The invention relates to lighting emitting devices and systems comprising a luminescent composition, said luminescent composition comprising: (i) a first emitting material, said first emitting material having a host lattice doped with EU.sup.3+ ions; (ii) a second emitting material, said second emitting material having a host lattice doped with Tb.sup.3+ ions; and (iii) sensitizer material, which sensitizer material is excitable in the violet-to-blue (400 to 480 nm) wavelength range and has an emission spectrum which overlaps at least partly with one or more excitation bands of the first emitting material and with which overlaps at least partly with one or more excitation bands of the second emitting material.

A luminophore may have the general molecular formula Na.sub.vK.sub.xRb.sub.yLi.sub.zCs.sub.w (Li.sub.3SiO.sub.4)4:E, where: v+x+y+z+w = 4; 0 < v < 4; 0 < x < 4; 0 < y < 4; 0 < z < 4; 0 < w < 4; and E = Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn, or combinations thereof.

This disclosure relates to use of group 4 element codoping in a phosphor layer of activator-doped zinc sulfide of a display element, a display element, and a method for manufacturing a display element. The display element (100) comprises a first insulator layer (111), a second insulator layer (112), and a first phosphor layer (121) of activator-group 4 element codoped zinc sulfide between the first insulator layer (111) and the second insulator layer (112). The first phosphor layer (121) has an average atomic percentage of group 4 elements of at least 0.01 atomic percent.

An aromatic amine derivative represented by the following formula (1) wherein at least one of Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 is a heterocyclic group represented by the following formula (2) wherein X.sub.1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. ##STR00001##

An aromatic amine derivative represented by the following formula (1) wherein at least one of Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 is a heterocyclic group represented by the following formula (2) wherein X.sub.1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. ##STR00001##

The present invention discloses an Er doped Ga.sub.2O.sub.3 film, together with its preparation method and the application in the field of luminescence. The preparation method contains steps of: (1) the films are deposited by means of Radio-Frequency magnetron sputtering onto the heated substrates after the pre-sputtering for at least 5 minutes, selecting Er doped Ga.sub.2O.sub.3 target or Er and Ga.sub.2O.sub.3 targets, with the ambient of Ar and O.sub.2; (2) the films as prepared in step (1) are thermally treated at the temperature higher than 300° C. in the ambient of O.sub.2 or N.sub.2, in order to optically activate Er.sup.3+ and crystalize Ga.sub.2O.sub.3 hosts meanwhile, followed by natural cooling, obtaining the Er doped Ga.sub.2O.sub.3 films as described. The preparation technology of the present invention is simple, with a good process compatibility. It is believed that the present invention will be widely used in the field of silicon-based integrated light sources, semiconductor luminescence, optical communication, with broad application prospects.

A composition including a first compound including a compound represented by Formula 1, a second compound including a compound represented by Formula 2, and a third compound including a compound represented by Formula 3, and an organic light-emitting device including the composition: ##STR00001## wherein the description of Formulae 1 to 3 are the same as described in the specification.

An aromatic amine derivative represented by the following formula (1) wherein at least one of Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 is a heterocyclic group represented by the following formula (2) wherein X.sub.1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.

##STR00001##

An aromatic amine derivative represented by the following formula (1) wherein at least one of Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 is a heterocyclic group represented by the following formula (2) wherein X.sub.1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.

##STR00001##

An aromatic amine derivative represented by the following formula (1) wherein at least one of Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 is a heterocyclic group represented by the following formula (2) wherein X.sub.1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. ##STR00001##