An image forming device includes: a print engine to form an image on a medium, a sensor to irradiate light onto the medium and to detect an amount of light transmitted through the medium, and a processor to control the print engine based on the detected transmitted light amount and temperature data.

A system is disclosed. The system at least one physical memory device to store ink estimation logic and one or more processors coupled with the at least one physical memory device, to execute the ink estimation logic to receive a histogram for each of a plurality of color planes, receive uncalibrated ink deposition data for a printing system, perform a direct conversion of the uncalibrated ink deposition data to generate first calibrated ink deposition data and generate estimated ink usage data for each of the plurality of color planes based on the histograms and the first calibrated ink deposition data.

An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device and circuitry. The image forming device forms an image on a recording medium, based on an image forming condition. The circuitry determines a position of the image formed on the recording medium by the image forming device, based on a detection signal of a pattern formed on the recording medium by the image forming device and reference position information of the pattern on the recording medium. The circuitry determines a reference position of the pattern differently depending on the image forming condition.

A printing system that performs printing includes a printing apparatus in which at least a part thereof is configured by a unit part which is a replaceable function component. The printing apparatus is controlled using a command group including a printer control command which is a command for controlling the printing apparatus and a unit inspection command which is a command used for an inspection of the unit part. At least a part of the printing apparatus is configured by a plurality of unit parts having different functions. The plurality of unit parts are configured to be inspected using the unit inspection command.

A print head includes: a mounting board; a light source portion that includes a plurality of light emitting elements provided on one surface of the mounting board; a drive member that is provided on other surface of the mounting board so as to generate a lighting signal and drive the light source portion; and a first temperature detector that is provided on the mounting board, and at least one second temperature detector that is provided at a farther position on the mounting board from the drive member than the first temperature detector; and the drive member includes: a light emitting unit that generates the lighting signal based on a temperature detected by the first temperature detector and a temperature detected by the second temperature detector; and an optical unit that forms an image of light emitted from the light emitting unit.

A management system includes: a management server; one or more image forming apparatuses that notify the management server of information on a remaining amount of toner; and one or more terminals, in which the management server makes a toner remaining amount history by combining the information on the remaining amount of toner with time and date information, detects, based on the toner remaining amount history, that toner replacement has been performed when an increase rate of the remaining amount of toner exceeds a threshold value, and determines, based on the contract value, whether the remaining amount of toner before the toner replacement is not more than the contract value when the toner replacement is detected, and notifies the one or more terminals of that the performed toner replacement corresponds to a contract violation when the remaining amount of toner before the toner replacement is more than the contract value.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an image forming control method, an image forming apparatus, and a non-transitory storage medium. The image forming control method includes acquiring job data and job parameters corresponding to the job data, where the job parameters include an image post-processing direction and a job data direction; determining a sheet feed direction based on the image post-processing direction and the job data direction in conjunction with a pre-stored corresponding relationship for characterizing a preset image post-processing direction, a preset job data direction, and a preset sheet feed direction; and based on the sheet feed direction, the job data, the job data direction, and the image post-processing direction, controlling an image forming device to perform an image forming operation, and controlling an image post-processing device to perform an image post-processing operation.

An image forming apparatus includes a scanner, a receiver, and a controller. The scanner scans a document to obtain image data representing the scanned document. The receiver receives faxed image data. The controller includes a processor and a memory, performs processing for reducing usage of a consumable material on the image data obtained by the scanner, and does not perform the processing on image data obtained from an external apparatus.

A communication apparatus determines whether to stop data reception during interpretation of the data according to a situation.

An image forming system including plural image forming apparatuses, being tandemly-arranged, and forming an image while assigning an area of a recording sheet, wherein each individual image forming apparatus including a display section which is configured to display various information and a control section which is configured to detect connecting positions of each individual image forming apparatus in the image forming system, and to control each individual display section to display a typical information based on detected results.