The invention relates to a power-over-fiber (PoF) system, comprising: an optical source configured to generate an optical signal, wherein the optical signal comprises an intensity modulation; an optical fiber configured to receive the optical signal from the optical source and to guide the optical signal; an optical sink, which is configured to receive the optical signal from the optical fiber and to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal; a detection unit, which is configured to detect at least one characteristic of the electrical signal, wherein the characteristic is at least partially caused by the intensity modulation of the optical signal; and a control unit, which is configured to control the optical source based on the detected characteristic.

A system for powering a network element of a fiber optic wide area network is disclosed. When communication data is transferred between a central office (CO) and a subscriber terminal using a network element to convert optical to electrical (O-E) and electrical to optical (E-O) signals between a fiber from the central office and twisted wire pair, coaxial cable or Ethernet cable transmission lines from the subscriber terminal, techniques related to local powering of a network element or drop site by the subscriber terminal or subscriber premise remote powering device are provided. Certain advantages and/or benefits are achieved using the present invention, such as freedom from any requirement for additional meter installations or meter connection charges and does not require a separate power network.

Power distribution modules are configured to distribute power to a power-consuming component(s), such as a remote antenna unit(s) (RAU(s)). By “hot” connection and/or disconnection, the power distribution modules can be connected and/or disconnected from a power unit and/or a power-consuming component(s) while power is being provided to the power distribution modules. Power is not required to be disabled in the power unit before connection and/or disconnection of power distribution modules. The power distribution modules may be configured to protect against or reduce electrical arcing or electrical contact erosion that may otherwise result from “hot” connection and/or connection of the power distribution modules.

Embodiments of this application disclose an optical network unit and a PoE power supply system. The optical network unit in embodiments of this application includes a conductive connection terminal, a switch module, a network transformer, a first voltage conversion module, and a network interface connector. The conductive connection terminal is configured to be connected to a power over Ethernet PoE power supply device, and the conductive connection terminal is connected to the network transformer.

A mobile terminal is a communication device that communicates using visible light, and includes: a plurality of light emitters, each of which is disposed along the front surface of the mobile terminal and transmits a visible light signal; and a plurality of light receivers, each of which is disposed along the front surface and receives a visible light signal. The plurality of light emitters are disposed on the left side of all of the plurality of light receivers, and the plurality of first light receivers are disposed on the right side of all of the plurality of light emitters.

Devices, systems and methods for coupling sensors to intelligent electronic devices (IED's), e.g., an electrical power meter, via various communication media for electrical utility submetering are provided. The present disclosure provides a mechanism for coupling an IED to another desired device, e.g., a circuit breaker, using modular connectors (e.g., a RJ-45 connector, fiber optic connectors, etc.) and fiber-optic cables. The present disclosure also provides for coupling devices using modular connectors via wired or wireless connectivity.

Provided is a communication apparatus for making connection to a communication network, including: an optical network unit; and an external power supply input/output terminal, the communication apparatus being configured such that electrical power is fed to the optical network unit from an external terminal that is connected to the external power supply input/output terminal and functions as an auxiliary power supply.

Communication systems and methods over direct current (DC) power conductors to remote subunits may include interrupt windows in a power signal on a DC power conductor for safety reasons. The timing of rising and falling edges of the interrupt window may be modified, thereby changing the duration, period, or position within a period of the interrupt window. In effect, interrupt windows within the DC power signal may be pulse width modulated to send data between a power source and one or more subunits. Pulse width modulation (PWM) of the DC power signal preserves the safety features, but allows data and/or commands to be transferred between the power source and any subunits.

A cryogenic system cools and operates cryogenic electronics. The cryogenic system includes a cryogenic stage or multiple cryogenic stages for cooling the cryogenic electronics to an operational cryogenic temperature. The cryogenic stage or stages transfer heat from the cryogenic electronics to an ambient environment. An optical fiber or multiple optical fibers deliver an operational power from the ambient environment to the cryogenic electronics and transfer communication data between the cryogenic electronics and the ambient environment. Preferably, the only connection delivering any power from the ambient environment to the cryogenic electronics or transferring any data from the cryogenic electronics to the ambient environment is the optical fiber or fibers, such that the cryogenic system does not include any electrically conductive wires spanning between the ambient environment and the cryogenic electronics.

Devices, systems and methods for coupling sensors to intelligent electronic devices (IED's), e.g., an electrical power meter, via various communication media for electrical utility submetering are provided. The present disclosure provides a mechanism for coupling an IED to another desired device, e.g., a circuit breaker, using modular connectors (e.g., a RJ-45 connector, fiber optic connectors, etc.) and fiber-optic cables. The present disclosure also provides for coupling devices using modular connectors via wired or wireless connectivity.