An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device includes a first clamping circuit, a second clamping circuit, and a diode circuit. The first clamping circuit is coupled between a first power rail and a second power rail. The second clamping circuit is coupled between a third power rail and the second power rail. The diode circuit is configured to steer an ESD current from an input/output pad to at least one of the first clamping circuit or the third power rail. The first power rail receives a first voltage, the second power rail receives a second voltage, the third power rail receives a third voltage, the third voltage is higher than the first voltage, and the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.

Disclosed are one or more preferred geometric configurations for a device communicably coupled to a power transmission line and capable of launching transverse electromagnetic waves onto the transmission line. The waves propagate data received from a data source and may include a reflector and a coupler adjacent to each other through a transverse magnetic wave that propagates longitudinally along the surface of the transmission line.

The invention relates to a surge protection device ensemble comprising a surge protection device having an overvoltage protection means in a first housing, wherein the first housing has at least two connections for contacting the overvoltage protection means, characterized in that the surge protection device ensemble also has a fuse module having a fuse in a second housing, wherein the second housing has at least two connections for contacting the fuse, characterized in that the second housing having one of the connections of the fuse module is inserted in a form-fitting manner into one connection of the at least two connections of the surge protection device, wherein the fuse module provides an electrical connection on the inserted side between the fuse module and the surge protection device.

In an embodiment, an apparatus includes a source device including a first current limiter and a second current limiter in parallel with each other and a first transformer and a second transformer; a load device includes a third transformer and a fourth transformer in parallel with each other; and an Ethernet cable is electrically coupled between the source device and the load device, the Ethernet cable including first twisted pair lines and second twisted pair lines. A direct current (DC) voltage is provided to the first current limiter and the second current limiter, the first transformer is electrically coupled to an output of the first current limiter, and the second transformer is electrically coupled to an output of the second current limiter. The DC voltage is transmitted to the third transformer and the fourth transformer in parallel with each other via the first twisted pair lines and the second twisted pair lines. The first twisted pair lines and second twisted pair lines are included in an Ethernet cable electrically coupled between the source device and the load device.

An interface protection circuit and a device interface are disclosed. The interface protection circuit includes a capacitor and a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) transistor. A first end of the capacitor is connected to a connection port, a second end of the capacitor is connected to a first end of the TVS transistor and an interface chip, and a second end of the TVS transistor is grounded.

A composite circuit protection device includes: a first positive temperature coefficient (PTC) component; a first voltage-dependent resistor (VOR); a second VOR; and a plurality of conductive leads that correspondingly connect to the first PTC component, the first VOR and the second VOR. The second VOR and the first PTC component are electrically connected in series, the first VOR and the second VOR are electrically connected in parallel, the first PTC component and the first VOR are electrically connected in parallel, and the first VOR has a varistor voltage greater than that of the second VOR as determined at 1 mA.

An electronic isolator device arranged for receiving field wiring from a field element includes a connector configured to receive a surge element for providing surge functionality to the electronic isolator device, and to provide surge protection to the connectivity by way of the field wiring. The connector is configured to connect the surge element to the electronic isolator device and to the field wiring. The connector is arranged for parallel connection of the surge element with respect to the field wiring such that the surge element can be connected and disconnected with the isolator device without disrupting the connection of the isolator device with the field elements.

Disclosed is a signal conductor formed as a metal oxide varistor (MOV), the MOV having a first MOV and a second MOV separated by an insulator. In some embodiments, the disclosed signal conductor may be used in a system communicably coupled to a power transmission distribution network, the system capable of launching transverse electromagnetic waves onto a transmission line, where the electromagnetic waves propagating a data signal conveyed to the system by the MOV.

A device includes a diode circuit. The diode circuit is coupled between a first input/output (I/O) pin and a second I/O pin of a circuit, and is configured to be turned off. The diode circuit is configured to provide a first discharging path for the first I/O pin of the circuit and a second discharging path for the second I/O pin of the circuit. The diode circuit includes a first transistor and a second transistor. The first transistor is between a node and the first I/O pin. The second transistor is between the node and the second I/O pin. The node is configured to receive a first voltage, and control terminals of the first transistor and the second transistor are configured to receive a second voltage. A voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is configured to turn off the first transistor and the second transistor.

An electronic device includes an input, an output, a metal fuse, a resistor, a heat control transistor, and a heat controller. The metal fuse is coupled between the input and the output. The resistor is coupled between the metal fuse and the heat control transistor. The heat control transistor is coupled between the resistor and a reference terminal of the electronic device, and the heat controller is configured to control a heater current of the heat control transistor.