Disclosed is a method for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning and an electronic device performing the method. According to an example embodiment, the method includes monitoring whether an error of the GNSS positioning occurs, determining, when the error of the GNSS positioning is detected, whether a first output frequency of a first phase locked loop (PLL) used for demodulating a GNSS signal received from a satellite for the GNSS positioning is stable, and changing, when the first output frequency of the first PLL is unstable, a frequency used for demodulating the GNSS signal to a second output frequency of a second PLL or a basic frequency input to the first PLL and the second PLL.

Disclosed is a method for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning and an electronic device performing the method. According to an example embodiment, the method includes monitoring whether an error of the GNSS positioning occurs, determining, when the error of the GNSS positioning is detected, whether a first output frequency of a first phase locked loop (PLL) used for demodulating a GNSS signal received from a satellite for the GNSS positioning is stable, and changing, when the first output frequency of the first PLL is unstable, a frequency used for demodulating the GNSS signal to a second output frequency of a second PLL or a basic frequency input to the first PLL and the second PLL.

Methods and an apparatus are provided. A first method includes receiving an estimated first arrival path (FAP); processing the estimated FAP; providing a rounding operation on the processed estimated FAP to generate an adjustment value for adjusting a fast Fourier transform (FFT) window; determining a quantization error based on the processed estimated FAP; and summing the quantization error to the processed estimated FAR A second method includes receiving an estimated FAP; determining a weighted average of the estimated FAP; processing the weighted average of the estimated FAP; providing a rounding operation on the processed weighted average of the estimated FAP to generate an adjustment value for adjusting an FFT window; determining a delayed STR adjustment based on the processed weighted average of the estimated FAP in a previous time slot; and summing the delayed STR adjustment to the processed weighted average of the estimated FAP in a current time slot.

Methods and an apparatus are provided. A first method includes receiving an estimated first arrival path (FAP); processing the estimated FAP; providing a rounding operation on the processed estimated FAP to generate an adjustment value for adjusting a fast Fourier transform (FFT) window; determining a quantization error based on the processed estimated FAP; and summing the quantization error to the processed estimated FAR A second method includes receiving an estimated FAP; determining a weighted average of the estimated FAP; processing the weighted average of the estimated FAP; providing a rounding operation on the processed weighted average of the estimated FAP to generate an adjustment value for adjusting an FFT window; determining a delayed STR adjustment based on the processed weighted average of the estimated FAP in a previous time slot; and summing the delayed STR adjustment to the processed weighted average of the estimated FAP in a current time slot.

Methods and an apparatus are provided. A method includes generating an intermediate symbol time recovery (STR) adjustment based on a difference between an estimated first arrival path (FAP) and an FAP offset and generating an accumulated STR adjustment based on at least the intermediate STR adjustment and a feedback STR adjustment.

Methods and an apparatus are provided. A method includes generating an intermediate symbol time recovery (STR) adjustment based on a difference between an estimated first arrival path (FAP) and an FAP offset and generating an accumulated STR adjustment based on at least the intermediate STR adjustment and a feedback STR adjustment.

A communication apparatus includes a reference signal generating section, a transmitting section, a propagation estimating section, a first data acquiring section, and a decoding section. The reference signal generating section generates a first reference signal to enable a communicating party to estimate a propagation environment. The transmitting section transmits the first reference signal. The propagation estimating section estimates a first propagation estimation value of the propagation environment using a second reference signal transmitted from the communicating party. The first data acquiring section generates first data using the first propagation estimation value. The decoding section decodes a transmission signal encoded using a second propagation estimation value that is estimated by the communicating party using the first reference signal, to obtain second data using the first data.

A communication apparatus includes a reference signal generating section, a transmitting section, a propagation estimating section, a first data acquiring section, and a decoding section. The reference signal generating section generates a first reference signal to enable a communicating party to estimate a propagation environment. The transmitting section transmits the first reference signal. The propagation estimating section estimates a first propagation estimation value of the propagation environment using a second reference signal transmitted from the communicating party. The first data acquiring section generates first data using the first propagation estimation value. The decoding section decodes a transmission signal encoded using a second propagation estimation value that is estimated by the communicating party using the first reference signal, to obtain second data using the first data.

A method for minimizing a time domain mean square error (MSE) of channel estimation (CE) includes estimating, by a processor, a power delay profile (PDP) from a time domain observation of reference signal (RS) channels; estimating, by the processor, a noise variance of the RS channels; and determining, by the processor, a first arrival path (FAP) value and a delay spread estimation (DSE) value based on the estimated PDP and the estimated noise variance for minimizing the MSE of CE.

A method for minimizing a time domain mean square error (MSE) of channel estimation (CE) includes estimating, by a processor, a power delay profile (PDP) from a time domain observation of reference signal (RS) channels; estimating, by the processor, a noise variance of the RS channels; and determining, by the processor, a first arrival path (FAP) value and a delay spread estimation (DSE) value based on the estimated PDP and the estimated noise variance for minimizing the MSE of CE.