An object of the invention is to provide an electroporation method for treating vesicles with exogenous material for insertion of the exogenous material into the vesicles which includes the steps of: a. retaining a suspension of the vesicles and the exogenous material in a treatment volume in a chamber which includes electrodes, wherein the chamber has a geometric factor (cm.sup.−1) defined by the quotient of the electrode gap squared (cm.sup.2) divided by the chamber volume (cm.sup.3), wherein the geometric factor is less than or equal to 0.1 cm.sup.−1, wherein the suspension of the vesicles and the exogenous material is in a medium which is adjusted such that the medium has conductivity in a range spanning 50 microSiemens/cm to 500 microSiemens/cm, wherein the suspension is enclosed in the chamber during treatment, and b. treating the suspension enclosed in the chamber with one or more pulsed electric fields. With the method, the treatment volume of the suspension is scalable, and the time of treatment of the vesicles in the chamber is substantially uniform.

The rotary electric machine includes a motor unit, and an inverter unit having a power module, a field module, and a cooler. The cooler includes a heat transfer member having, on the one-side surface, a channel groove recessed toward the other side, a lid member, a sealing agent, and a coolant supply/discharge unit; and the lid member is fixed to the heat transfer member with a screw hole, a through hole, and a screw; and, at a position between the screw hole and the through hole, and the channel groove, a recess is provided on one or both of the one-side surface of the heat transfer member and the other-side surface of the lid member, and the sealing agent is applied on the side closer to the channel groove than the recess while no sealing agent is applied on the side closer to the screw hole than the recess.

A motor capable of increasing cogging torque is provided. A motor includes a shaft; a magnetic member including a core including an annular portion and a plurality of spokes and a coil; and a magnet, wherein one of the magnetic member and the magnet is disposed at an inner side of the other; an end portion of each of the spokes and the magnet oppose one another in radial directions nm; the core includes a pair of magnetic pole portions at the end portion of each of the spokes, the a pair of magnetic pole portions extending in both directions of circumferential directions xy; and of the pair of magnetic pole portions of at least one spoke from among the plurality of spokes, the magnetic pole portion at an x side has a larger magnetic resistance than the magnetic pole portion at a y side.

A motor includes a stator, a rotor and a case. The rotor includes a first rotor core, a second rotor core, and a field magnet. Each of the first rotor core and the second rotor core includes a core base and a plurality of claw poles. The field magnet is located between the core bases. The case includes a cylindrical yoke housing and a lid. To balance magnetic flux from the first rotor core with magnetic flux from the second rotor core, the distance between the rotor and the stator is varied from the distance between the rotor and the yoke housing or the teeth of the stator are shaped to enable magnetic saturation.

An electric motor may comprise a rotor and a stator comprising rotor and stator teeth, respectively. A non-uniform angular spacing or grouping of rotor teeth may facilitate desired rotational speeds of the rotor.

An electric motor may comprise a rotor and a stator comprising rotor and stator teeth, respectively. A non-uniform angular spacing or grouping of rotor teeth may facilitate desired rotational speeds of the rotor.

A three-suspension pole magnetic suspension sheet switched reluctance motor includes a stator and a rotor. The stator includes a motor stator iron core, a magnetic conductive bridge, and a permanent magnet ring. Three stator suspension teeth and three stator torque teeth are distributed at intervals on an inner periphery of the motor stator iron core. The stator torque teeth are respectively connected to the motor stator iron core. The stator torque teeth are axially distributed and have inverted U-shapes. The magnetic conductive bridge is connected to the motor stator iron core through the permanent magnet ring. The magnetic conductive bridge includes a magnetism collection ring protruding inwards into the rotor. Rotor teeth are distributed on an outer side of the rotor. An outer air gap is between the rotor tooth and the motor stator iron core. An inner air gap is between the rotor tooth and the magnetism collection ring.

An axial flux rotary electric machine including at least one stator and at least one rotor that are arranged along an axis of rotation of the machine, the rotor including a rotor mass and housings created in the rotor mass, the housings defining magnetic poles of the rotor, each of the housings being able to contain or not contain at least one permanent magnet.

A stator assembly has coils in a distributed winding configuration. A poly-phase switched reluctance motor assembly may include a stator assembly with multiple coils in a distributed winding configuration. The stator assembly may have a central bore into which a rotor assembly having multiple poles is received and configured to rotate. A method of controlling a switched reluctance motor may include at least three phases wherein during each conduction period a first phase is energized with negative direction current, a second phase is energized with positive current and there is at least one non-energized phase. During each commutation period either the first phase or second phase switches off to a non-energized state and one of the non-energized phases switches on to an energized state with the same direction current as the first or second phase that was switched off. The switched reluctance motor may include a distributed winding configuration.

A salient pole type hybrid excitation motor, belonging to the field of motors, and including a rotor assembly, where the rotor assembly includes: an electromagnetic rotor with radial salient poles and constructed in an annular shape and sleeving a magnetic yoke; a permanent magnet rotor installed on one side of the electromagnetic rotor; and axial salient pole blocks installed on one side of the permanent magnet rotor away from the electromagnetic rotor and arranged alternately with the radial salient poles, a plurality of axial salient pole blocks being matched with a plurality of radial salient poles of the electromagnetic rotor, and a polarity of the axial salient pole blocks being opposite to that of permanent magnet steels corresponding to the radial salient poles of the electromagnetic rotor. Electric excitation and permanent magnet excitation are combined to adjust an air gap magnetic field of a motor.