Methods and systems for managing decoding of control channel on a multi-SIM UE. A method includes receiving, by the UE, the plurality of control channels from at least one Base Station (BS), the plurality of control channels corresponding to a plurality of Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMs), selecting, by the UE, a respective decoder for each of the plurality of SIMs, and decoding, by the UE, each respective control channel among the plurality of control channels using the respective decoder for a respective SIM among the plurality of SIMs, the respective SIM corresponding to the respective control channel.

Systems and methods of communicating using asymmetric polar codes are provided which overcome the codeword length constraints of systems and methods of communicating that use traditional polar codes. Used herein, asymmetric polar codes refers to a polarizing linear block code of any arbitrary length that is constructed by connecting together constituent polar codes of unequal length. Asymmetric polar codes may be known by other names. In comparison to conventional solutions for variable codeword length, asymmetric polar codes may provide more flexibility, improved performance, and/or reduced complexity of decoding, encoding, or code design. The system and method provide a flexible, universal, and well-defined coding scheme and to provide sound bit-error correction performance and low decoding latency (compared with current length-compatible methods which can be used with current hardware designs). For the most part, the provided embodiments can be implemented with nearly all available current encoding/decoding polar code techniques.

Systems and methods of communicating using asymmetric polar codes are provided which overcome the codeword length constraints of systems and methods of communicating that use traditional polar codes. Used herein, asymmetric polar codes refers to a polarizing linear block code of any arbitrary length that is constructed by connecting together constituent polar codes of unequal length. Asymmetric polar codes may be known by other names. In comparison to conventional solutions for variable codeword length, asymmetric polar codes may provide more flexibility, improved performance, and/or reduced complexity of decoding, encoding, or code design. The system and method provide a flexible, universal, and well-defined coding scheme and to provide sound bit-error correction performance and low decoding latency (compared with current length-compatible methods which can be used with current hardware designs). For the most part, the provided embodiments can be implemented with nearly all available current encoding/decoding polar code techniques.

Hard errors are determined for an unsuccessful decoding of codeword bits read from NAND memory cells via a read channel and input to a low-density parity check (LDPC) decoder. A bit error rate (BER) for the hard errors is estimated and BER for the read channel is estimated. Hard error regions are found using a single level cell (SLC) reading of the NAND memory cells. A log likelihood ratio (LLR) mapping of the codeword bits input to the LDPC decoder is changed based on the hard error regions, the hard error BER, and/or the read channel BER.

Methods and apparatus for training a Neural Network to recover a codeword of a Forward Error Correction (FEC) code are provided. Trainable parameters of the Neural Network are optimised to minimise a loss function. The loss function is calculated by representing an estimated value of the message bit output from the Neural Network as a probability of the value of the bit in a predetermined real number domain and multiplying the representation of the estimated value of the message bit by a representation of a target value of the message bit. Training a neural network may be implemented via a loss function.

A quantum error correcting code with dynamically generated logical qubits is provided. When viewed as a subsystem code, the code has no logical qubits. Nevertheless, the measurement patterns generate logical qubits, allowing the code to act as a fault-tolerant quantum memory. Each measurement can be a two-qubit Pauli measurement.

A mobile electronic device may include a memory device and a memory controller including an error correction code (ECC) encoder to encode data, a constrained channel encoder configured to encode an output of the ECC encoder based on one or more constraints, a reinforcement learning pulse programming (RLPP) component configured to identify a programming algorithm for programming the data to the memory device, an expectation maximization (EM) signal processing component configured to receive a noisy multi-wordline voltage vector from the memory device and classify each bit of the vector with a log likelihood ration (LLR) value, a constrained channel decoder configured to receive a constrained vector from the EM signal processing component and produce an unconstrained vector, and an ECC decoder configured to decode the unconstrained vector. A machine learning interference cancellation component may operate based on or independent of input from the EM signal processing component.

A decoding system, a decoding controller, and a decoding control method are provided. In the decoding system, a decoding controller is disposed between two adjacent decoders. The decoding controller determines whether to perform turn-off based on a non-turn-off indication received by a previous-stage decoder, a turn-off indication output by the previous-stage decoder, and historical turn-off probability statistics. This is equivalent to adding a buffer zone between the two adjacent decoders.

The present invention is directed to data communication. More specifically, an embodiment of the present invention provides an error correction system. Input data signals are processed by a feedforward equalization module and a decision feedback back equalization module. Decisions generated by the decision feedback equalization module are processed by an error detection module, which determines error events associated with the decisions. The error detection module implements a reduced state trellis path. There are other embodiments as well.

The present invention is directed to communication systems and methods. According to a specific embodiment, FEC data streams from multiple FEC data lanes are received. First stage interleaving and inner encoding are performed on the FEC data streams to generate inner encoded data streams. A second stage interleaving process is performed to interleave the inner encoded data streams. There are other embodiments as well.