In one aspect, a preparation method for a bifacial solar cell utilizes a method of deposition and then bombardment to form an intrinsic silicon layer, thus enhancing an ablation resistance of a solar cell, reducing a metal composite loss and a filing coefficient, and significantly improving an efficiency of an obtained solar cell. Moreover, in the bifacial solar cell of the present disclosure, compared with a second crystalline silicon doped layer, the intrinsic silicon layer has a higher number of SiH connected to mono-hydrogen atoms, a lower number of SiH.sub.2 connected to dihydrogen atoms, and fewer carrier recombination defects in the intrinsic silicon layer, thus improving field passivation performance.

A light-emitting device may include a semiconductor body having a first conductivity type, with a front side and a back side. The light-emitting device may also include a porous-silicon region which extends in the semiconductor body at the front side, and a cathode region in direct lateral contact with the porous-silicon region. The light-emitting device may further include a barrier region of electrically insulating material, which extends in direct contact with the cathode region at the bottom side of the cathode region so that, in use, an electric current flows in the semiconductor body through lateral portions of the cathode region.

A sensor device and method of fabrication therefor. The method includes providing a partially completed semiconductor substrate having the following stacked materials: a silicon substrate, a buffer material, an n-type semiconductor material, an unintentionally doped (UID) optically absorptive material, a UID optically transparent semiconductor material, and a native insulating material. The substrate is sealed in a predetermined environment within a first carrier device, and then transferred from a first geographic location to a second geographic location. The substrate is then transferred to a second carrier device and cleaned. A dielectric material is formed overlying the substrate and patterned to form a p-type contact region and an n-type contact region. A p-type semiconductor region is formed via the p-type contact region, a p-type metal contact is formed overlying the p-type contact region, and an n-type metal contact is formed overlying the n-type contact region to form a common n-type electrode.

Methods for fabricating optically active quantum memories into quantum-grade diamond thin films and then bonding them to semiconductor substrates are described. Semiconductor substrates are optically and electronically functionalized in preparation for using a flip-chip bonding technique to bond the functionalized substrates to overgrown diamond thin films that host color centers. By purposefully growing quantum-grade diamond thin films and implanting them with color centers separately from fabrication processes that functionalize the substrates, the high quality, purity, and crystallinity of the thin films are preserved, while also allowing for further customization of the types of color centers that are implanted into the diamond.