Isocyanate-polyamide block copolymers

Abstract

A thermoplastic polyamide can be obtained through the reaction of at least the components (i), (ii), and (iii), where a catalyst having a Lewis base component is used in the reaction. Component (i) is a composition containing a polymeric compound having two carboxylic acid moieties; component (ii) is a dicarboxylic acid composition containing at least one dicarboxylic acid; and component (iii) is a diisocyanate composition containing at least one diisocyanate. A process can be used for producing the thermoplastic polyamide and a method for the use thereof. A tandem reactive extruder can be used for the reaction.

Claims

1-14. (canceled)

15: A thermoplastic polyamide obtainable or obtained through the reaction of at least the components (i), (ii), and (iii): (i) a composition comprising a polymeric compound having two carboxylic acid moieties: (ii) a dicarboxylic acid composition comprising at least one dicarboxylic acid; and (iii) a diisocyanate composition comprising at least one diisocyanate, wherein a catalyst having a Lewis base component is used in the reaction, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of N-methylimidazole, melamine, guanidine, cyanuric acid, dicyandiamide, and mixtures thereof, wherein the polymeric compound having two carboxylic acid moieties comprises at least HOOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.xCOO-PTHF-OOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.y—COOH, wherein PTHF is polytetrahydrofuran, and wherein x and y are independently an integer in the range from 1 to 10.

16: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 15, wherein the polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) has a number-average molecular weight Mn in the range from 500 to 3000 g/mol.

17: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 15, wherein the dicarboxylic acid composition comprises at least one dicarboxylic acid.

18: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 15, wherein the diisocyanate composition comprises at least one diisocyanate selected from the group consisting of 2,2′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (2,2′-MDI), 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (2,4′-MDI), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4,4′-MDI), hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate (HDI), 4,4′-, 2,4′-, and 2,2′-methylenedicyclohexyl diisocyanate (H12MDI), naphthylene diisocyanate NDI, tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), tolidine diisocyanate (TODI), and para-diphenyl diisocyanate (PDI).

19: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 15, wherein no compound having free hydroxyl groups is used in the reaction of the components (i), (ii), and (iii).

20: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 15 obtainable or obtained through the reaction of at least the components (i), (ii), and (iii): (i) a diisocyanate composition comprising at least MDI; (ii) a polyester dicarboxylic acid or polyether dicarboxylic acid composition comprising at least HOOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.xCOO-PTHF-OOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.y—COOH, wherein x and y are independently an integer in the range from 1 to 10, and (iii) a dicarboxylic acid composition comprising at least adipic acid.

21: A process for producing a thermoplastic polyamide, the process comprising: reacting at least the following components: (i) a composition comprising a polymeric compound having two carboxylic acid moieties; (ii) a dicarboxylic acid composition; and (iii) a diisocyanate composition, wherein a catalyst having a Lewis base component is used in the reaction, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of N-methylimidazole, melamine, guanidine, cyanuric acid, dicyandiamide, and mixtures thereof, wherein the polymeric compound having two carboxylic acid moieties comprises at least HOOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.xCOO-PTHF-OOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.y—COOH, wherein PTHF is polytetrahydrofuran, and wherein x and y are independently an integer in the range from 1 to 10.

22: The process according to claim 21, wherein the PTHF has a number-average molecular weight Mn in the range from 500 to 3000 g/mol; and/or wherein the dicarboxylic acid composition comprises at least one dicarboxylic acid; and/or wherein the diisocyanate composition comprises at least one diisocyanate selected from the group consisting of 2,2′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (2,2′-MDI), 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (2,4′-MDI), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4,4′-MDI), hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate (HDI), 4,4′-, 2,4′-, and 2,2′-methylenedicyclohexyl diisocyanate (H12MDI), naphthylene diisocyanate NDI, tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), tolidine diisocyanate (TODI), and para-diphenyl diisocyanate (PDI).

23: The process according to claim 21, wherein no compound having free hydroxyl groups is used in the reaction of the components (i), (ii), and (iii).

