The invention discloses a biological water-quality detection method using said obstructive multi-module biological water-quality detection device. This device includes an obstruction index-selecting device and a water-quality testing device, wherein the obstruction index-selecting device is used to select a qualified or valid stepped obstruction level combination, the water-quality testing device detects the water-quality of the water body to be tested depending on the behavior at each obstruction in the valid obstruction level combination after injecting indicator organisms into the water body to be tested. The relationship between the degree of water pollution and the distribution area of indicator organisms is established and the distribution area of indicator organisms is counted in this method based on the difference between the behaviors of indicator organisms in the clean water body and the polluted water body count, so as to determine the degree of water pollution.

A comprehensive system for potential risk identification and pollution prewarning of groundwater comprises a cable laying device, a monitoring cable, and an electromagnetic retrieving device which are located in groundwater between two adjacent wells, wherein the two adjacent wells comprise a first well and a second well, the second well is located at a lower water level of the first well and communicates with the first well, the electromagnetic retrieving device is located in the second well, a plurality of sensors are arranged on the monitoring cable, and one end of the monitoring cable is connected to the cable laying device. The cable laying device comprises a device body, an anchoring module arranged at a bottom of the device body, and an electromagnetic adsorption module arranged on the device body. The monitoring cable is connected to the cable laying device after passing through the anchoring module.

A method for identifying and analyzing dissolved organic nitrogen of different sources in wastewater includes extracting DON in wastewater to obtain a DON extract, detecting mass spectrum peaks in the DON extract, pre-processing the spectral data of the wastewater sample; constructing a network relationship of the substance reaction in the wastewater sample; screening the substance reaction relationship of DON; and determining different sources of DON.

Methods of determining the presence or absence of fluorocarbon(s) on a substrate using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). A method may be used to determine the presence or absence of per- or polyfluoroalkyl substances PFASs. A method may use a porous polymer substrate. A method may use solid-phase extraction (SPE). A method may be used to determine the presence or absence of fluorocarbons in an aqueous sample. An aqueous sample may be a groundwater sample, wastewater sample, potable water sample, drinking water sample, or surface water sample. The limit of detection of fluorine in a method may be 0.05% F or less (for XPS analysis) and/or 20 ng or less on a substrate.

A remote detection apparatus to detect an oil pollutant comprises a light emitting module, an optical receiving device including a first lens, a band-pass filter, at least two second lenses and at least an optical fiber configured to receiving a reflected beam, a detector module, and a micro-controller. The apparatus further comprises a house including an optical window configured to protect the light emitting module, the optical receiving device, the detector module, and the micro-controller from harsh environmental conditions.

A fiber-optic sensing apparatus, system, and method for characterizing at least one metal ion in a solution are provided. The sensing apparatus includes a fiber-optic sensor and a controller. The sensor includes an optical fiber with tilted grating in its core, and includes a conductive and surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-active coating assembly that allows the sensor to also serve as an electrochemical working electrode. The controller is electrically connected with the sensor, configured to provide an adjustable potential such that when the coating assembly is in contact with the solution, redox reactions of each of the at least one metal ion occur on an outer surface thereof, resulting in a detectable change of the surface plasmon waves generated in the fiber-optic sensor. Based on the change thus detected, identities and/or concentration of the at least one metal ion in the solution can be determined with high accuracy and sensitivity.

A system and method for controlling microbiological growth in a water system and premise plumbing system which uses stabilized hydrogen peroxide as a disinfectant and maintains water energy matrix control. Maintenance of stable hydrogen peroxide residual in the system in combination with active temperature monitoring enables better control of the water energy matrix and reduction of hot water temperature while maintaining microbiological control.

A sump overflow protection system for use in a building having a floor and a drainage field for collecting water from the perimeter of the building. The sump overflow protection system includes a portion of the floor proximal an opening of a sump crock having a first level defining a base and wherein the rest of the bottom floor generally has a second level higher than the first level of the basin surface of the floor and communicates water overflowing the sump crock to an outlet coupled to a building drainage outlet separate from the sump crock and to be located in the basin surface of the floor and spaced a predetermined distance from the sump crock.

An electronic sensing and allocation system is provided for a distributed water infrastructure containing a plurality of differing appliances. The system may receive, from at least one sensor upstream of the plurality of differing appliances, a plurality of signals indicative of water usage within the distributed water infrastructure. The system may output a first indication of a first volume of water together with an indicator attributing the first volume of water to a first rate schedule, and output a second indication of a second volume of water together with an indicator attributing the second volume of water to a second rate schedule. The system may enable billing of the first and second volumes of water to a consumer at differing rates based on differing uses.

Disclosed is an algal bloom measuring system includes a body that floats on a water surface in a divided area, an algal bloom sensor unit disposed in the body and that generates an electric current through algae distributed in water, a controller that detects the electric current generated by the algal bloom sensor unit and determine whether algae are present, and a communication unit that transmits alga determination information of the controller to an outside.