A doped nickel oxide target includes a nickel oxide substrate and a dopant doped therein. The dopant includes at least one compound that contains one or more elements of Cu, Ca, Cr, Sn, Hg, Pb, Mg, Mn, Ag, Co, and Pr.

A semi-transparent perovskite-based photovoltaic cell (or solar cell), wherein the photoactive perovskite layer includes at least one polysaccharide-based inert polymer in an amount ranging between 0.5% by weight and 3.5% by weight, preferably ranging between 1% by weight and 3% by weight, more preferably ranging between 1.5% by weight and 2.8% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the perovskite precursors. The semi-transparent perovskite-based photovoltaic cell (or solar cell) can be advantageously used in various applications that require the production of electricity through the exploitation of light energy, in particular solar radiation energy such as, for example: building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems; photovoltaic windows; greenhouses; photo-bioreactors; noise barriers; lighting; design; advertising; automotive industry. Said semi-transparent perovskite-based photovoltaic cell (or solar cell) can be used either in a “stand alone” mode or in modular systems.

A semi-transparent perovskite-based photovoltaic cell (or solar cell), wherein the photoactive perovskite layer includes at least one polysaccharide-based inert polymer in an amount ranging between 0.5% by weight and 3.5% by weight, preferably ranging between 1% by weight and 3% by weight, more preferably ranging between 1.5% by weight and 2.8% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the perovskite precursors. The semi-transparent perovskite-based photovoltaic cell (or solar cell) can be advantageously used in various applications that require the production of electricity through the exploitation of light energy, in particular solar radiation energy such as, for example: building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems; photovoltaic windows; greenhouses; photo-bioreactors; noise barriers; lighting; design; advertising; automotive industry. Said semi-transparent perovskite-based photovoltaic cell (or solar cell) can be used either in a “stand alone” mode or in modular systems.

A photoelectric conversion element includes a base, a first electrode on or above the base, an electron-transporting layer on or above the first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer on or above the electron-transporting layer, a hole-transporting layer on or above the photoelectric conversion layer, and a second electrode on or above the hole-transporting layer. The photoelectric conversion element has a penetration portion penetrating the electron-transporting layer and the photoelectric conversion layer. The photoelectric conversion element includes, in the penetration portion, a material of the hole-transporting layer and a material of the second electrode.

A photoelectric conversion element includes a base, a first electrode on or above the base, an electron-transporting layer on or above the first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer on or above the electron-transporting layer, a hole-transporting layer on or above the photoelectric conversion layer, and a second electrode on or above the hole-transporting layer. The photoelectric conversion element has a penetration portion penetrating the electron-transporting layer and the photoelectric conversion layer. The photoelectric conversion element includes, in the penetration portion, a material of the hole-transporting layer and a material of the second electrode.

The present disclosure relates to a display substrate, a method for preparing the same, and a display device. The display substrate of the present disclosure includes a base substrate, a pixel definition layer located on the base substrate, and a first pixel and a second pixel that are adjacent to each other and defined by the pixel definition layer, in which a spacer function layer for blocking hole transport between adjacent pixels is arranged at at least a part of a contact interface between the second hole transport layer in the second pixel and the light function layer in the first pixel. By providing the spacer function layer, the present disclosure effectively prevents the migration of holes between the hole transport layers of adjacent pixels or between the hole transport layer and the light emitting layer, thereby avoiding accompanying light emission between adjacent pixels.

A solar cell 100 includes a substrate 1, a first electrode 6, an electron transport layer 2, a first photoelectric conversion layer 3, and a coating layer 5. The first photoelectric conversion layer 3 is disposed between the first electrode 6 and the substrate 1. The substrate 1 has a first main surface and a second main surface, and the second main surface has an uneven structure. The electron transport layer 2 has a first main surface and a second main surface, and the first main surface and the second main surface each have an uneven structure. The first photoelectric conversion layer 3 has a first main surface and a second main surface. The second main surface of the substrate 1 faces the first main surface of the electron transport layer 2.

A solar cell 100 includes a substrate 1, a first electrode 6, an electron transport layer 2, a first photoelectric conversion layer 3, and a coating layer 5. The first photoelectric conversion layer 3 is disposed between the first electrode 6 and the substrate 1. The substrate 1 has a first main surface and a second main surface, and the second main surface has an uneven structure. The electron transport layer 2 has a first main surface and a second main surface, and the first main surface and the second main surface each have an uneven structure. The first photoelectric conversion layer 3 has a first main surface and a second main surface. The second main surface of the substrate 1 faces the first main surface of the electron transport layer 2.

The present invention relates to a perovskite optoelectronic device and a manufacturing method therefor. The present invention allows manufacture of a perovskite optoelectronic device with high efficiency at a low cost, as well as improving the electrical conductivity of a carbon nanotube electrode, by laying graphene oxide over conventional carbon nanotubes and may also be applied to a flexible device.

The solar cell of the present disclosure includes a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, an intermediate layer, a hole transport layer, and a second electrode in this order, wherein the hole transport layer includes a hole transport material and an oxidant, the photoelectric conversion layer includes a perovskite compound containing iodine, and the intermediate layer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of bromide, chloride, and fluoride.