Catalyst composition and method for producing hydrogen and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a catalyst composition for producing hydrogen and preparation method and use thereof, wherein the catalyst composition comprises a catalytic component and a supporter having a pyrochlore structure. By using the catalyst composition of the present invention, carbon deposition can be reduced and the oxidative steam reforming of ethanol could be operated for a long period of time with high ethanol conversion rate and selectivity of hydrogen.

Claims

1. A catalyst composition for producing hydrogen comprising: a catalytic active component; and a supporter represented by formula (I), wherein the catalytic active component is formed on the supporter,
A.sub.2B.sub.2O.sub.7(I) wherein A is an element selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and Group IIIB transition metals, and B is an element selected from Group IVB metals.

2. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein A is the element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd and Dy.

3. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein B is the element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr and Hf.

4. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the catalytic active component is a metal solid solution represented by formula (II)
M.sub.2-xM.sub.x(Ce.sub.yN.sub.2-y)O.sub.7-(II) wherein M is an element selected from Group IIIB metals; M is an element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and Group IIIB metals, and M is different from M; N is a transition metal, and is exclusive from a Group IIIB metal or lanthanides; x is 0.1 to 1.0; y is 1.8 to 1.9; and is greater than 0 to 0.5.

5. The catalyst composition of claim 4, wherein M is the element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y and La, and M is the element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Sc, Y and La.

6. The catalyst composition of claim 4, wherein M is La, M is Li, and N is Ru.

7. The catalyst composition of claim 4, wherein M is La, M is Mg or Ca, and N is Ru.

8. The catalyst composition of claim 4, wherein M is Y, M is Sc, and N is Ru.

9. The catalyst composition of claim 4, wherein N is an element selected from the group consisting of Ru, Os, Rh, Ir and Re.

10. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the catalytic active component is a metal solid solution represented by formula (III)
P.sub.2(O.sub.2-zRu.sub.z)O.sub.7(III) wherein P is an element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y and La; Q is an element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr and Ce; and z is 0z0.4.

11. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the catalytic active component is a metal solid solution represented by formula (IV)
La.sub.2(C.sub.2-D.sub.)O.sub.7-1.5(IV) wherein C is an element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr and Ce; D is an element selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni and Cu; and is 00.9.

12. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the catalytic active component is one or two elements selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Ru, Pt, Pd and Ir.

13. A preparation method of the catalyst composition for producing hydrogen, comprising: mixing a supporter represented by formula (I) with a catalytic active component or a metal precursor having a metal element with catalytic activity in the presence of solvent,
A.sub.2B.sub.2O.sub.7(I) wherein A is an element selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and Group IIIB transition metals; and B is an element selected from Group IVB metals; and removing the solvent.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the metal precursor is selected from the group consisting of metal salts, metal hydrates or metal chlorides, and the metal element with catalytic activity of the metal precursor is one or two elements selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Ru, Pt, Pd and Ir.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the supporter represented by formula (I) is mixed with the catalytic active component, and the solvent is alcohol.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, butanol or isopropanol.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the solvent is removed at a temperature ranging from 80 to 100 C.

18. The method of claim 13, further comprising calcining a mixture formed by mixing the supporter represented by formula (I) with the metal precessor to allow the metal element with catalytic activity to be formed on the supporter represented by formula (I), wherein the calcination temperature ranges from 200 to 400 C., and the calcination time ranges from 3 to 7 hours.

19. A method for producing hydrogen, comprising: (a) adding the catalyst composition of claim 1 to ethanol to form a mixture; and (b) carrying out oxidative seam reforming on the mixture to produce hydrogen.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 shows good stability of supporter La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 at high temperature;

(2) FIG. 2 shows an analysis curve diagram of time-on-stream stability of each product by using 5 wt % Ni/CeO.sub.2/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as catalyst composition in ethanol reformer with carbon-to-oxygen ratio of 3:5;

(3) FIG. 3 shows an analysis curve diagram of time-on-stream stability of each product by using 5 wt % Ni/ZrO.sub.2 as catalyst composition in ethanol reformer with carbon-to-oxygen ratio of 3:5;

(4) FIG. 4 shows an analysis curve diagram of time-on-stream stability of each product by using 5 wt % Ni/La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 as catalyst composition in ethanol reformer with carbon-to-oxygen ratio of 3:5;

(5) FIG. 5 shows an analysis curve diagram of time-on-stream stability of each product by using La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as catalyst composition in ethanol reformer with carbon-to-oxygen ratio of 3:5;

(6) FIG. 6 shows a Raman spectrum of catalyst composition of La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3;

(7) FIG. 7 shows an analysis curve diagram of time-on-stream stability of each product by using La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-/La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 as catalyst composition in ethanol reformer with carbon-to-oxygen ratio of 3:5; and

(8) FIG. 8 shows a Raman spectrum of catalyst composition of La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-/La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(9) The following specific examples are used for illustrating the present invention. A person skilled in the art can easily conceive the other advantages and effects of the present invention.

