A working cylinder is provided, comprising at least one disc-like displacer (120) rotatably supported in a cylindrical block (114), which displacer (120) is arranged between two annular flanges (110) extending radially inwards from said block (114) on each sides of said displacer (120) such that said displacer (120) will be arranged in parallel with said flanges (110) upon rotation, wherein at least one of said flanges (110) comprises a plurality of sections including a first section (112a) having a first temperature, a second section (112b) having a second temperature being lower than said first temperature, and two insulating sections (112c, 112d) completely preventing contact between said first section (112a) and said second section (112b), and wherein said displacer (120) comprises a cutout (122) for rotating a volume of working fluid across the sections (112), which cutout is dimensioned such that for every rotational position it does not overlap the first section (112a) and the second section (112b) at the same time.

A lubrication system in an internal combustion engine is provided. The lubrication system includes a crankshaft bearing supporting a crankshaft, a supply line including an outlet flowing oil to the crankshaft bearing and an inlet receiving oil from an oil gallery, and thermal insulation at least partially surrounding at least a portion of an inner wall of the supply line and/or the oil gallery.

To produce a combined service brake cylinder and spring-loaded brake cylinder for a vehicle brake system, force-actuation path characteristic curves of the brake system with the elements that can be actuated by a storage spring of the spring-loaded cylinder are measured/recorded under different operational conditions. Force-actuation characteristic curves of different storage springs for use in the spring-loaded cylinder are also measured/recorded. The minimum necessary actuation stroke of the piston of the spring-loaded cylinder and the minimum necessary spring force for a storage spring to effect a parking brake function are determined by the intersection of the force-actuation curves of the brake system with those of the storage springs. The storage spring that generates a sufficient actuation force under certain operating conditions and the dimensions resulting from the smallest possible piston actuation stroke are selected for producing the combined service brake cylinder and spring-loaded cylinder.

An assembly method is provided by orienting a cylinder-head at a first orientation. A first plurality of spring caps and a first plurality of retainer keys are installed into the cylinder-head in the first orientation by a first robot. A first plurality of valves is installed into the cylinder-head in the first orientation by a second robot, into engagement with the first plurality of retainer keys. An end effector is provided with an actuator supported upon an adapter plate. A shaft extends from the actuator with a mating surface to engage a spring cap. Porting is provided through the shaft to convey pressurized air upon a plurality of retainer keys within the spring cap. A plurality of gripper fingers extend from the distal end of the shaft to grip a valve spring while retaining a spring cap between the valve spring and the mating surface of the shaft.

A modular intake manifold for a V-style motor cycle engine is configured to interface with manifold ports on cylinder heads of a first engine and with manifold ports on cylinder heads of a second engine. The first engine has cylinders of a first length, and the second engine has cylinders of a second length larger than the first length. The manifold port of each cylinder head of the first engine is offset from the centerline of the respective cylinder bore by a first offset distance. The manifold port of each cylinder head of the second engine is offset from the centerline of the respective cylinder bore by a second offset distance that is greater than the first offset distance. A method includes manufacturing the first cylinder and second cylinders, the first and second cylinder heads, and the intake manifold with the respective same considerations.

A method for adjusting the volume of the combustion chamber of an engine with high accuracy is provided. A cylinder head (200) of an engine includes a recess (204) constituting part of the combustion chamber of the engine, and a mating surface (202) for a cylinder block. The method for adjusting the volume of the combustion chamber includes measuring a plurality of portions of the surface of the recess (204) and a plurality of portions of the mating surface (202) by using a displacement meter, calculating differences between the respective measurement values of the mating surface (202), and the design shape of the mating surface (202) in a state in which the design shape of the surface of the recess (204) is fitted with respect to the respective measurement values of the recess (204), and deciding the cutting amount of the mating surface (202) based on the calculated differences and cutting the mating surface (202) by the decided cutting amount.

A rotary head plate having a first precision surface and a second precision surface. The rotary head plate mounted to the first sub fixture. A second sub fixture being able to freely rotate with the rotary head plate when rotated. A tailstock plate mounted to the second sub fixture. The tailstock plate having a first precision surface and a second precision surface, A first head plate attached to the first precision surface of the rotary head plate and the first precision surface of the tailstock plate. A second head plate attached to the second precision surface of the rotary head plate and the second precision surface of the tailstock plate. The first head plate and second head plate adapted to each receive two cylinder heads. The first head plate and second head plate each including at least one cylinder head opening.

Two cylinder heads are disposed side by side. Upper side intake valve holes of one of the cylinder heads and upper side exhaust valve holes of the other of the cylinder heads are simultaneously machined by a multi-spindle head integrally including intake side tools and exhaust side tools. After moving the one of the cylinder heads upward by a pitch of the intake valves and moving the other of the cylinder heads upward by a pitch of the exhaust valves, remaining intake valve holes of the one of the cylinder heads and remaining exhaust valve holes of the other of the cylinder heads are simultaneously machined.

A method for assembling a module for a motor vehicle engine in which the components, such as e.g. cams, sensor wheels etc., which are to be attached to the support shaft, are positioned, prior to insertion of the support shaft, merely at those axial positions that do not correspond to the axial positions occupied by these components on the fully constructed camshaft.

In order to adjust the volume of the combustion chamber with high accuracy, a cylinder head 200 includes a recess 204 constituting part of the combustion chamber of the engine and a mating surface for a cylinder block. The recess 204 includes a plurality of openings to which a plurality of specific members are attached respectively. The mating surface 202 is formed to have a cutting stock with respect to three-dimensional shape data of the cylinder head 200 designed to have a target combustion chamber volume. The adjusting method further comprises measuring the surface shape of the recess and the shape of the mating surface around the recess by successively changing the irradiation position of a laser beam using a line laser displacement meter. The adjusting method further comprises removing data of regions equivalent to the plurality of openings from measurement data by comparing the measurement data obtained by the line laser displacement meter with the three-dimensional shape data. The adjusting method still further comprises: calculating the volume of the recess 204 based on the measurement data from which the regions equivalent to the plurality of openings are removed; and deciding the cutting amount of the mating surface 202 by comparing the calculated volume of the recess 204 with a volume of the recess 204 based on the three-dimensional shape data.