An estimating apparatus (1) according to the present invention includes a plurality of feature quantity calculating units (111 to 11n) configured to implement processing of calculating, from a communication traffic, a differing feature quantity group for each of a plurality of types of control attributes relating to communication control, the plurality of feature quantity calculating units being each associated with each of the plurality of types of control attributes, a calculating unit (12) configured to calculate, with regard to each of two or more of the plurality of types of control attributes, each of the feature quantity groups from the communication traffic by use of the feature quantity calculating unit being associated with each of the control attributes, and an estimating unit (13) configured to estimate an attribute value of each of the two or more control attributes from each of the calculated feature quantity groups.

The present disclosure provides an information transmission method, a UE and a network device, so as to solve the problem that the data transmission reliability is low when the UE accesses a network through a relay. The information transmission method includes transmitting duplicated data to a network device through one of: N relays, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; or an air interface between the UE and the network device as well as M relays, where M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

A method includes receiving, from a plurality of user devices, a plurality of requests to transmit over a wireless fidelity (WiFi) network and in response to determining that the WiFi network cannot support the plurality of requests, determining that a first request of the plurality of requests should be supported by a cellular network. The method also includes instructing a first user device of the plurality of user devices that communicated the first request to perform transmissions corresponding to the first request over the cellular network.

Improvement of data throughput via backhaul sharing is accomplished by accessing a cell site servicing data transmission at a first data rate and a connected backhaul network having a backhaul data rate. A determination of whether the first data rate exceeds the backhaul data rate is made and an excess data rate is determined. When the first data rate exceeds the backhaul data rate a neighboring cell site having a second backhaul networks is accessed. A determination is made of how much additional capacity the second backhaul network can handle. When the neighboring cell site can handle the excess data rate backhaul sharing using beamforming is initiated.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may monitor one or more first conditions pertaining to non-cellular communications between the UE and a non-cellular network while the UE is operating in a dual networking mode for steering, switching, or splitting traffic (e.g., an access traffic steering, switching, and splitting (ATSSS) mode) between the non-cellular network and a cellular network. The UE may predict an availability status of at least the non-cellular network based on at least one of the one or more first conditions. In some cases, the UE may determine whether to change dual networking modes based on the availability status and may communicate in accordance with the same or a different dual networking mode using at least one of the cellular network, the non-cellular network, or a combination thereof based on the prediction.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods and apparatuses for end-to-end flow control. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method includes: determining whether congestion happens at an IAB node; and transmitting a message to a donor node in response to determining that the congestion happens at the IAB node, wherein the message comprises at least one of: (1) a first message indicating the congestion associated with a radio link control channel; or (2) a second message indicating the congestion associated with a parent node of the IAB node.

The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for controlling interference from a controllable device. The method includes that: a target RB suffering interference from a controllable device is determined from all RBs for data transmission; a target notification message is generated, the target notification message containing an interference indication identifier and RB information of the target RB and the interference indication identifier being configured to indicate that the interference is from the controllable device; and the target notification message is transmitted to a target base station to reduce the interference from the controllable device over the target RB according to the target notification message, the target base station being a base station for providing service for the controllable device. According to the present disclosure, interference from a controllable device over a base station of a cellular network may be reduced.

A method may include receiving, at a reinforcement learning load balancer, a load metric related to available resources of a carrier. The method may also include calculating, based on the load metric, an update to carrier assignment parameters for a user. The method may further include calculating, based on the load metric, an update to uplink/downlink split proportions and resource pool split proportions. In addition, the method may include predicting an impact of the update to the carrier assignment parameters, the update to the uplink/downlink split proportions, and the update to the resource pool split proportions to the load metric. Further, the method may include communicating the update to carrier assignment parameters, the update to uplink/downlink split proportions, and the update to resource pool split proportions to one or more radio resource managers of corresponding one or more radio access technologies for application to a communication network.

A system, an apparatus, a method and a computer program product for transmission of data packets using wireless data priority services in wireless communications system. A priority level for a user equipment is determined. Based on the determined priority level for the user equipment, an admission control procedure to reserve transmission capacity for the user equipment is executed. Based on the determined priority level for the user equipment and the reserved transmission capacity, at least one data packet for transmission to and/or from the user equipment is scheduled. Based on the scheduling, the data packet is transmitted.

Method and apparatus for load balancing in a Cloud-radio access network (C-RAN) are disclosed. A method includes receiving control plane (CP) data associated with a user from a core network or a remote access point; and dispatching the CP data to a first user equipment (UE) virtualized network function component (VNFC) based on a first route.