There is provided mechanisms for performance degradation handling between a first radio access network node that operates in a first frequency band and provides network access for subscribers of a first mobile network operator and a second radio access network node that operates in a second frequency band and provides network access for subscribers of a second mobile network operator. A method is performed by the first radio access network node. The method comprises identifying performance degradation impacting the network access for the subscribers of the first mobile network operator. The performance degradation is identified as originating from a particular direction relative the first radio access network node and as caused by the second radio access network node. The method comprises providing, towards the second radio access network node, an indication of the performance degradation. The indication specifies the particular direction and identifies the second radio access network node as causing the performance degradation.

Disclosed are a clock offset determination method and apparatus. The clock offset determination method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: determining, by measuring downlink positioning reference signals (PRS) from a reference base station and a non-reference base station, a first positioning measurement value; determining, on the basis of the first positioning measurement value, a first clock offset between the reference base station and the non-reference base station; and on the basis of the first clock offset, assisting a target terminal to obtain a second clock offset.

Techniques and apparatus for enabling and disabling of muting patterns in Radio Access Network (RAN) nodes for the purpose of allowing better detection and use of reference symbols used for over-the-air synchronization. An example method, in a base station operating in a wireless communications network, includes determining that a first neighbor cell of a plurality of neighbor cells is interfering with or is likely to interfere with a signal, from a second neighbor cell, that is used for synchronization. The method further includes sending, towards the first neighbor cell, a request for activation of a reference signal muting pattern by the first neighbor cell, the request including information identifying the second neighbor cell or a stratum of the second neighbor cell.

The present invention relates to a communication assembly comprising a first terminal provided with a first communication module arranged to communicate with a plurality of beacons, each comprising a communication circuit to enable data to be sent and/or received with a particular periodicity Said assembly additionally comprises a second terminal having a second communication module, wherein said second terminal is arranged to scan its environment by means of said second communication module in order to detect the presence of beacons within range and to retrieve for each beacon detected the particular periodicity and a time offset corresponding to the period between a reference point and the start of the transmission of the message and send them to the first terminal.

Embodiments include methods, in a base station operating in a wireless communications network, for over-the-air synchronization with a cell served by a further base station. Such methods include receiving time synchronization information and muting availability information associated with a plurality of further base stations serving a plurality of cells. Such methods also include determining that a cell served by a first further base station is a preferred synchronization source cell for the base station, and sending, to one or more second further base stations, respective requests to activate muting in one or more of the cells served by the second further base stations. Embodiments include complementary methods performed by a further base station, and base stations configured to perform operations corresponding to the exemplary methods.

An electronic device, a method, and a BS for managing a BSs in a shared spectrum. The electronic device receives synchronization measurement reports (SMRs) from the BSs and identifies, based on the SMRs, at least one synchronization source BS and at least one slave BS from the BSs. Transmission timing of the at least one slave BS is based on transmission timing of the at least one synchronization source BS. The electronic device assigns the at least one synchronization source BS to a stratum in a synchronization hierarchy. A synchronization source BS assigned to an n=0 stratum provides a reference frame timing for the plurality of BSs and a synchronization source BS assigned to an n>0 stratum derives frame timing from another synchronization source BS assigned to an n−1 stratum. The electronic device configures synchronization signals and transmits synchronization management indications (SMIs) to the plurality of BSs.

The invention provides a mechanism for reducing residual frequency differences in distributed MIMO using a slave trigger, and increasing synchronization precision between APs. The communication device, which constitutes a wireless network by cooperating with another communication device, has a transmission unit for transmitting a frame for synchronization to the other communication device to cooperate with the other communication device. The transmission unit includes: a setting unit that sets a value exceeding 4 as a repetition number for an EHT Long Training Field (EHT-LTF) in a preset position of an EHT Signal Field (EHT-SIG-A) of a frame for synchronization; and a generation unit that generates a frame for synchronization, the frame including EHT-LTFs whose quantity is the set repetition number. The transmission unit transmits the generated frame to the other communication device.

Mitigation of inter-base station resynchronization loss in wireless networks including contention-based shared frequency spectrum is discussed. Aspects of such mitigation provide for base stations entering into an idle mode when a transmission opportunity occurs in a radio frame of the next resynchronization occasion. Additional aspects provide for the base station to signal a flexible listen before talk (LBT) frame length to the user equipment (UE), either with or without explicit signaling of the downlink-uplink division. Further aspects provide for the base station to signal a reset indication to UEs that will prompt the UEs to monitor for downlink channel reserving signals prior to the current LBT frame ending by the resynchronization occasion.

An electronic device, a method, and a BS for managing a BSs in a shared spectrum. The electronic device receives synchronization measurement reports (SMRs) from the BSs and identifies, based on the SMRs, at least one synchronization source BS and at least one slave BS from the BSs. Transmission timing of the at least one slave BS is based on transmission timing of the at least one synchronization source BS. The electronic device assigns the at least one synchronization source BS to a stratum in a synchronization hierarchy. A synchronization source BS assigned to an n=0 stratum provides a reference frame timing for the plurality of BSs and a synchronization source BS assigned to an n>0 stratum derives frame timing from another synchronization source BS assigned to an n1 stratum. The electronic device configures synchronization signals and transmits synchronization management indications (SMIs) to the plurality of BSs.

A method of frame exchange for a first communication device in a multi-radio system is disclosed. The method comprises configuring a time division duplex (TDD) operation in a first radio system and a second radio system, receiving a first frame for requesting a frame exchange, from a second communication device of the first radio system, and transmitting a second frame corresponding to the first frame, to the second communication device, wherein the second frame includes a field for indicating a reserve time for the frame exchange, and the reserve time is set to be aligned with a TDD operation time of the first radio system.