In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a broadcast, unknown-unicast, or multicast (BUM) frame from a connected device, where the BUM frame is associated with a broadcast domain, determining a segment within the broadcast domain associated with the device, adding to the BUM frame a segment identifier that uniquely identifies the segment within the broadcast domain, and causing the BUM frame to be delivered to one or more recipient network apparatuses in a network associated with the broadcast domain, where the segment identifier added to the BUM frame is configured to be used by the one or more recipient network apparatuses to selectively forward the BUM frame to connected devices that are associated with segment identifier.

In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a broadcast, unknown-unicast, or multicast (BUM) frame from a connected device, where the BUM frame is associated with a broadcast domain, determining a segment within the broadcast domain associated with the device, adding to the BUM frame a segment identifier that uniquely identifies the segment within the broadcast domain, and causing the BUM frame to be delivered to one or more recipient network apparatuses in a network associated with the broadcast domain, where the segment identifier added to the BUM frame is configured to be used by the one or more recipient network apparatuses to selectively forward the BUM frame to connected devices that are associated with segment identifier.

In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a broadcast, unknown-unicast, or multicast (BUM) frame from a connected device, where the BUM frame is associated with a broadcast domain, determining a segment within the broadcast domain associated with the device, adding to the BUM frame a segment identifier that uniquely identifies the segment within the broadcast domain, and causing the BUM frame to be delivered to one or more recipient network apparatuses in a network associated with the broadcast domain, where the segment identifier added to the BUM frame is configured to be used by the one or more recipient network apparatuses to selectively forward the BUM frame to connected devices that are associated with segment identifier.

In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a broadcast, unknown-unicast, or multicast (BUM) frame from a connected device, where the BUM frame is associated with a broadcast domain, determining a segment within the broadcast domain associated with the device, adding to the BUM frame a segment identifier that uniquely identifies the segment within the broadcast domain, and causing the BUM frame to be delivered to one or more recipient network apparatuses in a network associated with the broadcast domain, where the segment identifier added to the BUM frame is configured to be used by the one or more recipient network apparatuses to selectively forward the BUM frame to connected devices that are associated with segment identifier.

Various embodiments relate to a method and apparatus for guaranteeing symmetrical delay in both directions for a Time-Division Multiplexing Pseudowire (TDM-PW) service on a packet switching network (PSN), the method including the steps of using a transport method to specify a first path including a corresponding pair of unidirectional service tunnels for the TDM PW service between a master router and a slave router, detecting a failure on either of the corresponding pair of unidirectional service tunnels of the first path between the master router and the slave router, switching the master router and the slave router to a second path including a corresponding pair of unidirectional service tunnels, resetting a jitter buffer on the master router and the slave router and adjusting the jitter buffer to a halfway point, and transmitting and receiving data using the second path including the corresponding pair of unidirectional service tunnels.

Various embodiments relate to a method and apparatus for guaranteeing symmetrical delay in both directions for a Time-Division Multiplexing Pseudowire (TDM-PW) service on a packet switching network (PSN), the method including the steps of using a transport method to specify a first path including a corresponding pair of unidirectional service tunnels for the TDM PW service between a master router and a slave router, detecting a failure on either of the corresponding pair of unidirectional service tunnels of the first path between the master router and the slave router, switching the master router and the slave router to a second path including a corresponding pair of unidirectional service tunnels, resetting a jitter buffer on the master router and the slave router and adjusting the jitter buffer to a halfway point, and transmitting and receiving data using the second path including the corresponding pair of unidirectional service tunnels.

A wireless device may utilize enhanced OBSS identification techniques to determine whether an interfering transmission is associated with an OBSS. In an example, a wireless device may receive a WLAN packet that includes a preamble and a data region. The wireless device may analyze the preamble to determine whether the WLAN packet is an OBSS packet. If the wireless device determines there is insufficient information in the preamble to identify the WLAN packet as an OBSS packet, the wireless device may decode a portion of the data region (e.g., a MAC header) to determine if the WLAN packet is an OBSS packet. Prior to declaring a successful decoding of the MAC header, the wireless device may confirm the MAC header has been received reliably. Additionally or alternatively, BSS identifiers may be included in the data region and used to determine if the WLAN packet is associated with an OBSS.

A wireless device may utilize enhanced OBSS identification techniques to determine whether an interfering transmission is associated with an OBSS. In an example, a wireless device may receive a WLAN packet that includes a preamble and a data region. The wireless device may analyze the preamble to determine whether the WLAN packet is an OBSS packet. If the wireless device determines there is insufficient information in the preamble to identify the WLAN packet as an OBSS packet, the wireless device may decode a portion of the data region (e.g., a MAC header) to determine if the WLAN packet is an OBSS packet. Prior to declaring a successful decoding of the MAC header, the wireless device may confirm the MAC header has been received reliably. Additionally or alternatively, BSS identifiers may be included in the data region and used to determine if the WLAN packet is associated with an OBSS.

A transmission apparatus includes: a first transmission unit having a first port and a second port, the first transmission unit determines whether a packet acquired from one of the ports is output from the other port or output to a connected device; a second transmission unit having a third port and a fourth port, the second transmission unit determines whether a packet acquired from one of the ports is output from the other port or output to the connected device; a bypass control unit provides bypasses between the ports of the first transmission unit and between the ports of the second transmission unit when power-off failures occur in the first and second transmission units; and a packet control unit that controls output of packets acquired by the first and second transmission units when the bypass control is performed in an adjacently connected transmission apparatus.