Polyurethane elastomer composition and bearing material

Abstract

Provided are a polyurethane elastomer composition excellent in the abrasion resistance and swelling resistance, and a bearing material formed of the polyurethane elastomer composition. The polyurethane elastomer composition contains a polyurethane elastomer of 100 parts by mass, polyethylene wax of 325 parts by mass, and paraffin wax of 110 parts by mass. Further, preferably the polyurethane elastomer composition contains a cobalt based compound of 0.110 parts by mass.

Claims

1. A polyurethane elastomer composition, comprising a polyurethane elastomer of 100 parts by mass, polyethylene wax of 325 parts by mass, and paraffin wax of 110 parts by mass.

2. The polyurethane elastomer composition according to claim 1, further comprising a cobalt based compound of 0.110 parts by mass.

3. A bearing material, formed of the polyurethane elastomer composition according to claim 1.

4. A bearing material, formed of the polyurethane elastomer composition according to claim 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(1) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. Note, the mark of used herewith means that numerals described before and after the mark are included as a lower limit and an upper limit.

(2) First, the present inventors have focused on additives for providing a polyurethane elastomer composition with abrasion resistance. Hereby, it was found that polyethylene wax has superior miscibility with a polyurethane elastomer to ester based wax and amide based wax, and effectively decreases a coefficient of dynamic friction and a friction depth of the polyurethane elastomer. However, it was also found that polyethylene wax does not always have enough performance in the abrasion resistance which has been targeted by the present invention.

(3) Hence, the present inventors have investigated additives further serving improvement in the abrasion resistance of the polyurethane elastomer. That investigation resulted in findings that use of paraffin wax in a predetermined formulation effectively works for achievement of the improvement. It is construed herein that paraffin wax has a function contributing to performance of the polyurethane elastomer, for example, abrasion resistance thereof via bleeding of paraffin wax itself on a surface of the polyurethane elastomer. Further, the present inventors have also found out that a cobalt based compound is an effective additive for more drastically improving a level of the friction depth.

(4) A polyurethane elastomer composition of the present invention includes a polyurethane elastomer, polyethylene wax and paraffin wax. Hereinafter, the respective components forming the polyurethane elastomer composition will be described more specifically.

(5) (Polyurethane Elastomer)

(6) The polyurethane elastomer is produced by a reaction between a diisocyanate and a compound having 2 or more active hydrogens such as a polyol and a diamine compound.

(7) Generally, a polyol is used for a compound having 2 or more active hydrogens. Such a polyol includes various types of polyols, for example, a polyester based polyol, a polyether based polyol, a polycarbonate based polyol, a silicone based polyol, a 1,4-polybutadiene based polyol, a 1,2-polybutadiene based polyol, and a caster-oil based polyol. Those polyols are appropriately used alone or via mixed in combination.

(8) Examples of the polyol include a polycaprolactone polyol produced by a ring-opening polymerization of caprolactone; a polyester polyol produced by a condensation reaction between a dibasic acid and a glycol; and a polyether polyol such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polycarbonate polyol and polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG). Among those polyols, preferably used are polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) and a polycaprolactone polyol.

(9) Preferably, the polyol has a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 5004000, more preferably 10003000. Further, preferably the polyol has hydroxy groups having the number of 30150, and more preferably 40100.

(10) The diisocyanate includes, for example, aromatic diisocyanates such as o-tolidine diisocyanate, 3,3-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4-diisocyanate (TODI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polymeric MDI, 1,2-diphenylethane diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate and 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate; aliphatic diisocyanates such as tetramethylene diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI); and alicyclic diisocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate and hydrogenated XDI. Those diisocyanates are used alone or via mixed in combination. Among those diisocyanates, preferably used are tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI).

(11) (Polyethylene Wax)

(12) Polyethylene wax is a polyethylene with a low molecular weight. Polyethylene wax having a melting point of 45 C.110 C. is preferably used. The polyethylene wax may be modified polyethylene wax or oxidized polyethylene wax partially oxidized. The polyethylene wax may be available as a commercial product including, for example, Mitsui Hi-Wax (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.), Sunwax (Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.), Epolene (Eastman Chemical Company), Alliedwax (Allied Signals Co.), and ETA-1 (Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd.).

