In switching of a microgrid from an isolated operation to an interconnected operation with a power grid, a CEMS server determines a first master DER and slaves based on a master plan and performs master-slave control. When the first master DER goes down, the CEMS server compares remaining capacities of power-storage-type DERs included in a DER group. The CEMS server then determines a DER with the highest remaining capacity as a second master DER among the power-storage-type DERs included in the DER group and performs master-slave control.

A method includes collecting energy resource data for the specific geographic location over a predetermined time period, calculating power curves and matrices for at least two energy technologies based on the collected energy resource data, estimating the potential of generated electric power over time of the at least two energy technologies based on the calculated power curves and matrices, the time period, and the characteristic parameters of each of the at least two energy technologies, simulating different base load and power variations based on the estimation of the potential generated electric power and different distribution of the electric power generation of the at least two energy technologies, identifying an optimal distribution of the at least two energy technologies by analyzing the base load and power variations for each simulation, and choosing the distribution of the electric power generation with the highest base load and lowest power variation.

Aspects of the present invention relate to a method of controlling a hybrid power plant connected to a power network. The hybrid power plant comprises at least two types of renewable energy generator having an active power reserve for supplying additional active power. The method comprises, during a frequency event detected on the power network: determining an additional amount of active power to be provided to the power network to provide fast frequency response; calculating, based on a preset configuration and the active power reserve of the generators, a contribution from each of the at least two types of generator for supplying the additional amount of active power; and generating and dispatching active power requests to the generators for supplying the additional amount according to the calculated contributions.

A river, tidal, wave or ocean current turbine, a wind turbine or a solar panel harnesses an optimum value of renewable energy from variable water flow or wind flow or from electromagnetic energy from sunlight harnessed by photovoltaic conversion to electricity. A harnessing module comprising a propeller facing, for example, water or wind flow and a generator driven by the propeller, thus may harness variable electric power from water (or wind) renewable energy and may be preferably connected to feedforward electricity source and preferably a feedback variable electrical load to an electrical voltage regulator apparatus of a land module and to a motor generator set or voltage converter by a flexible electrical cable for receiving a variable rotational speed converted to variable electrical frequency, the voltage regulator automatically providing a predetermined minimum electrical power/voltage output at constant frequency to the motor generator set or a voltage converter and output at constant frequency to a constantly varying grid load. The variable electrical input from harnessing modules is delivered to the voltage regulator and converted to a constant electrical frequency by the motor generator set. In alternative embodiments, the voltage regulator is replaced by a voltage regulator in series with a servo motor and a variable voltage transformer and, in a third embodiment, the voltage regulator is replaced by a power converter.

A method tests the configuration of an aggregated DERs system using distributed asset managers in a decentralized hardware-in-the-loop (“HIL”) scheme. The managers contain the model of the asset they are meant to control. The method programs an asset manager with a model of a DERs asset. A plurality of asset managers are connected to a central controller. The plurality of asset managers are also connected to a simplified hardware-in-the-loop platform. The simplified HIL platform is configured to solve a network model, a load model, a non-controllable asset model, and a grid model. The method tests the DERs system control structure by using: (a) the simplified HIL platform to solve the network model, the load model, the non-controllable asset model, and the grid model, and (b) the asset manager to solve the model of the DERs asset, without any simulation between the central controller and the distributed asset managers.

A direct current power system. The direct current power system includes a direct current bus system, a solar power system, an energy storage system and a wind power system. The solar power system is configured to supply a first direct current power. The energy storage system has an input electrically coupled to the solar power system and is configured to supply a second direct current power at 380 volts to the direct current bus system. The wind power system includes is electrically coupled to the energy storage system and is configured to supply a third direct current power.

This invention relates to a surface finish manufacturing system and process and more particularly, but not exclusively, to a contrast surface finish manufacturing system and process for producing boards with a wood texture finish. The surface finish manufacturing system comprises a top layer and a bottom layer where part of the top layer is removed to expose part of the bottom layer.

A power management system includes a plurality of power adjustment resources electrically connected to a microgrid MG, and a CEMS server that manages the power adjustment resources. The CEMS server outputs a power adjustment request to a plurality of power adjustment resources when suppression of power consumption or consumption of surplus power is requested in the microgrid MG, and gives an incentive to the power adjustment resource that performs power adjustment in response to the power adjustment request among the power adjustment resources. The CEMS server increases the incentive more as a deviation of a second power amount adjusted by a responding resource with respect to a first power amount requested for adjustment by the power adjustment request is smaller.

A power management system includes a plurality of power adjustment resources electrically connected to a microgrid MG, and a CEMS server that manages the power adjustment resources. The CEMS server outputs a power adjustment request to the power adjustment resources when suppression of power consumption or consumption of surplus power in the microgrid MG is requested, and gives an incentive to a “responding resource” as the power adjustment resource that performs power adjustment in response to the power adjustment request among the power adjustment resources. The CEMS server increases the incentive more as a deviation of a time period during which the power adjustment is performed by the responding resource, with respect to a time period determined in the power adjustment request is smaller.

A process, system or method of multiple permanent magnet motor generators chained together through a rotating magnetic field powered primarily by rechargeable battery system. A permanent magnet motor generator prime mover will initiate the rotations of the individual permanent magnet motor generator positioned in parallel with each other in a magnetic field gap to form a rotating magnetic field chain and generate a much higher electricity output wattage. In another embodiment is a series of induction and or synchronous independently generators power plant powered by a combination of wind, solar, alternator and AC outlet battery chargers. Both embodiments use a multisource power system to charge batteries coming from wind, solar, alternators and AC grid outlet. The process produces a safe, cheap and zero carbon emission footprint at reduced cost for power plants and other industrial applications.