A water sanitization cap for covering a bottle is provided. The cap may include an ultraviolet-C (“UV-C”) light emitting diode (“LED”) housing and a shell. The shell may be adjacent to a portion of the housing. The cap may also include a waterproof compartment formed within the interior of the housing. The waterproof compartment may include one wall formed at least in part from a transparent material. The cap may include a UV-C LED. The UV-C LED may be fixed within the waterproof compartment, proximal to one end of the UV-C LED housing and oriented to shine light through the transparent material. The cap may include a sensor that when activated, applies a voltage to the UV-C LED to cause the UV-C LED to emit light. The cap may include a cartridge cage that can hold a cartridge. The cartridge cage may be removably attachable to an inner surface of the shell. The waterproof compartment wall may be positioned relative to the cartridge cage such that the UV-C LED, in use, treats water within the bottle before the water flows through the cartridge cage.

A method for storing solar energy and generating electric power comprising the steps of utilizing a solar powered water treatment device (2) to convert non-potable water (3) into distillate (4) and concentrate (5), storing the distillate and the concentrate in a distillate storage tank (104) and a concentrate storage tank (105) respectively and feeding the distillate from the distillate storage tank and the concentrate from the concentrate storage tank to a salient gradient power device (106) to generate electric power.

A water treatment device comprising a clear container with lid surrounded by a solar reflector, and an insert in the form of a thin sheet or mesh permanently coated with titanium dioxide as a water sanitizing catalyst. The container is filled with non-potable water, covered with the lid, and placed in direct sunlight. Direct and reflected sunlight enters the water through the clear container and lid, where the sunlight's ultraviolet (UV) radiation and increased solar thermal heat disinfect the water. Further, the catalyst on the insert reacts with dissolved oxygen in the water to produce reactive oxygen species. These reactive species react with and decompose organic compounds in the water, and kill or inactivate pathogens. In addition, the reactive oxygen species further react with the water itself to produce additional free radical species, which also react with and decompose organic compounds and kill or inactivate pathogens.

The present invention is a method of implementing Water Disinfection System employing a Functional Mixture, copper foam catalyst, continuous flow, UV radiation, and optical receiver pipe in order to inactivate broader range of microbial contaminants in drinking water, both for emergency purification kits and larger filtration systems. The Functional Mixture is formed when the portland cement (CaO—SiO.sub.2—Al.sub.2O.sub.3) and silicon dioxide (SiO.sub.2) combination is applied to the amalgamation of porous copper foam (Cu-Foam) and silver nitrate (AgNO.sub.3) particles, which react through the silver tree reaction (Cu+2AgNO.sub.3.fwdarw.2Ag+Cu(NO.sub.3).sub.2) after spraying over a perforated mask. The high porosity Functional Mixture is placed in UV transmissive receiver pipe with optical properties. These configurations improve the coverage, efficiency, and effectiveness of reducing broader range of pathogenic microbes in water disinfection systems over prior art. Further optimizations are available for broader range of solar lighting conditions and water flow rates.

The invention relates to a portable, solar-thermal device for the treatment of drinking water from waste water, comprising an evaporation container that accommodates the waste water, a condensation apparatus having a flow connection to the evaporation container, and a separator arranged between the evaporation container and the condensation apparatus for separating and leading away the condensate obtained in the condensation apparatus. According to the invention, the separator has passage openings for the transfer of water vapor into the condensation apparatus, which is arranged on the top side of the device in the operating position of the device, and a drain opening for the condensate arising in the condensation apparatus, which drain opening can be connected to a collecting container, wherein the evaporation container, which is arranged on the bottom side of the separator, is designed as a flexible film bag.

An evaporation and condensing system having a structure including an evaporator section and a condenser section. A first nozzle system is disposed in the evaporator section. The first nozzle system is in communication with a first feed pipe disposed at least partially in the structure, the first feed pipe is adapted to be in communication with a first substance. A second nozzle system is disposed in the condenser section. The second nozzle system is in communication with a second feed pipe disposed at least partially in the structure. The second feed pipe is adapted to be in communication with a second substance. A first porous knockout panel is disposed proximate the evaporator section. A second porous knockout panel is disposed proximate the condenser section. A first substance drain is disposed in the evaporator section. A second substance drain is disposed in the condenser section.

A portable, collapsible still includes an upper reservoir for coolant water, an intermediate condensing chamber, and a lower reservoir of an aqueous solution, for example, seawater. A condenser coil is in fluid communication with the headspace in the lower reservoir above its fluid level, with the coil extending into the condenser chamber and to an external fluid port. A reflector is positioned below the lower reservoir, to reflect sunlight onto the lower reservoir to heat it. As the water vapor pressure in the lower reservoir increases as a result of the solar heating, the water vapor enters the coil, which is bathed in the lower temperature coolant water from the upper reservoir, causing the water vapor to condense inside the coil and thus be available for drinking.

The hybrid desalination system is a desalination system for seawater which uses both filtering and treatment from a reverse osmosis filter system as well as evaporative distillation for the production of potable water. The hybrid desalination system includes a recovery system, which may be a reverse osmosis system, a forward osmosis system, or a combination thereof, for at least partially desalinating a volume of saltwater and outputting a treated fluid. A boiler is in fluid communication with the recovery system for receiving the treated fluid and producing pure water by evaporative desalination. The boiler includes an internal heating coil for passing a heated working fluid therethrough. A collection tank is in communication with to the boiler for receiving the pure water. At least one solar parabolic trough is in fluid communication with the internal heating coil of the boiler for heating the heated working fluid.

The present disclosure relates to a method and device for obtaining distillate from non-potable water. The method comprises the steps of utilizing solar power from a solar power system to produce electricity and steam, utilizing the electricity and the steam in a water treatment device to convert the non-potable water into distillate and concentrate, transporting at least a part of the distillate to consumers for use. The method and device provide multiple effect distillation (MED) combined with vapour compression (VC) being able to work 24 hours a day only on solar energy.

A system may be configured to use heat energy to produce power and potable water. The system may include an organic rankine cycle (ORC) subsystem configured to receive heat energy from one or more sources and convert that heat energy into usable power. The system may also include an air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) subsystem configured to receive heat energy from the ORC subsystem and use the heat energy to convert impure water into potable water.