A fluid sensor system detects one or more performance characteristics of a heating system that heats a fluid. The sensor system includes a probe having a finite length a portion of which is to be immersed in the fluid. The probe includes a resistive heating element and a fluid temperature sensor for measuring one or more performance characteristics, wherein the fluid temperature sensor is configured to measure a fluid temperature, and the resistive heating element is operable as a heater to create a temperature differential between the fluid and air to detect the fluid, and as a sensor to measure a fluid level.

A video endoscope including: an outer cladding tube, a fiber tube accommodated in the outer cladding tube, wherein the fiber tube has a housing bounding a closed space with a distal end and a proximal end, wherein a front-side window is provided at the distal end of the fiber tube, the fiber tube having an inner tube (for accommodating an imaging sensor , and a heating foil provided between the fiber tube and the inner tube. Where, the heating foil is adapted to heat the front-side window at the distal end of the fiber tube.

A resistance heating component is to come into contact with and heat a fixing belt made of a heat resistant material, and is to be provided at a position away from a fixing area between which the resistance heating component and the fixing belt a recording material is held and conveyed, the resistance heating component including: a metal base material having a low heat capacity; and a resistance heating layer laminated on a front surface or a rear surface of the base material with an insulating layer interposed between the base material and the resistance heating layer.

A heater includes a flow guide and a plurality of electrical resistance heating elements. The flow guide defines a continuous geometric helicoid disposed about a longitudinal axis of the heater assembly. The flow guide defines a predetermined pattern of perforations that extend in a longitudinal direction through a first longitudinal length of the geometric helicoid, the longitudinal direction being parallel to the longitudinal axis. The plurality of electrical resistance heating elements extend through the perforations. At least one electrical resistance heating element of the plurality of electrical resistance heating elements has a first region with a first watt density and a second region with a second watt density. The second region is located farther in the longitudinal direction than the first region. The second watt density is less than the first watt density.

The present invention relates to a ceramic heater with improved reliability, comprising: a heater body provided with a high-frequency electrode made of a mesh type metal material, and an electrode rod connecting member that contacts the bottom surface of the high-frequency electrode; and a heater support that is mounted below the heater body and supports the heater body, wherein the high-frequency electrode comprises a first electrode member having a wire type mesh structure and a second electrode member having a sheet type mesh structure.

The present invention relates to a ceramic heater with improved reliability, comprising: a heater body provided with a high-frequency electrode made of a mesh type metal material, and an electrode rod connecting member that contacts the bottom surface of the high-frequency electrode; and a heater support that is mounted below the heater body and supports the heater body, wherein the high-frequency electrode comprises a first electrode member having a wire type mesh structure and a second electrode member having a sheet type mesh structure.

A heating apparatus for a fluid flow system having a container body includes a heater element and a strip. The heater element is within the container body and includes an electrical resistance element, a sheath, and an insulating material. The sheath extends along a predefined path through the container body and surrounds the electrical resistance element along the predefined path. The insulating material is disposed about the electrical resistance element between the electrical resistance element and the sheath. The insulating material electrically insulates the electrical resistance element from the sheath. The strip is disposed inside the container body and defines a tortuous geometry that follows the predefined path. The strip defines a plurality of openings at discrete locations along the strip. The heater element extends through the plurality of openings and is configured to contact the strip at the discrete locations.

A heating apparatus for a fluid flow system having a container body includes a heater element and a strip. The heater element is within the container body and includes an electrical resistance element, a sheath, and an insulating material. The sheath extends along a predefined path through the container body and surrounds the electrical resistance element along the predefined path. The insulating material is disposed about the electrical resistance element between the electrical resistance element and the sheath. The insulating material electrically insulates the electrical resistance element from the sheath. The strip is disposed inside the container body and defines a tortuous geometry that follows the predefined path. The strip defines a plurality of openings at discrete locations along the strip. The heater element extends through the plurality of openings and is configured to contact the strip at the discrete locations.

A non-contact heat-not-burn heating device includes a ceramic heating element and a smoking product bearing assembly. The ceramic heating element includes a heating body and a heating circuit, the heating body is cylindrical and internally provided with a porous channel, and the heating circuit is arranged on the heating body to heat air passing through the porous channel. The smoking product bearing assembly includes a preheating tube and a blocking piece, the blocking piece is arranged in a cavity defined by the preheating tube to divide the cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is used for placing the smoking product and preheating the smoking product, and the second cavity is used for placing at least one part of the ceramic heating element. At least one part of the ceramic heating element is arranged in the cavity defined by the preheating tube.

A non-contact heat-not-burn heating device includes a ceramic heating element and a smoking product bearing assembly. The ceramic heating element includes a heating body and a heating circuit, the heating body is cylindrical and internally provided with a porous channel, and the heating circuit is arranged on the heating body to heat air passing through the porous channel. The smoking product bearing assembly includes a preheating tube and a blocking piece, the blocking piece is arranged in a cavity defined by the preheating tube to divide the cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is used for placing the smoking product and preheating the smoking product, and the second cavity is used for placing at least one part of the ceramic heating element. At least one part of the ceramic heating element is arranged in the cavity defined by the preheating tube.