A passive vector modulator (PVM) includes a divider that splits an input signal into a first divided signal and a second divided signal 90° apart in phase. The PVM includes a switched transformer phase shifter including primary windings to form first primary windings and second primary windings receiving the first divided signal and the second divided signal respectively. First secondary windings are coupled to the first primary windings, the first secondary windings being center-tapped and outputting first and second phase shifted output signals, phase shifted 180° and 0° respectively. Second secondary windings are coupled to the second primary windings, the second secondary windings being center-tapped and outputting third and fourth phase shifted signals, phase shifted 270° and 90° respectively. The PVM includes a switch configured to receive the phase shifted output signals. The switch selectively outputs one of the phase shifted output signals, or a combination, from the PVM.

Disclosed is a dual-band phase shifter in which series/parallel resonance circuits are applied to a polyphase filter to implement a phase shifter, which is a core block of a multi-channel RFIC for implementing a phased array antenna system. The dual-band phase shifter may be configured by converting a capacitor (C) of an LC circuit or a CL circuit in the RFIC into a series resonance circuit and converting an inductor (L) thereof into a parallel resonance circuit, so that a signal generator operating in one frequency band can operate in a dual-band.

A phase shifter element includes: a first signal path and a second signal path extending in parallel between an input node of the phase shifter element and an output node of the phase shifter element; at least one first signal path e-fuse in the first signal path; and at least one second signal path e-fuse in the second signal path. The phase shifter element is programmable to select one of the first signal path and the second signal path. The phase shifter element has a first phase shift when the first signal path is selected and a second phase shift, different than the first phase shift, when the second signal path is selected.

Apparatus, system and method for operating a transmission line. The transmission line includes two non-electrically coupled conductive sections. At least one electronic device is coupled to and between the two sections of the transmission line. The at least one electronic device are configured to stably maintain, in the absence of electric current applied to the at least one electronic device, a conductive state, and a non-conductive state, as between the two sections of the transmission line.

First and second paths (I,II) are connected in parallel between an input terminal (IN) and an output terminal (OUT). A high-pass filter (HPF) is provided in the first path (I). A low-pass filter (LPF) is provided in the second path (II). A switch (SW1-SW4) connects one of the high-pass filter (HPF) and the low-pass filter (LPF) to the input terminal (IN) and the output terminal (OUT) and disconnects the other. A transmission line (TL1,TL2) is provided on the first and second paths (I,II) respectively. A line length of the transmission line (TL1,TL2) is adjusted such that a resonance caused due to circuit constants of the high-pass filter (HPF) and the low-pass filter (LPF) and capacitance obtained when the switch (SW1-SW4) is OFF is shifted to a communication frequency band.

Aspects of the present relate to reflection type phase shifters for radio frequency (RF) wireless devices. Reflection type phase structures in accordance with aspects described herein can improve device performance with compact configurations, such as where magnetic and capacitive coupling is integrated into a device design to integrate interactions between elements for improved phase shifting performance in a compact design with wideband performance.

A phase shifter circuit and a power divider are disclosed. The phase shifter circuit provides a (90/N)-degree phase shift for a signal with two or more frequencies, where N is an integer. The phase shifter circuit includes a first inductor, a first capacitor, a second inductor and a second capacitor. The first inductor is grounded, and is coupled to the first capacitor in series. The second inductor is grounded, and is coupled to the second capacitor in series. A first node between the first capacitor and the first inductor is coupled to a node between a second node between the second capacitor and the second inductor. The power divider includes plural circuit blocks cascaded in series. Each circuit block provides a (90/N)-degree phase shift for a signal with two or more operating frequencies.

A phase shifter circuit and a power divider are disclosed. The phase shifter circuit provides a (90/N)-degree phase shift for a signal with two or more frequencies, where N is an integer. The phase shifter circuit includes a first inductor, a first capacitor, a second inductor and a second capacitor. The first inductor is grounded, and is coupled to the first capacitor in series. The second inductor is grounded, and is coupled to the second capacitor in series. A first node between the first capacitor and the first inductor is coupled to a node between a second node between the second capacitor and the second inductor. The power divider includes plural circuit blocks cascaded in series. Each circuit block provides a (90/N)-degree phase shift for a signal with two or more operating frequencies.

There is provided a phase shifter including a substrate, a signal line on the substrate, ground lines disposed in pairs on the substrate, and at least one film bridge. Two ground lines of the ground lines are on two sides of the signal line and are respectively spaced apart from the signal line. Each film bridge includes a plurality of connection walls and a bridge floor structure that is opposite to the substrate. The connection walls are respectively on the two ground lines. The bridge floor structure includes a phase shifting electrode and at least one pair of adsorption electrodes respectively connected to two sides of the phase shifting electrode. The phase shifting electrode is opposite to the signal line. Two adsorption electrodes in each pair are respectively opposite to the two ground lines, and are respectively connected to the connection walls on the two ground lines.

A network interface device has a safeguard apparatus. The safeguard apparatus is operable in power on, power off, and degraded power conditions. In power on operation, the safeguard apparatus maintains the quality of active and passive branch communications. During power off and degraded power operation, the safeguard apparatus safeguards the quality of the passive communication path.