A serial IGBT voltage equalization method and system based on an auxiliary voltage source is disclosed. The method includes the following steps. (1) Detect a port dynamic voltage of each serial IGBT. (2) Perform dynamic overvoltage diagnosis respectively on the port dynamic voltage of each IGBT. (3) Supply emergency high level signal to the gate of the IGBT when there is dynamic overvoltage. (4) Stop supplying emergency high level signal to the gate of the IGBT, supply a constant voltage at the gate of the IGBT through the auxiliary voltage source. The invention provides a constant voltage through the auxiliary voltage source, prolongs the off time of the faulty IGBT, and turns off other IGBTs simultaneously, thereby achieving the purpose of serial IGBT voltage equalization.

Embodiments of power-on reset (POR) circuits are described. In one embodiment, a POR circuit includes a primary ladder circuit connected to a supply voltage and configured to generate a reference signal for a reset signal in response to the supply voltage and a secondary ladder circuit connected to the supply voltage and configured to bias the primary ladder circuit in response to the supply voltage.

A control device for connecting between two portions of an electrical power supply line. The device includes a bipolar transistor including a wide bandgap semiconductor material and having its emitter connected to one portion of the power supply line, its collector connected to another portion of the power supply line, and the device also including control connected to the base of the transistor.

An embodiment power-on-reset circuit, having a power supply input to receive a power supply voltage, generates a reset signal with a value switching upon the power supply voltage crossing a POR detection level. The power-on-reset circuit has: a PTAT stage having a left branch and a right branch and generating a current equilibrium condition between the currents circulating in the left and right branches upon the power supply voltage reaching the POR detection level; and an output stage coupled to the PTAT stage and generating the reset signal, with the value switching at the occurrence of the current equilibrium condition for the PTAT stage. The power-on-reset circuit further comprises a detection-level generation stage, coupled to the PTAT stage as a central branch thereof to define the value of the POR detection level.

An embodiment power-on-reset circuit, having a power supply input to receive a power supply voltage, generates a reset signal with a value switching upon the power supply voltage crossing a POR detection level. The power-on-reset circuit has: a PTAT stage having a left branch and a right branch and generating a current equilibrium condition between the currents circulating in the left and right branches upon the power supply voltage reaching the POR detection level; and an output stage coupled to the PTAT stage and generating the reset signal, with the value switching at the occurrence of the current equilibrium condition for the PTAT stage. The power-on-reset circuit further comprises a detection-level generation stage, coupled to the PTAT stage as a central branch thereof to define the value of the POR detection level.

Systems, methods, circuits, devices, and apparatus including computer-readable mediums for managing startups of bandgap reference circuits in memory systems, e.g., non-volatile memory systems. In one aspect, an integrated circuit includes: a power supply switch configured to receive an original supply voltage and provide a controlled supply voltage controllable by an enabling signal, an operational amplifier configured to receive input voltages and the controlled supply voltage and output a gate control voltage, output circuitry configured to receive the gate control voltage and the controlled supply voltage, provide the input voltages to the operational amplifier, and output a reference voltage, and initialization circuitry coupled to the power supply switch, the operational amplifier, and the output circuitry and configured to initialize the controlled supply voltage and the gate control voltage to ground based on the enabling signal, such that the reference voltage increases from ground to a target voltage during a startup.

Systems, methods, circuits, devices, and apparatus including computer-readable mediums for managing startups of bandgap reference circuits in memory systems, e.g., non-volatile memory systems. In one aspect, an integrated circuit includes: a power supply switch configured to receive an original supply voltage and provide a controlled supply voltage controllable by an enabling signal, an operational amplifier configured to receive input voltages and the controlled supply voltage and output a gate control voltage, output circuitry configured to receive the gate control voltage and the controlled supply voltage, provide the input voltages to the operational amplifier, and output a reference voltage, and initialization circuitry coupled to the power supply switch, the operational amplifier, and the output circuitry and configured to initialize the controlled supply voltage and the gate control voltage to ground based on the enabling signal, such that the reference voltage increases from ground to a target voltage during a startup.

A voltage reference circuit serves to furnish a reference voltage for an application-specific integrated circuit. The voltage reference circuit includes a voltage input for applying an operating voltage; a ground terminal; a voltage output for furnishing a reference voltage; and a signal output for furnishing a power-on reset signal. The voltage reference circuit includes an IPTAT circuit, connected between the voltage input and ground terminal, for generating a current proportional to the absolute temperature, the voltage reference circuit being embodied to furnish the power-on reset signal only if the reference voltage has reached a target value and if additionally a current is flowing in the IPTAT circuit with a quantity of current that reaches or exceeds a minimum current intensity determined by a voltage value of the operating voltage and by a pull-down resistance value.

A serial IGBT voltage equalization method and system based on an auxiliary voltage source is disclosed. The method includes the following steps. (1) Detect a port dynamic voltage of each serial IGBT. (2) Perform dynamic overvoltage diagnosis respectively on the port dynamic voltage of each IGBT. (3) Supply emergency high level signal to the gate of the IGBT when there is dynamic overvoltage. (4) Stop supplying emergency high level signal to the gate of the IGBT, supply a constant voltage at the gate of the IGBT through the auxiliary voltage source. The invention provides a constant voltage through the auxiliary voltage source, prolongs the off time of the faulty IGBT, and turns off other IGBTs simultaneously, thereby achieving the purpose of serial IGBT voltage equalization.

A voltage reference circuit serves to furnish a reference voltage for an application-specific integrated circuit. The voltage reference circuit includes a voltage input for applying an operating voltage; a ground terminal; a voltage output for furnishing a reference voltage; and a signal output for furnishing a power-on reset signal. The voltage reference circuit includes an IPTAT circuit, connected between the voltage input and ground terminal, for generating a current proportional to the absolute temperature, the voltage reference circuit being embodied to furnish the power-on reset signal only if the reference voltage has reached a target value and if additionally a current is flowing in the IPTAT circuit with a quantity of current that reaches or exceeds a minimum current intensity determined by a voltage value of the operating voltage and by a pull-down resistance value.