There is provided an apparatus including an acquisition unit that acquires an information block generated from transmission data for a user and subjected to error correction coding, and an interleaving unit that interleaves a bit sequence of the information block using an interleaver unique to the user. The interleaving unit interleaves the bit sequence by interleaving each of two or more partial sequences obtained from the bit sequence.

A communication device includes an interleaving unit that determines an interleaving length of transmit data to be transmitted through free-space optical communication, and interleaves the transmit data based on the determined interleaving length, and a shaping unit that shapes the interleaved transmit data so as to make the interleaving length detectable on a receiving side of the free-space optical communication.

Disclosed by the present application are a resource mapping method and apparatus and device, comprising: determining to-be-sent data hosted on a data-channel physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)/physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH); mapping said to-be-sent data to a virtual resource block (VRB); mapping the virtual resource block to a physical resource block (PRB) in resource block (RB) bundle units. Using the present application, it is possible to prevent the problem of the size of a virtual resource block bundle being inconsistent with the size of a physical resource block bundle, thus causing it to be impossible to map the virtual resource block to the physical resource block.

There is disclosed a method of operating a transmitting radio node in a wireless communication network. The method includes transmitting data signaling utilising a plurality of transmission sources, wherein the data signaling represents a plurality of code blocks. Modulation symbols of a modulation symbol sequence are mapped to the plurality of transmission sources in c-tuples, the modulation symbol sequence representing the plurality of code blocks in which c is dependent on the modulation used for transmitting the signaling. The disclosure also pertains to related devices and methods.

A communication device includes an interleaving unit that determines an interleaving length of transmit data to be transmitted through free-space optical communication, and interleaves the transmit data based on the determined interleaving length, and a shaping unit that shapes the interleaved transmit data so as to make the interleaving length detectable on a receiving side of the free-space optical communication.

Methods and systems are disclosed for applying an interleaver that better distributes signal errors to be used in devices operating on low voltage power grids. One embodiment of a method comprises: determining a frequency cycle of the communication medium; setting an interleaver block size based on the frequency cycle of the communication medium; re-arranging bits in a data packet based on the interleaver block size; transmitting the re-arranged data packet over the communication medium to a receiver. Specifically, according to an embodiment, the interleaver block size is set to one-half of the frequency cycle of the communication medium.

A detection circuit performs a turbo detection process to recover a frame of data symbols from a received signal, the data symbols of the frame having been effected, during transmission, by a Markov process with the effect that the data symbols of the frame in the received signal are dependent one or more preceding data symbols which can be represented as a trellis having a plurality of trellis stages. The detection circuit comprises a plurality of processing elements, each of the processing elements is associated with one of the trellis stages representing the dependency of the data symbols of the frame according to the Markov process and each of the processing elements is configured to receive one or more soft decision values corresponding to one or more data symbols associated with the trellis stage, and each of one or more of the processing elements is configured, in one clock cycle to receive fixed point data representing a priori forward state metrics a priori backward state metrics, and fixed point data representing a priori soft decision values for the one or more data symbols being detected for the trellis stage. For each of a plurality of clock cycles of the turbo detection process, the detection circuit is configured to process, for each of the processing elements representing the trellis stages, the a priori information for the one or more data symbols being detected for the trellis stage associated with the processing element, and to provide the extrinsic soft decision values corresponding to the one or more data symbols for a next clock cycle of the turbo detection process.

[Object] To make it possible to transmit data more flexibly and with a lesser burden in an IDMA system. [Solution] There is provided an apparatus including: an acquisition unit configured to acquire an information block generated from transmission data for a user and subjected to error correction coding; and an interleaving unit configured to interleave a bit sequence of the information block using an interleaver unique to the user. The interleaving unit interleaves the bit sequence by interleaving each of two or more partial sequences obtained from the bit sequence.

Provided is a generating apparatus generating error-correcting code for data packet including: a first determining unit configured to determine a redundancy range for the error-correcting code; a second determining unit configured to determine a combination of a plurality of interleaving lengths indicating an interval of a plurality of data packets for which the error-correcting code is generated; and a generating unit configured to generate the error-correcting code for the data packet, based on a combination of the plurality of interleaving lengths determined by the second determining unit, wherein the second determining unit determines the combination of the plurality of interleaving lengths, such that a total redundancy of the error-correcting codes for the data packets corresponding to the combination of the plurality of interleaving lengths falls within a range of redundancy determined by the first determining unit.

[Object] To provide a communication control apparatus, a radio communication apparatus, a communication control method, a radio communication method, and a program that are capable of contributing to improving a radio communication technology related to IDMA. [Solution] Provided is a communication control apparatus including: a communication unit configured to communicate with a radio communication apparatus of a radio communication system using interleave division multiple access (IDMA); and a control unit configured to allocate an interleaver type of an interleaver to be used for IDMA by the radio communication apparatus.