(10) This disclosure provides the development of a catalyst composition including a supporter with the pyrochlore structure, such as A.sub.2B.sub.2O.sub.7, to carry catalytic active components. The catalyst composition enables the oxidative steam reforming of ethanol in producing hydrogen to have high ethanol conversion rate and hydrogen selectivity for a long term reaction in fulfilling the industrial demands

(11) The catalyst composition prepared according to the method of the present disclosure may include a catalytic active component and a supporter on which the catalytic active component is formed and represented by formula (I):
A.sub.2B.sub.2O.sub.7(I)

(12) wherein A is an element selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and Group IIIB transition metals, and B is an element selected from Group IVB metals.

(13) In one embodiment, A is the element selected from the group consisting of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), lanthium (La), cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), gadolinium (Gd), and dysprosium (Dy); and B is the element selected from the group consisting of Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr) and Hafnium (Hf).

(14) The supporter of the catalyst composition for producing hydrogen of the present disclosure can be prepared in accordance with Pechini sol-gel method. Specifically, the preparation method may include: dissolving a first metal precursor and a second metal precursor in deionized water, and adding an organic acid and an organic solvent with specific molar ratio, and stirring to form colloidal mixture, wherein any one of the first metal precursor and the second metal precursor can be metal salts, metal hydrates or metal chlorides, and wherein the metal of the first metal precursor is selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and Group IIIB transition metals, and the second metal of the second metal precursor is the element selected from Group IVB metals.

(15) In the aforementioned method, the examples of the organic acid may include but not limit to tartaric acid, gluconic acid or citric acid.

(16) In the aforementioned method, the examples of the organic solvent may include but not limit to alcohols which can be selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, butanol, glycol and isopropanol.

(17) The organic solvent in the colloidal mixture is removed at 350 C., and is calcined for 1 to 7 hours, preferably 5 hours, to obtain the nano-powder with pyrochlore structure, wherein the calcination temperature is 600 C. to 900 C.

(18) After that, disc-shaped pellets are made by mixing a pore forming agent with the nano-powder evenly by applying pressure. Subsequently, the disc-shaped pellets are calcined for 1 to 5 hours, preferably 1 hour, to obtain the supporter by percussion and sieving, wherein the calcination temperature is 1200 C. to 1600 C., preferably 1600 C. According to the above method, the pore forming agent can be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyvinyl butyral (PVB), which accounts for 5 to 10 wt %, that is, adding 5 to 10 grams pore forming agent based on 100 grams nano-powder.

(19) In addition, in one embodiment, A is the element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y and La, and B is the element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr and Hf.

(20) In one embodiment, A is La, and B is Zr.

(21) The catalytic active component prepared according to the method of the present disclosure is a metal solid solution represented by formula (II):
M.sub.2-xM.sub.x(Ce.sub.yN.sub.2-y)O.sub.7-(II)

(22) wherein M is an element selected from Group IIIB metals; M is an element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and Group IIIB metals, and M is different from M; N is a transition metal, and is exclusive from a Group IIIB metal or lanthanides; x is 0.1 to 1.0; y is 1.8 to 1.9; and is greater than 0 to 0.5.

(23) In one embodiment, M is the element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y and La, and M is the element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Sc, Y and La.

(24) In one embodiment, N is an element selected from the group consisting of Ru, osmium (Os), Rh, Ir and rhenium (Re).

(25) In another embodiment, M is La, M is lithium (Li), and N is Ru.

(26) In yet another embodiment, M is La, M is magnesium (Mg) or Ca, and N is Ru.

(27) In another embodiment, M is Y, M is Sc, and N is Ru.

(28) The catalytic active component (II) of the catalyst composition of the present disclosure for producing hydrogen also can be prepared to form a metal solid solution in accordance with sol-gel method. First of all, a first metal source, a second metal source, a third metal source and cerium source are added into an organic solvent containing a surfactant. Subsequently, stirring the organic solvent to form a colloidal mixture, wherein a metal of the first metal source is an element selected from the group consisting of alkaline metal, alkaline earth metals and Group IIIB metals; a metal of the second metal source is an element selected from Group IIIB metals, the first metal source is different from the second metal source, and a metal of the third metal source is a transition metal and is exclusive from a Group IIIB metal and lanthanides.

