Provided are compounds comprising a first ligand L.sub.A; wherein L.sub.A comprises a 5-membered heterocycle joined to a metal M by a M-C or M-N bond; wherein the 5-membered heterocycle comprises at least one boron atom; wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Os, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, and Au; and wherein L.sub.A does not comprise a structure of Formula I.

##STR00001##

wherein X is B or N; with the proviso that the 5-membered heterocycle does not comprise a B—B bond; and with the proviso that if M is Pd or Pt and the 5-membered heterocycle is fused to a benzene ring, the benzene ring is not part of a 6-membered chelate ring comprising M. Also provided are formulations comprising these compounds. Further provided are OLEDs and related consumer products that utilize these compounds.

An organic electroluminescent device having high efficiency and high driving stability, and a material suitable for the organic electroluminescent device are provided. The material for organic electroluminescent devices comprises an indolocarbazole compound represented by a general formula (1). In the formula, the ring a is represented by a formula (1a), X is NR, S, O or CR.sub.2, and Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are an aromatic heterocyclic group represented by a formula (1b). Y is N or CR, and at least one is N. L.sup.1 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group. The material for the organic electroluminescent devices is suitable as material for the host of the light emitting layer or the hole blocking layer of organic EL devices.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to metal amides of general Formula Ia and for their use as hole injection layer (HIL) for an Organic light-emitting diode (OLED), and a method of manufacturing Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising an hole injection layer containing a metal amide of general Formula Ia: ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to an organic electronic device comprising a semiconductor layer which comprises a compound of formula (1).

An organometallic compound, represented by Formula 1:

M.sub.1(Ln.sub.1).sub.n1(Ln.sub.2).sub.n2  Formula 1

wherein, in Formula 1, M.sub.1 is a transition metal, Ln.sub.1 is a ligand represented by Formula 1-1, Ln.sub.2 is a ligand represented by Formula 2-1 or 2-2, n1 is 1 or 2, and n2 is 1 or 2:

##STR00001## wherein, in Formulae 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2, CY.sub.1, X.sub.21 to X.sub.28, X.sub.31, X.sub.32, R.sub.10, R.sub.31 to R.sub.37, R.sub.41 to R.sub.44, and b10 are as defined herein, and * and *′ each indicates a binding site to M.sub.1.

A novel display apparatus that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. The display apparatus includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first unit, a second unit, and a first intermediate layer; the first unit is located between the second electrode and the first electrode; and the first unit contains a first light-emitting material EM1. The second unit is located between the second electrode and the first unit and contains a second light-emitting material EM2. The first intermediate layer is located between the second unit and the first unit. The first intermediate layer includes a first layer and a second layer; the first layer is located between the second unit and the second layer; the first layer contains an organic compound having a halogen group or a cyano group or a transition metal oxide; and the second layer contains a first organic compound AM2 having an electron-accepting property, a second organic compound DM having an electron-donating property, and a third organic compound BM having basicity.

An organic photodetector including: a substrate; a first electrode arranged on the substrate; a second electrode arranged on the substrate and apart from the first electrode in a first direction crossing a direction perpendicular to the substrate; and an active layer covering the first electrode and the second electrode.

A compound comprising a first ligand L.sub.A of Formula I, ##STR00001##
is disclosed. In the structure of Formula I, ring A is a 5-membered or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; Z.sup.1-Z.sup.4 are each independently C or N; at least two consecutive Z.sup.1-Z.sup.4 are C, and are fused to a structure of Formula II ##STR00002##
or Formula III ##STR00003##
Y.sup.1; Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are each independently O, S, Se, CRR′, SiRR′, or GeRR′; each R.sup.A, R.sup.B, R.sup.C, R, and R′ is a hydrogen or a substituent; and any two substituents may be joined or fused together to form a ring. In the compound, L.sub.A is complexed to a metal M by the dashed lines in Formula I to form a five-membered chelate ring, and M has an atomic weight greater than 40. Organic light emitting devices and consumer products containing the compounds are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to an organic electronic device comprising a substrate (110), an anode layer (120), a cathode layer (190), at least one first emission layer (150), and a hole injection layer (130), wherein • - the hole injection layer comprises a metal complex, wherein • - the metal complex comprises at least one electropositive metal atom having an electro-negativity value according to Allen of less than 2.4, and • - the metal complex comprises at least one anionic ligand comprising at least 4 covalently bound atoms; • - the anode layer comprises a first anode sub-layer (121) and a second anode sub-layer (122), wherein • - the first anode sub-layer comprises a first metal having a work function in the range of > 4 and < 6 eV, and • - the second anode sub-layer comprises a transparent conductive oxide; wherein • - the hole injection layer is arranged between the first emission layer and the anode layer, • - the first anode sub-layer is arranged closer to the substrate, and the second anode sub-layer is arranged closer to the hole injection layer.

Disclosed is a device that includes an emissive material or region including a host that is doped with a first material as an emitter that is an acceptor and a phosphorescent-capable second material as a sensitizer. The first material and the second material each has a first singlet state and a first triplet state. The first triplet state of the second material is not lower than the first triplet state of the first material. The second material transfers excitons to the first material and the excitons that transition to the first triplet state of the first material can be activated to the first singlet state of the first material through a thermal activation process.