A protection relay device includes a housing and a fuse unit. The fuse unit includes a connection conductor, an input conductor connected to the connection conductor and receiving an external power, a fuse connected to the connection conductor, and an external device connection conductor connected to the fuse on a side opposite to the input conductor, and to which an external device is connected. A short-circuit induction conductor is provided on at least one of the input conductor on a side opposite to the fuse and the flapper portion, the short-circuit induction conductor protruding toward the other of the input conductor and the flapper portion.

A protection relay device includes a housing and a fuse unit. The fuse unit includes a connection conductor, an input conductor connected to the connection conductor and receiving an external power, a fuse connected to the connection conductor, and an external device connection conductor connected to the fuse on a side opposite to the input conductor, and to which an external device is connected. A short-circuit induction conductor is provided on at least one of the input conductor on a side opposite to the fuse and the flapper portion, the short-circuit induction conductor protruding toward the other of the input conductor and the flapper portion.

An AC/DC converter includes an AC circuit breaker, configured as a hybrid circuit or semiconductor circuit breaker; a rectifier; a smoothing capacitor; a semiconductor switch connected in series with the smoothing capacitor; and a first isolation relay for galvanic isolation. One input of the AC circuit breaker forms an AC input of the converter. One output of the AC circuit breaker is connected with an input of the rectifier. The smoothing capacitor, and the first semiconductor switch, connect a first output of the rectifier with its second output. The first output of the rectifier is connected with one input of the first isolation relay. The one output of the first isolation relay forms a first DC output of the AC/DC converter. The AC circuit breaker, the first semiconductor switch, and the first isolation relay are interconnected.

The invention discloses an overcurrent protection circuit, coupled to a DC bus between first and second DC ends, the DC bus including positive bus and negative bus, and the circuit including: a main protection branch connected in series with the positive or negative bus, and including first and second protection switches connected in series and connected to a first node; a freewheeling switch branch having two ends, one end being connected to the first node, the other end being connected to an opposite bus to the main protection branch; a detection unit coupled to the DC bus for detecting a voltage or a current of the DC bus to output an overcurrent detection signal; and a control unit coupled to the detection unit and the main protection branch, and configured to control the main protection branch according to the overcurrent detection signal.

The invention discloses an overcurrent protection circuit, coupled to a DC bus between first and second DC ends, the DC bus including positive bus and negative bus, and the circuit including: a main protection branch connected in series with the positive or negative bus, and including first and second protection switches connected in series and connected to a first node; a freewheeling switch branch having two ends, one end being connected to the first node, the other end being connected to an opposite bus to the main protection branch; a detection unit coupled to the DC bus for detecting a voltage or a current of the DC bus to output an overcurrent detection signal; and a control unit coupled to the detection unit and the main protection branch, and configured to control the main protection branch according to the overcurrent detection signal.

An apparatus comprises an energy transfer device configured to supply power from a primary side of an isolation barrier through the isolation barrier to a secondary side of the of the isolation barrier for driving a gate of a switch for controlling output of the switch at the secondary side. The apparatus comprises a monitoring component. The monitoring component is configured to monitor an operating state of the switch. The monitoring component is configured to evaluate the operating state to determine whether a fault has occurred, perform a countermeasure, and/or provide a signal of the fault.

An apparatus comprises an energy transfer device configured to supply power from a primary side of an isolation barrier through the isolation barrier to a secondary side of the of the isolation barrier for driving a gate of a switch for controlling output of the switch at the secondary side. The apparatus comprises a monitoring component. The monitoring component is configured to monitor an operating state of the switch. The monitoring component is configured to evaluate the operating state to determine whether a fault has occurred, perform a countermeasure, and/or provide a signal of the fault.

Embodiments of this present disclosure may include a system with a first power converter and a control system. The first power converter may supply a first output power to a first backplane at least sometimes concurrent to a second power converter supplying a second output power to a second backplane. The control system may be electrically coupled to the first backplane and the second backplane. The control system may balance a first electrical property and a second electrical property provided to each of one or more load components electrically coupled to the first backplane and the second backplane.

Embodiments of this present disclosure may include a system with a first power converter and a control system. The first power converter may supply a first output power to a first backplane at least sometimes concurrent to a second power converter supplying a second output power to a second backplane. The control system may be electrically coupled to the first backplane and the second backplane. The control system may balance a first electrical property and a second electrical property provided to each of one or more load components electrically coupled to the first backplane and the second backplane.

An under voltage protection circuit includes a secondary-side output module and a primary-side input module. The secondary-side output module includes: an under voltage determination unit, configured to compare a voltage of the secondary-side output module with a preset voltage, where a first control signal is outputted when the voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage; and a second control signal is outputted when the voltage is less than a preset voltage; and a pulse signal generation unit, configured to transmit a periodic first pulse signal according to the first control signal and a second pulse signal according to the second control signal, where a pulse width of the second pulse signal is greater than that of the first pulse signal. The primary-side input module is configured to determine a state of the secondary-side output module according to the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.