The present disclosure intends to provide an optical signal from an ONU according to a desired service usage state without using the ONU and an OLT. A simulated signal light generation apparatus 10 according to the present disclosure is a simulated signal light generation apparatus 10 for simulating an uplink signal light generated in an optical network unit (ONU) in a passive optical network (PON), and the apparatus includes a usage state control unit 11 that sets a service usage state of the ONU, a signal generation unit 12 that generates an uplink signal frame according to the usage state set by the usage state control unit 11, and an electrical/optical conversion unit 13 that converts an electrical signal from the signal generation unit 12 into an optical signal, and the optical signal from the electrical/optical conversion unit 13 is repeatedly transmitted to an optical fiber core 22.

A manner of managing data transmission and operating-mode transitions in a communication network. A network node having a transmitter and receiver is selectively transitioned into a Transmit state, where the Transmit state is a condition wherein the transmitter is turned on for data transmission only during timeslots provided for by a PBW (pre-allocation bandwidth) and remains off otherwise. The PBW and clock drift allowance permits the receiver to remain off during all or most of the Transmit state.

Provided is a multiplex transmission system capable of preventing occurrence of a mistake on connection of a client device to a multiplex transmission device. The multiplex transmission system includes: a detection means configured to detect new client connection that is new connection of a client device to a client port of each of a first multiplex transmission device 100 and a second multiplex transmission device 200; and a switch control unit 340 configured to control a switch unit 330 to connect a client port where new client connection is detected at a first time point in the first multiplex transmission device 100 with a client port where new client connection is detected at a second time point in the second multiplex transmission device, when a time interval between the first time point at which new client connection is detected in the first multiplex transmission device 100 and the second time point at which new client connection is detected in the second multiplex transmission device 200 is within a preset reference time, in a case where new client connection is detected in both the first multiplex transmission device 100 and the second multiplex transmission device 200.

Embodiments including methods, systems, and apparatuses for distributing, processing, and reacting to path information distributed via a service-agnostic packet fabric for the purpose of enabling path selection are disclosed. By configuring two ingress line cards to send path quality words to each other via the switch fabric, compare the path quality words, and determine whether to transmit traffic to an egress line card via the switch fabric based on the comparison of the path quality words, the embodiments enable a central switch fabric to be unaware of the paths that it carries, and enable both ingress and egress bandwidth of the switch fabric to be sized according to the facilities for which it is terminating. The switch fabric does not need to support working and protection paths simultaneously in some embodiments, allowing it to be scaled appropriately to termination facilities.

A system and computer-implemented method for providing telephony communication services for VoIP or analog telephony devices using an on-premises gateway and remotely located VoIP system are described. Some implementations of the methods may include generating a configuration file mapping a plurality of tag extensions to a plurality of analog telephone ports of a high-density analog telephony adapter (HDATA), which may be communicatively coupled to the VoIP system. The VoIP system may transmit the configuration file to the HDATA, receive a telephony service request, and determine a tag extension based on the telephony service request. The VoIP system may transmit an identification of the tag extension to the HDATA and route a telephony service to the HDATA via the communication channel using the tag extension.

The present disclosure intends to provide an optical signal from an ONU according to a desired service usage state without using the ONU and an OLT. A simulated signal light generation apparatus 10 according to the present disclosure is a simulated signal light generation apparatus 10 for simulating an uplink signal light generated in an optical network unit (ONU) in a passive optical network (PON), and the apparatus includes a usage state control unit 11 that sets a service usage state of the ONU, a signal generation unit 12 that generates an uplink signal frame according to the usage state set by the usage state control unit 11, and an electrical/optical conversion unit 13 that converts an electrical signal from the signal generation unit 12 into an optical signal, and the optical signal from the electrical/optical conversion unit 13 is repeatedly transmitted to an optical fiber core 22.

A position alignment method for wireless charging performed by a VA for position alignment with a target GA is provided. The method includes identifying states of a plurality of GAs via wireless communication with an SECC that operates the plurality of GAs and receiving, from the SECC, information regarding one or more available GAs of the plurality of GAs. A target GA based is selected on the information regarding available GAs and a wireless communication association with the target GA is performed. A procedure for position alignment approval and a procedure for authentication is executed by a request to the SECC and in response to determining that the authentication is successful, position alignment with the target GA using LF signals is performed, wherein LF signals assigned to each GA are distinguished from LF signals assigned to other GAs in a TDM scheme.

A position alignment method for wireless charging performed by a VA for position alignment with a target GA is provided. The method includes identifying states of a plurality of GAs via wireless communication with an SECC that operates the plurality of GAs and receiving, from the SECC, information regarding one or more available GAs of the plurality of GAs. A target GA based is selected on the information regarding available GAs and a wireless communication association with the target GA is performed. A procedure for position alignment approval and a procedure for authentication is executed by a request to the SECC and in response to determining that the authentication is successful, position alignment with the target GA using LF signals is performed, wherein LF signals assigned to each GA are distinguished from LF signals assigned to other GAs in a TDM scheme.

Embodiments including methods, systems, and apparatuses for distributing, processing, and reacting to path information distributed via a service-agnostic packet fabric for the purpose of enabling path selection are disclosed. By configuring two ingress line cards to send path quality words to each other via the switch fabric, compare the path quality words, and determine whether to transmit traffic to an egress line card via the switch fabric based on the comparison of the path quality words, the embodiments enable a central switch fabric to be unaware of the paths that it carries, and enable both ingress and egress bandwidth of the switch fabric to be sized according to the facilities for which it is terminating. The switch fabric does not need to support working and protection paths simultaneously in some embodiments, allowing it to be scaled appropriately to termination facilities.

Examples disclosed herein relate, in one aspect to a method. The method may include determining an input bandwidth capacity of a network device comprising a network device port coupled to a plurality of computing devices; based on the input bandwidth capacity; generating a management signal, the management signal indicating a set of output lanes for each of the plurality of computing devices and indicating a different wavelength for each of the set of output lanes of each of a plurality of computing devices; sending the management signal to the plurality of computing devices through an optical bus; and receiving, through the optical bus, an optical signal comprising, for each computing device, a set of output signals from the set of output lanes indicated by the management signal, each output signal being represented by a wavelength indicated by the management signal.