(13) The polyethylene wax of 325 parts by mass, preferably 520 parts by mass is blended per polyethylene elastomer of 100 parts by mass. When the blended amount of the polyethylene wax is smaller than the above defined range, the friction depth tends to be increased. On the contrary, when the blended amount thereof is greater than the above defined range, the hardness of material is remarkably decreased, whereby the polyurethane elastomer composition fails to exert sufficient performance as a shaft bearing.

(14) (Paraffin Wax)

(15) Paraffin wax is a general term of linear saturated hydrocarbons having 20 or more carbon atoms, and solid at ambient temperature. The paraffin wax is poor in miscibility with the polyurethane elastomer, which facilitates bleeding on a surface of a molded product.

(16) The paraffin wax of 110 parts by mass, preferably 37 parts by mass is blended per polyurethane elastomer of 100 parts by mass. When, the blended amount of the paraffin wax is smaller than the above defined range, the friction depth tends to be increased. On the contrary, when the blended amount thereof is greater than the above defined range, the miscibility of the polyurethane elastomer with the paraffin wax is insufficient. The insufficient miscibility tends to increase the friction depth.

(17) (Cobalt Based Compound)

(18) Hardness of a cobalt based compound is high so that the compound is excellent in abrasion resistance and heat resistance. Such a cobalt based compound includes, for example, tricobalt tetraoxide, (Co.sub.3O.sub.4), cobalt sulfate (CoSO.sub.4), and cobalt chloride (CoCl.sub.2) or the like. Addition of those cobalt based compounds is effective for improving the abrasion resistance of the polyurethane elastomer. Preferably, the cobalt based compound of 0.110 parts by mass, more preferably 0.55 parts by mass is blended per polyurethane elastomer of 100 parts by mass.

(19) When the blended amount of the cobalt based compound is smaller than the above defined range, the abrasion loss tends to be increased. On the contrary, when the blended amount of the cobalt based compound is greater than the above defined range, poor dispersion is caused. The poor dispersion may damage an opposite material like a shaft and so on.

(20) (Polyurethane Elastomer Composition)

(21) When a molded product of the polyurethane elastomer is produced, performed is a method having the steps of producing beforehand a linear prepolymer via polymerization between a polyol and a diisocyanate, and preparing a molded product via using the linear prepolymer.

(22) More specifically, a chain extender (i.e., a curing agent) is added to the prepolymer thus prepared in advance, and the resulting mixture is injected into a heated mold or the like, thereby cross-linking and curing the mixture. As a result, a molded product of the polyurethane elastomer is produced.

(23) A prepolymer of the polyurethane elastomer can be prepared under the conditions of heating a mixture of the polyol and diisocyanate at about 80 about 150 C. for about 10 minabout 2 hr.

(24) Here, a prepolymer of the polyurethane elastomer is commercially available, and therefore a commercial product may be used for the above production method. Such a commercial product includes, for example, ADIPRENE LF (Chemchura Co.), VULKOLLAN and Bitec (Bayer AG), and Echelon (Dow Chemical Company).

(25) As for a chain extender, diols applied to preparation of polymers other than a polycarbonate are utilized including, for example, a mixture of one or more types of glycols having 46 carbon atoms such as 1,4-butandiol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,3-butandiol and trimethylolpropane; or a mixture of one or two types of glycols having a side chain such as a methyl group and an ethyl group. Among those mixtures, preferably used is a mixture of 1,4-butandiol and trimethylolpropane. For example, a mixture of 1,4-butandiol and trimethylolpropane having the mole rate of 80:2099:1 is preferably used. Further, the chain extender is preferably used at the content of 120 mass % per total amount of the polyurethane elastomer composition.

