Fe3C-DOPED GRADED POROUS CARBON POLYMER POTASSIUM ION ANODE MATERIAL, PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. In the method, previously prepared Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 is added into phenylamine, pyrrole, thiophene and cellulose acetate solutions, the above mixture is evaporated at the low temperature of 65-100° C., and then the evaporated product is calcinated to obtain a potassium battery anode material. This material consists of carbon nano sheets having different pore diameters, and has a graded porous structure of micropores, mesopores and macropores. Physical characterization results show that this material has the characteristics of large interlayer spacing, high specific surface area, rich defects and the like; electrochemical testing results show that this material has high reversible capacity and excellent cycle stability and rate performance.

Claims

1. A Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material, wherein Fe.sub.3O.sub.2 prepared by iron nitrate is added into a plurality of polymers, the above mixture is evaporated at the low temperature of 65-100° C., and then the evaporated product is calcinated to obtain a potassium battery anode material.

2. A method for preparing a Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material, comprising the following steps: (1) weighing 1-2 g of iron nitrate (Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3), 0.2-2.2 g of lithium nitrate ((LiNO.sub.3) and 0.5-1.5 g of lithium hydroxide (LiOH), evenly stirring, then performing hydrothermal reaction for 550-720 min at 150-180° C., washing a product with deionized water, and drying in vacuum for later use; and (2) preparing a certain mass or volume of polymer monomers into solution, then adding the above product into the solution, stirring, then evaporating at a lower temperature of 65-100° C., finally calcinizing for 2-5 h under the protection of nitrogen at 650-850° C., grinding into powders to obtain the Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material.

3. The Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of polymers are preferably one or more of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene and cellulose acetates.

4. The Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material according to claim 2, wherein in the hydrothermal process, the temperature is maintained at 150-180° C., and the reaction lasts for 550-720° C.

5. The Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material according to claim 2, wherein in the heating process, the temperature rising rate is 2-10° C..Math.min.sup.−1, the temperature is maintained at 650-850° C., and the heat preservation time is 2-5 h; more preferably, the temperature rising rate is 2-5° C..Math.min.sup.−1, the temperature is maintained at 750-850° C., and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h.

6. Application of the Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material prepared by the method according to claim 2 as a potassium ion battery anode material.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a sample prepared according to the disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 2 is a TEM image of a sample prepared according to the disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 3 is a cycle capacity graph of a Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material prepared in example 4 as a potassium ion anode material under the current density of 0.1 Ag.sup.−1.

[0033] FIG. 4 is a cycle capacity graph of a Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material prepared in example 4 as a potassium ion anode material under the current density of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 Ag.sup.−1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0034] Next, the disclosure will be further described in detail in combination with specific examples, but is not intended to limit the protective scope of the disclosure.

Example 1

[0035] 1) 1 g of iron nitrate (Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3), 0.2 g of lithium nitrate ((LiNO.sub.3) and 0.5 g of lithium hydroxide (LiOH) were weighed and evenly stirred, and then subjected to hydrothermal reaction for 550 min at 150° C. The product was washed with deionized water, and dried in vacuum for later use; and

[0036] 2) the above product was added into 5 ml of aniline solution to be stirred, the aniline was polymerized, then the polymerized product was evaporated at a lower temperature of 65° C., finally the evaporated product was calcinized for 2 h under the protection of nitrogen at 650° C., and the calcinated product was grinded into powders to obtain the Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material.

Example 2

[0037] 1) 1 g of iron nitrate (Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3), 0.2 g of lithium nitrate ((LiNO.sub.3) and 0.5 g of lithium hydroxide (LiOH) were weighed and evenly stirred, and then subjected to hydrothermal reaction for 550 min at 150° C. The product was washed with deionized water, and dried in vacuum for later use; and

[0038] 2) 5 ml of pyrrole solution was added into the above product to be stirred and polymerized, then the polymerized product was evaporated at a lower temperature of 65° C., finally the evaporated product was calcinized for 2 h under the protection of nitrogen at 650° C., and the calcinated product was grinded into powders to obtain the Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material.

Example 3

[0039] 1) 1 g of iron nitrate (Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3), 0.2 g of lithium nitrate ((LiNO.sub.3) and 0.5 g of lithium hydroxide (LiOH) were weighed and evenly stirred, and then subjected to hydrothermal reaction for 550 min at 150° C. The product was washed with deionized water, and dried in vacuum for later use; and

[0040] 2) 0.5 g of cellulose acetate was prepared into solution, the above product was added into the solution to be stirred, then evaporated at a lower temperature of 65° C., finally the evaporated product was calcinized for 2 h under the protection of nitrogen at 650° C., and the calcinated product was grinded into powders to obtain the Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material.

Example 4

[0041] 1) 2 g of iron nitrate (Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3), 2.2 g of lithium nitrate ((LiNO.sub.3) and 1.5 g of lithium hydroxide (LiOH) were weighed and evenly stirred, and then subjected to hydrothermal reaction for 720 min at 180° C. The product was washed with deionized water, and dried in vacuum for later use; and

[0042] 2) 2 g of cellulose acetate was prepared into solution, the above product was added into the solution to be stirred, then was evaporated at a lower temperature of 65° C., finally the evaporated product was calcinized for 2 h under the protection of nitrogen at 650° C., and the calcinated product was grinded into powders to obtain the Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material.

Example 5

[0043] 1) 2 g of iron nitrate (Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3), 2.2 g of lithium nitrate ((LiNO.sub.3) and 1.5 g of lithium hydroxide (LiOH) were weighed and evenly stirred, and then subjected to hydrothermal reaction for 720 min at 180° C. The product was washed with deionized water, and dried in vacuum for later use; and

[0044] 2) 4 g of cellulose acetate was prepared into solution, the above product was added into the solution to be stirred, then was evaporated at a lower temperature of 65° C., finally the evaporated product was calcinized for 2 h under the protection of nitrogen at 750° C., and the calcinated product was grinded into powders to obtain the Fe.sub.3C-doped graded porous carbon polymer potassium ion anode material.