24: The process according to claim 21, wherein the reaction of the components (i), (ii), and (iii) takes place in a reactive extruder apparatus comprising at least two extruders.

25: A thermoplastic polyamide obtained or obtainable by the process according to claim 21.

26: A method of producing a molded body, an injection-molded product, an extrusion product, a film, an extruded foam, or a foam article, the method comprising: forming the molded body, the injection-molded product, the extrusion product, the film, the extruded foam, or the foam article with the thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 15, wherein the article is selected from the group consisting of a tubing, a cable sheathing, a footwear sole, a footwear sole component, an item of sports equipment, and a damping element.

27: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 16, wherein the polymeric compound having two carboxylic acid moieties comprises at least HOOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.xCOO-PTHF-OOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.y—COOH, wherein x and y are independently an integer in the range from 1 to 5.

28: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 16, wherein the polymeric compound having two carboxylic acid moieties comprises at least HOOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.2COO-PTHF-OOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.2—COOH.

29: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 17, wherein the dicarboxylic acid composition comprises a dicarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 dicarboxylic acids.

30: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 17, wherein the dicarboxylic acid composition comprises 1,6-hexanedioic acid (adipic acid).

31: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 19, wherein the components (i), (ii), and (iii) do not contain free hydroxyl groups.

32: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 19, wherein the components (i), (ii), and (iii) do not contain free hydroxyl groups and no further components having free hydroxyl groups are used.

33: The thermoplastic polyamide according to claim 20, wherein the polyester dicarboxylic acid or polyether dicarboxylic acid composition comprises at least HOOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.2—COO-PTHF-OOC—(CH.sub.2).sub.2—COOH.

34: The process according to claim 24, wherein the reaction of the components (i), (ii), and (iii) takes place in a tandem reactive extruder.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURE

[0192] FIG. 1 shows a reactive extruder having a tandem assembly of two extruders, with each extruder having a multiplicity of separate, temperature-controllable heating elements (tandem reactive extruder). The tandem reactive extruder comprises a first, zoned, temperature-controllable extruder (extruder 1) that includes the at least one extruder screw (not shown), a jacket covering the at least one extruder screw, and at least two zones comprising a first zone (1-1), a second zone downstream of the first zone (1-2), and an outlet in the second zone; and a second, zoned, temperature-controllable extruder (extruder 2), with extruder 2 including an extruder screw (not shown), a jacket covering the one extruder screw, and at least three zones comprising a first zone (2-1), a second zone downstream of the first zone (2-2), a third zone downstream of the second zone (2-3), and an inlet in the third zone; and an extruder die head downstream of the third zone (2-E), with the inlet in the third zone of the second extruder 2 being connected to the outlet in the second zone of the first extruder 1 (D). The first extruder has inlet orifices in the first and second zones through which materials are (able to be) added. The second extruder likewise has inlet orifices in at least the first and second zones through which materials are (able to be) added. The connection linking the inlet in the third zone of the second extruder 2 and the outlet in the second zone of the first extruder 1 (1-2) allows the substance (mixture) obtained in the second zone of the first extruder 1 to pass into the third zone of the second extruder 2 (2-3), where it comes into contact with the substance (mixture) from the second extruder 2 obtained in the second and/or third zone and is preferably mixed there. Additionally shown for the first extruder 1 is a further zone (X) downstream of the first zone and upstream of the second zone, with the first zone (1-1) and zone (X) representing a melting zone (1-A). The further part of extruder 1 leading from (1-2) is the initial mixing zone (1-B). In the second extruder a mixing zone (2-B) is shown; also shown is a reaction zone (2-C) leading from the inlet/leading from the connection between the outlet from the first extruder and the inlet of the second extruder (D). Discharge, i.e. extrusion, of the resulting thermoplastic polyamide takes place via the extruder die head (2-E) of the second extruder 2.

CITED LITERATURE

[0193] EP 2 700 669 A1 [0194] “Kunststoffhandbuch” [Plastics Handbook], volume 7, “Polyurethane” [Polyurethanes], Carl Hanser Verlag, 3rd edition, 1993, chapter 3.1