Provided is a sensor interface including a first cantilever beam bundle including at least one resonator and a first output terminal, a second cantilever beam bundle including at least one resonator and a second output terminal, and a differential amplifier including a first input terminal electrically connected to the first output terminal of the first cantilever beam bundle and a second input terminal electrically connected to the second output terminal of the second cantilever beam bundle.

Reducing a sensitivity of an electromechanical sensor is presented herein. The electromechanical sensor comprises a sensitivity with respect to a variation of a mechanical-to-electrical gain of a sense element of the electromechanical sensor; and a voltage-to-voltage converter component that minimizes the sensitivity by coupling, via a defined feedback capacitance, a positive feedback voltage to a sense electrode of the sense element—the sense element electrically coupled to an input of the voltage-to-voltage converter component. In one example, the voltage-to-voltage converter component minimizes the sensitivity by maintaining, via the defined feedback capacitance, a constant charge at the sense electrode. In another example, the electromechanical sensor comprises a capacitive sense element comprising a first node comprising the sense electrode. Further, a bias voltage component can apply a bias voltage to a second node of the electromechanical sensor. In yet another example, the electromechanical sensor comprises a piezoelectric sense element.

A circuit arrangement is provided which includes an array of stages for photon counting current to voltage conversion. Each stage includes a tunable operational transconductance amplifier and a feedback network forming a feedback loop of the operational transconductance amplifier. Each stage is configured to provide an output signal as a function of an input signal that is provided to the amplifier input of the operational transconductance amplifier, wherein the input signal comprises one or more current pulses and the output signal comprises one or more voltage pulses. With the tunable operational transconductance amplifier the transconductance of a stage can be tuned so that differences in peaking time and gain are avoided. Furthermore, an imaging device and a method for operating a circuit arrangement are provided.

A shaper circuit includes a first amplifier including an input and an output, the input being configured to receive an input signal, which includes one or more current pulses, a feedback component coupled to the output and to the input of the first amplifier thereby forming a feedback loop of the first amplifier, and an RC component coupled to the output of the first amplifier and to a reference potential terminal. Therein the shaper circuit is configured to provide an output signal as a function of the input signal, the output signal including one or more voltage pulses, and the RC component is configured to largely cancel a low frequency pole of the feedback loop of the first amplifier.

An operational amplifier includes a single-stage amplifier and a current controller. The single-stage amplifier receives an input signal, and amplifies the input signal to generate an output signal, wherein the single-stage amplifier includes a voltage controlled current source circuit that operates in response to a bias voltage input. The current controller receives the input signal, and generates the bias voltage input according to the input signal. The bias voltage input includes a first bias voltage, a second bias voltage, a third bias voltage, and a fourth bias voltage. None of the first bias voltage, the second bias voltage, the third bias voltage, and the fourth bias voltage is directly set by the input signal of the single-stage amplifier.

An example apparatus includes: a first voltage source, a first amplifier having a noninverting input adapted to be coupled to a photodiode anode and coupled to the first voltage source, an inverting input adapted to be coupled to a photodiode cathode, and an output, a first resistor coupled to the first amplifier inverting input and to the first amplifier output, a first capacitor coupled to the inverting input of the first amplifier and the first amplifier output, and a second voltage source different from the first voltage source. There is a second amplifier having a noninverting input, an inverting input and an output. The noninverting input is coupled to the output of the first amplifier, the inverting input is coupled to the second voltage source, and there is a second resistor coupled to the inverting input and the output of the second amplifier.

A photosensitive device includes a peripheral circuit semiconductor region, a photosensitive circuit semiconductor region including at least one group of at least two photosensitive elements configured to generate a photoelectric signal on a node called critical node. The device further includes an integrator circuit per group of photosensitive elements, each including: a differential circuit for each photosensitive element of the group, in the photosensitive circuit semiconductor region, an amplification circuit, in the peripheral circuit semiconductor region, and a feedback circuit for each photosensitive element of the group, comprising a capacitive element located in the photosensitive circuit semiconductor region coupled between the output node of the amplification circuit and the respective critical node.

Provided is a sensor interface including a first cantilever beam bundle including at least one resonator and a first output terminal, a second cantilever beam bundle including at least one resonator and a second output terminal, and a differential amplifier including a first input terminal electrically connected to the first output terminal of the first cantilever beam bundle and a second input terminal electrically connected to the second output terminal of the second cantilever beam bundle.

Reducing a sensitivity of an electromechanical sensor is presented herein. The electromechanical sensor comprises a sensitivity with respect to a variation of a mechanical-to-electrical gain of a sense element of the electromechanical sensor; and a voltage-to-voltage converter component that minimizes the sensitivity by coupling, via a defined feedback capacitance, a positive feedback voltage to a sense electrode of the sense element—the sense element electrically coupled to an input of the voltage-to-voltage converter component. In one example, the voltage-to-voltage converter component minimizes the sensitivity by maintaining, via the defined feedback capacitance, a constant charge at the sense electrode. In another example, the electromechanical sensor comprises a capacitive sense element comprising a first node comprising the sense electrode. Further, a bias voltage component can apply a bias voltage to a second node of the electromechanical sensor. In yet another example, the electromechanical sensor comprises a piezoelectric sense element.

An amplifier circuit includes a voltage-to-current conversion circuit and a current-to-voltage conversion circuit. The voltage-to-current conversion circuit generates a current signal according to an input voltage signal, and includes an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) used to output the current signal at an output port of the OTA. The current-to-voltage conversion circuit generates an output voltage signal according to the current signal, and includes a linear amplifier (LA), wherein an input port of the LA is coupled to the output port of the OTA, and the output voltage signal is derived from an output signal at an output port of the LA.