(29) In the aforementioned method, the amount of the surfactant is not specifically limited. In one embodiment, relative to 5 grams (g) of the organic solvent, the amount of the surfactant is from 0.25 to 1.0 g, preferably 0.5 g. The example of the surfactant includes, but is not limited to, P123, F68, F108 and F127. Among these, the chemical formula of P123 is HO(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.20(CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)O).sub.70(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.20H. The organic solvent belongs to alcohols which can be selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, butanol and isopropanol.

(30) According to the above method, the first metal source, the second metal source, the third metal source and the cerium source are added into the organic solvent based on the weighed metal nitrates or metal chlorides at different stoichiometry ratio, and the total concentration of the metal ions contained in the formed mixture is about 5 mmol. After stirring, a colloidal mixture is formed. In one embodiment, after stirring for at least 1 hour, the mixture is gelled at 40 C. for three days consecutively to form the colloidal mixture.

(31) After that, a calcination step is operated according to the conventional method. In a non-limited embodiment, the colloidal mixture is calcined for 1 to 7 hours, preferably 5 hours, to form a metal solid solution, wherein the calcination temperature is from 600 C. to 900 C. In another embodiment, the catalytic active component is a metal solid solution represented by formula (III)
P.sub.2(Q.sub.2-zRu.sub.z)O.sub.7(III)

(32) wherein P is an element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, and La; Q is an element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, and Ce; and z is 0z0.4.

(33) In another embodiment, the catalytic active component is a metal solid solution represented by formula (IV)
La.sub.2(C.sub.2-D.sub.)O.sub.7-1.5(IV)

(34) wherein C is an element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, and Ce; D is an element selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, and Cu; and is 00.9.

(35) The catalytic active component (III) and (IV) of the catalyst composition of the present disclosure for producing hydrogen are prepared by forming a metal solid solution in accordance with sol-gel method. First of all, a first metal source, a second metal source, and a third metal source are added into an organic solvent. Subsequently, stirring the organic solvent to form a colloidal mixture, wherein a metal of the first metal source is an element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, and La; a metal of the second metal source is an element selected from Ti, Zr, and Ce, the first metal source is different from the second metal source, and a metal of the third metal source is an element selected from Co, Ni, Cu, and Ru.

(36) A surfactant is added into the mixture, the amount of the surfactant is not specifically limited. The example of the surfactant includes, but is not limited to, P123, F68, F108 and F127. The organic solvent is alcohols which can be selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, butanol and isopropanol.

(37) According to the above method, the first metal source, the second metal source, the third metal source and Ce source are added into the organic solvent based on the weighed metal nitrates or metal chlorides at different stoichiometry ratio, and the total concentration of the metal ions contained in the formed mixture is about 5 mmol. After stirring, a colloidal mixture is formed. In one embodiment, after stirring for at least 1 hour, the mixture is gelled at 40 C. for three days consecutively to form the colloidal mixture.

(38) After that, a calcination step is operated according to the conventional method. The colloidal mixture is firstly calcined at 350 C. to 550 C., and then operating a second calcination at 800 C. to 1000 C., to form a metal solid solution. Each calcination lasts for 1 to 5 hours, preferably 5 hours.

(39) In the present disclosure, the preparation method of the catalyst composition for producing hydrogen follows the impregnation method. The method comprises mixing the supporter represented by formula (I) with the catalytic active component or the metal precursor having a metal element with catalytic activity in the presence of solvent, and removing the solvent by heating at 80 C. to 100 C.

(40) In one embodiment, the catalytic active component has the aforementioned pyrochlore structure, such as the metal solid solution represented by formula (II), (III) or (IV).

(41) In another embodiment, the supporter represented by formula (I) is mixed with the metal precursor which is selected from the group consisting of metal salts, metal hydrates or metal chlorides, and the metal element with catalytic activity of the metal precursor is one or two elements selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Ru, Pt, Pd, and Ir.

(42) In another embodiment, the supporter represented by formula (I) is mixed with the catalytic active component, and the solvent belongs to alcohols which can be selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, butanol or isopropanol.

(43) According to one embodiment of the aforementioned method, the supporter represented by formula (I) is mixed with the metal precursor containing the metal element with catalytic activity to form a mixture, and the preparation method further comprises calcining the mixture, such as according to the conventional method. In a non-limited embodiment, the colloidal mixture is calcined for 3 to 7 hours, preferably 5 hours, to form a metal solid solution, wherein the calcination temperature is from 200 C. to 400 C. In the embodiment, the metal element of the metal precursor is one or two elements selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Ru, Pt, Pd, and Ir.

