A system, methodology, and programming logic for active stormwater controls to optimize sizing and design of Hydromodification Management (HM) structural Best Management Practices (BMPs) to achieve optimal flow duration control. Control logic enables the controlled release of stormwater from a BMP in a manner most akin to pre-development flow duration curves. Inputs to this logic include: flow duration curves based on continuous hydrologic simulation for pre- and post-development conditions; real-time measurement of water level within the BMP; and real-time measurement of discharge entering the BMP. This control logic can interact with control logic for other stormwater management objectives, such as harvest and reuse, infiltration, and combined sewer overflow prevention, and respective inputs, such as real-time weather forecast data, precipitation gage data, downstream flow gauge data, and water quality data, to meet those design objectives as well. New HM BMPs can be optimized to be smaller and, thus, more feasible to implement. Existing stormwater facilities designed for flood control or other management objectives can be retrofitted to provide hydromodification control as well. When utilized with real-time flow and water level monitoring equipment and data, the flow release logic can be adaptively adjusted without physical retrofit of the BMP's outlet.

The method for preventing and controlling glacial lake outbreak flood and related debris flows by the present invention is mainly controlling the scale of the floods by separating water and rocks and dispersing its energy step by step. The cascading amplification effects of floods can be reduced by controlling the initiation of source material with energy dissipation by using ground sills, groups of piles, and placed large stones and prefabricated artificial structures. The diversion dam built in the downstream area discharge floods in different layers, which can quickly guide water to the main river. The preconstructed engineering system can be used in a timely manner to prevent and control floods and debris flows induced by a sudden outburst of glacial lakes in areas with important facilities and inhabitants enduring the risk of natural hazards. Prevention and control systems can separate floods and debris flows and dissipate their energy. The groups of ground sills and check dams gradually dissipate the energy of floods, prevent high-energy boulders, and control the initiation of source materials in the channel and bank. Moreover, the systems can also separate the water and rocks in dilute debris flows or debris flows with high bulk densities but low viscosities. The diversion dams also enhance the separation function and keep the flood and debris flow discharge in the lower and upper channel to the main river.

A method for mitigating flooding in existing coastal plain areas includes: A dyke (or dykes) is (are) set/built on seabed outside partial existing coastline of an existing coastal plain area to form an enclosed area; the enclosed area, together with the dyke(s), the reservoir inlet(s) and outlet(s), constitutes a reservoir for containing rainwater; or, part(s) of the enclosed area is (are) of a reclamation area (or reclamation areas). Before the start of forecast heavy rainfall or continuous rainfall, the water level in the reservoir is lowered in advance and the water level of water area for containing rainwater in the existing coastal plain is also pre-lowered, so effective storage capacity for containing rainwater against flooding caused by rainfall in the locality is substantially increased. The present invention is applicable for the flooding control works, reclamation works, roads and highways and their integrated works in existing coastal plain areas.

Methods, apparatus, and systems involving wastewater treatment systems are provided. Plastic grids, with first and second legs are provided. These first and second legs have distal ends separated from each other. Flat pipes are also provided for wastewater treatment systems.

According to an embodiment, a toilet device includes a detector configured to detect at least one of a water level inside a flush toilet or an indicator associated with the water level, a clog determiner determining a clog state of the flush toilet based on a detection result of the detector, and a controller determining, based on a determination result of the clog determiner, whether or not to prohibit a flushing water supply to the flush toilet. The controller sets a flush prohibition time at least after the flushing water supply to the flush toilet has ended. A flush operation for flushing the flush toilet not is accepted temporarily in the flush prohibition time. The clog determiner determines the clog state of the flush toilet based on the detection result of the detector within the flush prohibition time or directly after the flush prohibition time.

The present invention provides a low-energy coastal beach restoration method, comprising: constructing a convex beach berm, determining an aspect ratio of the beach berm edge, determining a beach face slope, performing sand replenishment, determining the dredging zone and dredging depth, and determining the steps of building a sediment groin. The present invention utilizes the feature of the convergence effect of the wave energy on the headland, artificially constructs a convex headland shaped beach berm, and determines the required beach face range and slope according to the convex beach berm edge. During beach restoration, dredging around the beach face, while reducing mud sources and increasing the nearshore water depth, it also builds a convex nearshore terrain, which effectively increases the wave energy at the restoration site and improves the coast muddy situation of low-energy coasts.

A sustainable floating and land application community based on a mass-produced modular, pre-fabricated kit of parts referred to as floating modular units (FMU) or land module units (LMU). Both modular units are designed to allow for various needs while remaining simple to deliver and assemble by hand in remote destinations prone to volatile shifts in water levels and currents. Both floating and land module units can be erected for use on land and bodies of water.

A simple shelter for flood evacuation that is lightweight and easy to carry, compact in storage, and low in cost includes a substantially cylindrical floating body formed by a plurality of floats stacked in a vertical direction, where vertically adjacent floats are connected to each other; and two partition plates provided on the inner peripheral side of the uppermost and lowermost floats, respectively, of the plurality of floats, the inner peripheral surface of the floating body and the two partition plates form a closed accommodation space for accommodating evacuees by preventing water from entering from the outside, and a door for evacuees to enter and exit the accommodation space is provided in the two partition plates.

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for regulating and controlling discharge flow of a dammed lake includes steps of: (S1) estimating a most dangerous discharge condition; (S2) based on the most dangerous discharge condition, calculating a structural internal force of the steel flexible net; (S3) based on the internal force of the steel flexible net, calculating an anti-slide embedded depth at two sides of the steel flexible net; (S4) based on the most dangerous discharge condition, manually excavating a channel; and (S5) based on the anti-slide embedded depth at the two sides of the steel flexible net, embedding the steel flexible net into a barrier dam. According to the present invention, the steel flexible net is laid on the upstream slope of the barrier dam, two sides of the steel flexible net is embedded into the slope body with gravels of the barrier dam, and cooperates with the channel for usage.

The disclosure discloses a method for constructing a pumping-injection well of a groundwater reservoir in a dump of an open-pit mine. The pumping-injection well includes a bottom pipe, intermediate pipes, and a top pipe in sequence from bottom to top connected from bottom to top. The method includes: arranging a rubble barrier around the pumping-injection well, and installing the bottom pipe of the pumping-injection well at a designed position of the pumping-injection well as a center of circle; continuing to install an intermediate pipe on the bottom pipe, and pile up a rubble pile; continuing to stack multiple intermediate pipes, and starting the construction of the groundwater reservoir; discarding discarded materials from the open-pit mine to form a dump; continuing to stack intermediate pipes to build an inverted trapezoidal surface sump around the pumping-injection well; and installing the top pipe and a well cover to form a complete pumping-injection well.