An apparatus and method for generating a broadcast signal frame corresponding to a time interleaver supporting a plurality of operation modes are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information corresponding to the time interleaver, the preamble includes a field indicating a start position of a first complete FEC block corresponding to each of physical layer pipes.

Aspects of the disclosure relate to wireless communication devices configured to encode information blocks to produce code blocks and interleave the code blocks utilizing an interleaver including a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, where the number of columns of the interleaver varies between the rows. In some examples, the interleaver includes a right isosceles triangle-shaped matrix of rows and columns. In other examples, the interleaver includes a trapezoid-shaped matrix of rows and columns.

The present invention is directed to communication systems and methods. According to a specific embodiment, FEC data streams from multiple FEC data lanes are received. First stage interleaving and inner encoding are performed on the FEC data streams to generate inner encoded data streams. A second stage interleaving process is performed to interleave the inner encoded data streams. There are other embodiments as well.

Control information for configuring an audiovisual device to present multimedia content according to a first service type may be generated. A method may include generating first control information for configuring an audiovisual device to decode a multimedia stream, generating first data that indicates a structure of the first control information, and transmitting the first data and the first control information. The first control information may be generated according to a first protocol version. Second data and second control information may be similarly generated and transmitted according to a second protocol version. Disclosed techniques may facilitate receiving devices to determine whether they support received wireless transmissions and decode the transmissions based on the control information.

A syndrome calculation circuit includes a matrix product calculation circuit. The matrix product calculation circuit is configured to generate syndrome bits in a composite field by calculating a matrix product of input data bits and a first arithmetic matrix. The first arithmetic matrix is a matrix product of a basis conversion matrix for converting a data string from a Galois field to the composite field and a second arithmetic matrix, which is at least a part of a parity check matrix.

A convolutional interleaver included in a time interleaver, which performs convolutional interleaving includes: a first switch that switches a connection destination of an input of the convolutional interleaver to one end of one of a plurality of branches; a FIFO memories provided in some of the plurality of branches except one branch, wherein a number of FIFO memories is different among the plurality of branches; and a second switch that switches a connection destination of an output of the convolutional interleaver to another end of one of the plurality of branches. The first and second switches switch the connection destination when the plurality of cells as many as the codewords per frame have passed, by switching a corresponding branch of the connection destination sequentially and repeatedly among the plurality of branches.

Aspects of the disclosure relate to wireless communication devices configured to encode information blocks to produce code blocks and interleave the code blocks utilizing an interleaver including a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, where the number of columns of the interleaver varies between the rows. In some examples, the interleaver includes a right isosceles triangle-shaped matrix of rows and columns. In other examples, the interleaver includes a trapezoid-shaped matrix of rows and columns.

A decoding apparatus includes an input power estimating circuit, an error correction decoder and a controller. The input power estimating circuit generates multiple estimated input powers for multiple sets of data included in a packet that needs to be corrected, and calculates respective power differences between the multiple estimated input powers and a reference power. The controller determines one or multiple candidate error positions according to one of the multiple power differences that is higher than a predetermined threshold. The error correction decoder performs a decoding process on the packet according to the one or multiple candidate error positions.

Wireless transport of multiple service versions of a transport framework. First and second information may be processed for transmission, respectively, according to first and second service versions of a transport framework. The first and second information may be encoded using a first type of error correction coding; after processing, the processed first information may include error correction coding according to the first type of error correction coding, while the processed second information may remain uncoded according to the first type of error correction coding. Control information may be generated indicating that the second information remains uncoded according to the first type of error correction coding, which may signal to receivers that the second information is processed according to the second service version of the transport framework. Packets including the processed first information, the processed second information, and the control information may be generated and transmitted in a wireless manner.

A method and apparatus for point-to-multi-point communications. A transmitter of a network device may include forward error correction (FEC) encoder configured to encode input data to generate a plurality of codewords, and an interleaver configured to perform a combined processing of block or convolutional interleaving and codeword interleaving on the plurality of codewords to generate one or more interleaving blocks. Each codeword belongs to one of a plurality of codeword groups associated with the plurality of subscriber-side devices and codewords belonging to different codeword groups are interleaved in each interleaving block. An FEC encoder in a subscriber-side device may encode input data to generate a plurality of codewords and an interleaver may perform interleaving on one or more of the plurality of codewords to generate one or more interleaving blocks, wherein an interleaving depth may be dynamically selected based on a burst length of upstream transmission.