A method for manufacturing a PV solar cells matrix array (SCMA) of mn PV solar cells that are interconnected both in parallel and and in series. The solar cells are interconnected by a flexible conductor foil, row by row, wherein each pair of adjacent rows of solar cells are conductively interconnected by a single flexible conductor foil. Hence, the SCMA of mn PV solar cells are inter connected by n-\ parallel and series connection conductors, that are preferably solder ready by either high temperature solder or by low temperature solder.

In accordance with one or more embodiments herein, a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic (PV) top module, to be used together with a PV bottom module, e.g. an SI-based PV bottom module, is provided. The method may include monolithically interconnecting a plurality of thin film based PV sub-cells, manufactured using a perovskite material and/or a CIGS material as solar absorbing material, in series on a substrate in order to create a PV top module including at least one first PV top sub-module, and arranging metal grid lines on top and bottom contact layers of the PV top module. The metal grid lines may be arranged either above or below the top and bottom contact layers of the PV top module.

In a method for manufacturing a solar cell panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, a step of forming an electrode comprises the steps of: forming a main electrode part on a conductive region; and forming a connection electrode part on the main electrode part by using a paste comprising metal particles having a first metal, a solder material having a second metal different from the first metal, and an adhesive material.

The present teachings relate to a photovoltaic packaging comprising a polymer back layer, photovoltaic cells electrically connected to each other, a polymer front layer which is transparent to light, and which is configured to be connected to the polymer back layer by means of welding, wherein the photovoltaic cells are located between the front and back layer, the front and back layer being connected to each other by means of a welded connection, such that the photovoltaic cells is completely enclosed between the front layer and the back layer by the welded connection, surrounding the photovoltaic cells, and wherein each individual cell is separated from the remaining of the photovoltaic cells by the welded connection. The present teachings also relate to a method of manufacturing, and to a solar panel.

A portable solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity generator module comprises a plurality of smart power slat (SPS) units, each SPS unit comprising a plurality of solar cells electrically connected together based on a specified cell interconnection design, and, at least one power maximizing integrated circuit collecting electricity generated by the plurality of solar cells. The plurality of SPS units are mechanically connected such that the SPS units can be retracted for volume compaction of the module, and can be expanded for increasing PV electricity generation by the module. The module can be used as part of an electric power supply with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) power optimizer, storage battery and leads to connect to a load. The load can be AC or DC.

Provided is a photoelectric conversion module capable of connecting photoelectric conversion elements with stable connection strength. The photoelectric conversion module (100) comprises a first photoelectric conversion element (10a), a second photoelectric conversion element (10b) and a connector (200). The first photoelectric conversion element (10a) and the second photoelectric conversion element (10b) are arranged side by side so as to partially overlap each other. The connector (200) is connected to the first photoelectric conversion element (10a) at a first connection portion (210). The connector (200) is connected to the second photoelectric conversion element (10b) at a second connection portion (10b) away from the first connection portion (10a).

A solar cell module includes an upper substrate, a lower substrate opposite the upper substrate, a solar cell panel positioned between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, the solar cell panel including a plurality of solar cells which are arranged in a matrix form and are connected to one another through a wiring member, a passivation layer configured to package the solar cell panel, a frame configured to surround an outer perimeter of the solar cell panel, a connection terminal configured to connect two adjacent strings in the solar cell panel, and a cover member configured to cover the connection terminal.

Systems and methods are provided for wirelessly transferring power to a multi junction photovoltaic cell of a space apparatus via a light emission system. The light emission system uses multiple lasers emitting different wavelengths and/or photon energies to produce electron-hole pairs in each layer of the multi junction photovoltaic cell to prompt power generation by the multi junction photovoltaic cell. The light emission system may be located on Earth or on another space apparatus. The multi junction photovoltaic cell can convert sunlight and the light emitted by the light emission system into electrical energy.

A solar panel array includes at least one solar panel including a transparent substrate on which are mounted photovoltaic cells. A battery is electrically connected to the at least one solar panel, and a light is electrically connected to the at least one solar panel.

A solar cell module includes a plurality of solar cells each including a semiconductor substrate, first electrodes positioned on a front surface of the semiconductor substrate, and second electrodes positioned on a back surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a plurality of wiring members connecting the first electrodes of a first solar cell of the plurality of solar cells to the second electrode of a second solar cell adjacent to the first solar cell. At least a portion of the first electrodes includes first pads each having a width greater than a width of the first electrode at crossings of the wiring members and the first electrodes. A size of at least one of the first pads is different from a size of the remaining first pads.