(26) Moreover, as for the chain extender, used are an aliphatic amine compound, an aromatic amine compound, and a mixture thereof. For example, such a chain extender includes aliphatic amines such as ethylenediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutan, hexa-methylenediamine, aminoethanolamine, 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, isophoronediamine (IPDA), and triethylenetetramine. Preferably, the chain extender includes aromatic amines, for example, 3,3-dichloro-4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane (MOCA), 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene, 1,5-naphthalenediamine, 1,4-phenylenediamine, 1,4-diaminobenzene, 4,4-methylenebisdianiline (MDA), 3,5-diethyl-2,4-diaminotoluene, 3,5-diethyl-2,4-diamine-toluene, diethyltoluenediantine (DETDA), tri-methyleneglycol diaminobenzoate (TMGDAB), 4,4-methylenebis (3-chloro-2,6-diethyl-aniline) (MCDEA), and 3,3,5,5-tetraisopropyl-4,4-methylene-bisaniline.

(27) Such a chain extender may be available as a commercial product. Examples of the commercial product include, for example, 1,4-BD [Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, (1,4-butanediol)], ND [KURARAY CO., LTD., (1,9-nonanediol), and TMP [Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc., (trimethylolpropane)].

(28) Here, the polyurethane elastomer composition may be appropriately blended with a filler, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a lubricant, and an anti-oxidant besides the above respective components as necessary.

(29) A molded product of the polyurethane elastomer composition may be further subjected to secondary cross-linking under the conditions of 100150 C. for 524 hr after being molded.

(30) Hardness of the polyurethane elastomer composition is not specifically limited. However, hardness thereof is preferably set to 6070 of the JIS K6253 D hardness as long as the composition is applied to a shaft bearing or the like.

(31) Cross-linking and curing the polyurethane elastomer composition may afford dimensional stability, thereby to improve swelling resistance thereof. Further, it is presumed that combined blending of the polyethylene wax and paraffin wax thus listed above contributes to improvement in the swelling resistance against water.

(32) The polyurethane elastomer composition of the present embodiment is excellent in the abrasion resistance and swelling resistance. Therefore, the polyurethane elastomer composition is suitable for application to a bearing material or the like for a propeller shaft of ships and so on.

EXAMPLES

(33) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail referring to the following Examples.

Example 1

(34) To ADIPRENE LF 750D (Chemchura Corporation) of 100 parts by mass, added were polyethylene wax (ETA-1, Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) of 13.1 parts by mass and paraffin wax (Paraffin Wax 120, NIPPON SEIRO CO., LTD.) of 5.9 parts by mass, and the resulting mixture was preliminary stirred for 2 min. Then, 3,3-dichloro-4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane (hereinafter, referred to as MOCA) of 27 parts by mass was added as a chain extender to the mixture, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 45 sec. After that, the mixture was poured into a mold preliminary heated at 120 C. so as to be molded. After released from the mold, the resultant product was heat-treated at 115 C. for 15 hr, thereby to produce a molded product of the polyurethane elastomer composition. Note, ADIPRENE LF 750D is a prepolymer of polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) and tolylenediisocyanate (TDI).

Example 2

(35) A molded product of the polyurethane elastomer composition was produced the same as in Example 1 except that tricobalt tetraoxide (ISE CHEMICAL CORPORATION) of 1.2 parts by mass was further added to the polyurethane elastomer composition of Example 1.

Comparative Example 1

(36) To ADIPRENE LF 750D (Chemchura Corporation) of 100 parts by mass, added was polyethylene wax (ETA-1, Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) of 3.9 parts by mass, and the resulting mixture was preliminary stirred for 2 min. Then, MOCA of 27 parts by mass was further added to the mixture, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 45 sec. After that, the mixture was poured into a mold preliminary heated at 120 C. so as to be molded. After released from the mold, the resultant product was heat-treated at 115 C. for 15 hr, thereby to produce a molded product of the polyurethane elastomer composition.

Comparative Example 2

(37) A molded product of the polyurethane elastomer composition was produced the same as in Comparative Example 1 except that the content of polyethylene wax (ETA-1, Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) of Comparative Example 1 was changed to 22.4 parts by mass.

