magnitude of an external force (e.g., pressure) to some or all of the birefringent fiber.

A frequency swept laser source for TEFD-OCT imaging includes an integrated clock subsystem on the optical bench with the laser source. The clock subsystem generates frequency clock signals as the optical signal is tuned over the scan band. Preferably the laser source further includes a cavity extender in its optical cavity between a tunable filter and gain medium to increase an optical distance between the tunable filter and the gain medium in order to control the location of laser intensity pattern noise. The laser also includes a fiber stub that allows for control over the cavity length while also controlling birefringence in the cavity.

Examples of robust self-starting passively mode locked fiber oscillators are described. In certain implementations, the oscillators are configured as Fabry-Perot cavities containing an optical loop mirror on one cavity end and a bulk mirror or saturable absorber on the other end. The loop mirror can be further configured with an adjustable line phase delay to optimize modelocking. All intra-cavity fiber(s) can be polarization maintaining. Dispersion compensation components such as, e.g., dispersion compensation fibers, bulk diffraction gratings or fiber Bragg gratings may be included. The oscillators may include a bandpass filter to obtain high pulse energies when operating in the similariton regime. The oscillator output can be amplified and used whenever high power short pulses are required. For example the oscillators can be configured as frequency comb sources or supercontinuum sources. In conjunction with repetition rate modulation, applications include dual scanning delay lines and trace gas detection.

A laser system connectable to an exposure apparatus includes a spectrometer configured to acquire a measurement waveform from an interference pattern of laser light output from the laser system, and a processor configured to calculate a convolution spectrum waveform using the measurement waveform and a first intermediate function obtained through a process of deconvolution of an aerial image function of the exposure apparatus with an instrument function of the spectrometer.

A radiation field generating system comprising an optical unit with an optical assembly which defines an optical path is provided, wherein the optical unit is operable in several different operation conditions and the optical assembly comprises at least one optical switching component with which switching between at least two different operation conditions of the several operation conditions can be performed.

A beam quality control device includes an optical fiber, a stress-applying portion, and a temperature controller. The optical fiber has a core and a cladding that surrounds an outer peripheral surface of the core. The stress-applying portion is in surface-contact with at least a portion of an outer peripheral surface of the optical fiber. The stress-applying portion has a coefficient of thermal expansion of the stress-applying portion that is different from a coefficient of thermal expansion of the cladding. The temperature controller controls a temperature of the stress-applying portion. The stress-applying portion contracts or expands due to the temperature being changed by the temperature controller such that a distribution of external force applied by the stress-applying portion to the cladding becomes non-uniform in a peripheral direction of the cladding.

Disclosed is a multimode interference effect-based wide tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser device. The laser device comprises a high-reflectivity chirped optical fiber grating, a high-gain optical fiber, a low-reflectivity chirped optical fiber grating, a pump source, an optical circulator, an optical fiber etalon and an SMS optical fiber structure apparatus. The high-reflectivity chirped optical fiber grating, the high-gain optical fiber and the low-reflectivity chirped optical fiber grating are connected in sequence to form a short linear resonant cavity; the optical circulator, the optical fiber etalon and the SMS optical fiber structure apparatus form a ring cavity, a stress loader is fixed onto the SMS optical fiber structure apparatus, and a transmitting wavelength of the SMS optical fiber structure apparatus is changed and tunable filtering by the SMS optical fiber structure apparatus is realized by loading stress to the SMS optical fiber structure apparatus.

A combination of microvalves and waveguides may enable the creation of reconfigurable on-chip light sources compatible with planar sample preparation and particle sensing architecture using either single-mode or multi-mode interference (MMI) waveguides. A first type of light source is a DFB laser source with lateral gratings created by the light valves. Moreover, feedback for creating a narrowband light source does not have to be a DFB grating in the active region. A DBR configuration (Bragg mirrors on one or both ends of the active region) or simple mirrors at the end of the cavity can also be used. Alternately, ring resonators may be created using a valve coupled to a bus waveguide where the active gain medium is either incorporated in the ring or inside an enclosed fluid. The active light source may be activated by moving a fluid trap and/or a solid-core optical component defining its active region.