A first calculation unit calculates an acceleration factor of lifetime consumption of the light source with as case of a standard temperature and standard drive condition as a reference, a second calculation unit calculates a whole lifetime or remaining lifetime of individual light sources relative to a performance index of the individual light sources or a change rate of the performance index, a computation unit obtains an effective cumulative driving time at which the magnitude of influence imparted on the lifetime is equivalent with a case of driving at the standard temperature and standard drive condition, by calculating a time integral of the acceleration factor, and a recording unit records the effective cumulative driving time and the whole lifetime or remaining lifetime together with an optical output characteristic of the light source.

A transmitting unit of a LIDAR device includes at least two radiation sources for generating and emitting punctiform or linear electromagnetic beams into a scanning range, at least one of the radiation sources including an operating temperature settable as a function of an emission angle of the electromagnetic beams generated by the at least one radiation source. The different operating temperatures can generate beams having angle-dependent emission wavelengths, which can result in an improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio of a LIDAR device.

The present disclosure discloses a regulator circuit and regulator system for a tunable laser, the regulator circuit for the tunable laser includes a control module, a digital-to-analog conversion module and a semiconductor temperature regulation module; after the regulator circuit for the tunable laser is powered on, the control module is configured to send a control signal to the digital-to-analog conversion module, the digital-to-analog conversion module is configured to convert the control signal into an analog voltage signal and send the analog voltage signal to the semiconductor temperature regulation module, the semiconductor temperature regulation module is configured to cool or heat the tunable laser according to the received analog voltage signal.

A device comprises three elements, realized as photonic integrated circuits. The first element comprises a tunable semiconductor laser emitting light at a laser output wavelength. The second element comprises a wavelength selective element, coupled to the first element. The third element comprises N photodetectors where N>=2, coupled to the second element. Light coupled into the second element from the first element is de-multiplexed by the wavelength selective element such that a ratio of light power coupled from the second element into one of the N photodetectors to light power coupled from the second element into another one of the N photodetectors is a function of the laser output wavelength. The responses of the N photodetectors facilitate at least one of measurement and control of the laser output wavelength.

An apparatus and method for calculating the frequency of the light.

A laser apparatus may include: a quantum cascade laser outputting, based on a supplied current, laser light at an oscillation start timing when a first delay time elapses from a current rising timing of the supplied current: an amplifier disposed in a laser light optical path, and selectively amplifying light of a predetermined wavelength to output the amplified laser light to a chamber including a plasma generation region into which a target is fed; and a laser controller controlling a third delay time, from an output timing of a laser output instruction to the current rising timing, to cause a laser light wavelength to be equal to the predetermined wavelength at an aimed timing when a second delay time elapses from the oscillation start timing, based on oscillation parameters including the first delay time, a supplied current waveform, and a device temperature of the quantum cascade laser.

Described herein is a fiber laser coupler, comprising a fiber laser cable enclosed in a housing, the housing includes a circuit and a temperature sensitive variable resistance element (TSVRE) coupled to the circuit, wherein the TSVRE is in thermal contact with one or more locations within the housing and is configured to provide a resistance in the circuit associated with a temperature of the TSVRE, wherein the circuit is further configured to couple to a processor configured to determine a temperature of the TSVRE based on reading the resistance in the circuit.

A semiconductor laser module that includes a package accommodating therein a plurality of optical components, includes: a semiconductor laser device that emits laser light toward one end side in the package; an optical fiber having an incident end of the laser light on another end side in the package, the another end being in an opposite direction of an emission direction in which the semiconductor laser device emits the laser light; and a turn-back unit that turns back the laser light toward the another end side in the package, the another end being in the opposite direction of the emission direction in which the semiconductor laser device emits the laser light, and outputs the laser light to the incident end of the optical fiber.

A flexible substrate includes: an insulating base member; a plurality of lands formed aligned in a plurality of lines in a first direction on the base member; and a plurality of wirings formed on the base member, extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and connected to the plurality of lands on each line of the plurality of lines, wherein the plurality of wirings include a wiring extending between the lands aligned in the first direction, and wherein each of the plurality of lands has a planar shape longer in the second direction.

A multi-channel laser source, including: a bus waveguide coupled, at an output end of the bus waveguide, to an output of the multi-channel laser source; a first semiconductor optical amplifier; a first back mirror; a first wavelength-dependent coupler, having a first resonant wavelength, on the bus waveguide; a second semiconductor optical amplifier; a second back mirror; and a second wavelength-dependent coupler, on the bus waveguide, having a second resonant wavelength, different from the first resonant wavelength. In some embodiments the first semiconductor optical amplifier is coupled to the bus waveguide by the first wavelength-dependent coupler, which is nearer to the output end of the bus waveguide than the second wavelength-dependent coupler, the second semiconductor optical amplifier is coupled to the bus waveguide by the second wavelength-dependent coupler, and the first wavelength-dependent coupler is configured to transmit light, at the second resonant wavelength, along the bus waveguide.