A glazing comprises first and second busbars for connection to an electrical supply; a third busbar between the first and second busbars; plural conductors electrically connected to the first busbar; wherein a first group of the conductors extends from the first busbar to the third busbar to form a first resistor; a second group of the conductors extends from a side of the third busbar facing the second busbar and is electrically connected to the second busbar to form a second resistor; fewer conductors extend from the side of the third busbar facing the second busbar than extend from a side of the third busbar facing the first busbar; at least one gap on one side of the third busbar opposite a conductor on the other side and an information acquisition area between the third busbar and the second busbar, the at least one gap being outside the information acquisition area.

Disclosed are an anti-icing material with stealth function, a preparation method and use thereof. The anti-icing material with stealth function according to the disclosure includes an electrically insulating and thermally insulating layer, a patterned heating layer, an electrically insulating and thermally conducting layer, and a hydrophobic layer, that are disposed sequentially through stacking, wherein the patterned heating layer has a patterned hollowed-out structure.

The disclosure provides a high-frequency-reproducibility laser frequency stabilization method and device based on multi-point acquisition of laser tube temperature. The laser frequency stabilization device includes: a frequency stabilization control circuit. The frequency stabilization control circuit includes a polarizing beam splitter, an optical power conversion circuit, an A/D conversion circuit, a temperature measuring circuit, a microprocessor, a D/A converter and a heating film driver. The polarizing beam splitter is disposed outside any one of laser transmitting holes. The optical power conversion circuit is disposed on reflection and refraction optical paths of the polarizing beam splitter. The optical power conversion circuit, the A/D conversion circuit, the microprocessor, the D/A converter, the heating film driver and a plurality of groups of heating films are sequentially in one-way connection. Temperature sensors, the temperature measuring circuit and the microprocessor are sequentially in one-way connection.

An aerosol provision system including a consumable having a plurality of regions of aerosol generating material, and a heater comprising a plurality of heating elements, each heating element corresponding to a region of the plurality of regions of aerosol generating material, wherein in use the heater is arranged to controllably heat at least two of the plurality of regions of aerosol generating material to produce a personalised aerosol for inhalation.

A method and device are described to transfer a viscous functional material onto a receiving substrate. A plate is provided having a cavity surface that includes a cavity. A plurality of individually addressable resistive heater elements are provided that are in thermal contact with respective zones of the cavity. Viscous functional material is provided in the cavity with a material composition that, when sufficiently heated, generates a gas at an interface between the cavity surface in the cavity and the functional material, to transfer the functional material from the cavity by the gas generation onto the receiving substrate. Respective portions of the viscous functional material in respective zones of the cavity are heated by supplying respective ones of the plurality of individually addressable heater elements with an electric power having a respective time dependent magnitude.

An aerosol provision system for generating aerosol for user inhalation is disclosed. The aerosol provision system comprises a replaceable part comprising a substrate providing aerosol generating material for generating the aerosol for user inhalation and a reusable part comprising: a housing including an interface configured to operatively engage with the replaceable part, and an air channel configured at least partially in the housing to provide a passage of air drawn by user inhalation to receive the aerosol generated from the aerosol generating material, a detector configured to detect the passage of air drawn through the air channel; at least one aerosol generating element disposed with respect to the interface and configured, in use, to generate aerosol from the aerosol generating material, and a control circuit configured to receive a signal from the detector indicating an amount of air drawn by the user and to control the at least one aerosol generating element to generate the aerosol selectively from different regions of the aerosol generating material in response to the amount of air drawn through the air channel.

A coated article includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, a first metallic layer, a first primer layer, a second dielectric layer, a second metallic layer, a second primer layer, a third dielectric layer, a third primer layer, a third metallic layer, and a fourth dielectric layer. The total combined thickness of the metallic layers is at least 30 nanometers and no more than 60 nanometers. The article can have a sheet resistance of less than 0.85 Ω/□, a visible light reflectance of not more than 10%, and a visible light transmittance of at least 70%.

Methods and apparatus for a vaporizer device according to various aspects of the subject technology may include an atomizer and a control circuit. The atomizer may include a plurality of chambers including a first chamber and a second chamber. The atomizer may also include a plurality of heating elements including a first heating element and a second heating element. The first heating element may be configured to apply heat to the first chamber in response to being enabled, and the second heating element may be configured to apply heat to the second chamber in response to being enabled. The control circuit may be configured to sequentially enable the plurality of heating elements.

An apparatus may provide a component, such as a showerhead, a pipe, a valve manifold, or a vessel, having a printed heater affixed to an outer surface of the component. In addition, a printed temperature sensor may be affixed to the outer surface of the component. The apparatus may further provide a controller to control the power to the printed heater according to data output from the printed temperature sensor.

Aspects of the invention generally relate to a display sign heating apparatus, method of making and using the same and more particularly to a display sign for preventing or mitigating snow and icing from interfering with the display.