Comparative Example 3

(38) A molded product of the polyurethane elastomer composition was produced the same as in Comparative Example 1 except that the content of polyethylene wax (ETA-1, Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) of Comparative Example 1 was changed to 7.4 parts by mass, and paraffin wax (Paraffin Wax 120, NIPPON SEIRO CO., LTD.) of 15 parts by mass was further added to the composition.

(39) (Evaluation of Physical Properties)

(40) The molded products of the polyurethane elastomer compositions thus obtained were evaluated in physical properties by collecting test pieces from the molded products, respectively.

(41) <Evaluation Items>

(42) 1. Ordinary Physical Properties

(43) (1) Hardness: based on JIS K6253:2012, hardness was measured by using a type D durometer.

(44) (2) Tensile properties: based on JIS K6251:2010, tensile strength (Mpa) and an elongation at break (%) were measured by using a test piece in the dumbbell shaped type 5.

(45) 2. Abrasion Resistance Properties

(46) Following JIS K7218:1986, the Suzuki-type friction and abrasion test was conducted by Method A (ring vs. disk). A coefficient of dynamic friction and a friction depth (i.e., friction loss) were measured by setting the opposite material to SUS304 and under the sliding conditions of 139 mm/s2 Mpa in water.

(47) Results of the coefficient of dynamic friction were determined as follows: Excellent when the coefficient was less than 0.14, Good when the coefficient was 0.14 or more and less than 0.16, Poor when the coefficient was 0.16 or more and less than 0.17, and Bad when the coefficient was 0.17 or more.

(48) Further, results of the friction depth were determined as follows: Excellent when the depth was less than 20 m, Good when the depth was 20 m or more and less than 50 m, Poor when the depth was 50 m or more and less than 100 m, and Bad when the depth was 100 m or more.

(49) 3. Swelling Resistance Property

(50) The swelling resistance property was evaluated following JIS K6258:2003. A test piece with a size of 292 mm was prepared, and the test piece was immersed in warm water at 50 C. for 72 hr. Then, volumes before and after the immersion were measured to give a volume change rate (%).

(51) Results of the volume change rate were determined as follows: Excellent when the rate was less than 1.0%, Good when the rate was 1.0% or more and less than 1.2%, Poor when the rate was 1.2% or more and less than 1.5%, and Bad when the rate was 1.5% or more.

(52) Results of the evaluation were listed in Table 1.

(53) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Comparative Comparative Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Blending Prepolymer PTMG/TDI Pts. Mass 100 100 100 100 100 Composition Chain MOCA Pts. Mass 27 27 27 27 27 Extender Polyethylene Wax Pts. Mass 13.1 13.1 3.9 22.4 7.4 Paraffin Wax Pts. Mass 5.9 5.9 15 Tricobalt Tetraoxide Pts. Mass 1.2 Physical Hardness D66 D66 D70 D65 D63 Properties Tensile Mpa 40.6 38.7 57.3 40.5 36.6 Strength Elongation at % 170 180 260 210 170 Break Evaluation Abrasion Coefficient of 0.15 0.13 0.17 0.16 0.15 Resistance Dynamic Friction Result Good Excellent Bad Poor Good Abrasion m 40 10 1500 129 100 Depth Result Good Excellent Bad Bad Bad Swelling Volume % 1.0 1.0 1.7 1.4 0.4 Resistance Change Rate Result Good Good Bad Poor Excellent

(54) The results in Table 1 revealed the following features.

(55) Comparison analyses of Example 1 to Comparative Examples 1 and 2 demonstrate that combined use of the polyethylene wax and paraffin wax realizes not only a great increase in the abrasion resistance but also improvement in the swelling resistance. Further, the comparison analyses of Example 1 to Example 2 demonstrate that combined use of the polyethylene wax and paraffin wax and additional blending of tricobalt tetraoxide realize a further increase in the abrasion resistance.

(56) In contrast, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 where no paraffin wax was blended show the inferior abrasion resistance and slightly inferior swelling resistance. Comparative Example 3 where the blended amount of paraffin wax was large shows that the swelling resistance was excellent, while the abrasion resistance was inferior.