EXAMPLES

(44) The following specific examples are used for illustrating the present invention. A person skilled in the art can easily conceive the other advantages and effects of the present invention.

Synthetic Example 1: Preparation for the Supporter Having Pyrochlore Structure

(45) The supporter La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 belonging to pyrochlore structure was prepared by Pechini sol-gel method. The metal (La, Zr) nitrates were dissolved in deionized water as the precursor solution, and then in the precursor solution citric acid (CA) and ethylene glycol (EG) were added at the molar ratio of metal:citric acid (CA):ethylene glycol (EG)=1:3:4, and the solution was stirred at 100 C. to form a colloidal mixture, and the organic solvent was removed at 350 C., and the colloidal mixture was calcined at 800 C. for 5 hours to form a nano-powder of La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7. 10 wt % polyvinyl butyral (PVB) as pore forming agent was mixed evenly with the nano-powder, and then pressing the mixture at 8 tons of pressure to form the disc-shaped pellets. Subsequently, the disc-shaped pellets were calcined at 1600 C. for 1 hour to obtain the supporter La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 by percussion and sieving in 16 to 18 mesh.

(46) As shown in FIG. 1, the La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 supporter exhibited good stability at high temperature.

Synthetic Example 2: Preparation for the Catalytic Active Component Having Pyrochlore Structure

(47) The catalytic active component was prepared according to sol-gel method. Surfactant P123 (0.5 g) was dissolved in ethanol (5 g) and then lanthanum nitrate (0.35 mol), lithium nitrate (LiNO.sub.3, 0.15 mol), cerium nitrate (0.45 mol) and ruthenium chloride (0.05 mol) were added into the ethanol solution. After ultrasonic agitation and stirring for at least 1 hour, the mixture was gelled at 40 C. for three days to form a colloidal mixture. Subsequently, the surfactant was removed at 250 C. and the colloidal mixture was calcined at 900 C. for 5 hours to form a metal solid solution La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-.

Synthetic Example 3

(48) By impregnation method, the supporter La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 prepared in synthetic example 1 was added in Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2 aqueous solution and mixed evenly, wherein the content of Ni was about 5 wt % compared to the weight of the supporter. The mixture was calcined at 300 C. for 5 hours to obtain the catalyst composition illustrated in Table 1.

Synthetic Example 4

(49) By impregnation method, the catalytic active component La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7- (about 0.1 g) prepared in synthetic example 2 was added in a solvent of ethanol (about 3 ml). After ultrasonic agitation, the supporter -Al.sub.2O.sub.3 was immersed in the solution. Finally, the solvent was removed at 80 C., and by repeating the steps at least 5 times, the catalyst composition La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 was obtained as illustrated in Table 1.

Synthetic Example 5

(50) By impregnation method, the catalytic active component La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7- (about 0.025 g) prepared in synthetic example 2 was added in a solvent of ethanol (about 3 ml). The supporter La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 was immersed in the solution. Finally, the solvent was removed at 80 C., and by repeating the steps at least 5 times, the catalyst composition La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-/La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 was obtained as illustrated in Table 1.

Synthetic Example 6

(51) According to the method of synthetic example 3, Ni (5 wt %) as catalytic active component was formed on the supporter -Al.sub.2O.sub.3 to obtain the 5 wt % Ni/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as catalyst composition illustrated in Table 1.

Synthetic Example 7

(52) According to the method of synthetic example 3, Ni (5 wt %) as catalytic active component and CeO.sub.2 as aid agent were formed on the supporter -Al.sub.2O.sub.3 to obtain the 5 wt % Ni/CeO.sub.2/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as catalyst composition illustrated in Table 1, wherein the weight ratio of CeO.sub.2 and -Al.sub.2O.sub.3 is 1:10.

Synthetic Example 8

(53) According to the method of synthetic example 3, Ni (5 wt %) as catalytic active component was formed on the supporter ZrO.sub.2 to obtain the 5 wt % Ni/ZrO.sub.2 as catalyst composition illustrated in Table 1.

(54) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 catalytic active Synthetic example component/aid material supporter 3 Ni La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 4 La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7 -Al.sub.2O.sub.3 5 La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7 La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 6 Ni -Al.sub.2O.sub.3 7 Ni/CeO.sub.2 -Al.sub.2O.sub.3 8 Ni ZrO.sub.2

Test Example 1

(55) For the 5 wt % Ni/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as catalyst composition prepared in synthetic example 6, a product analysis of the ethanol oxidative steam reformer was performed at a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 160,000 h.sup.1 inflow air, a carbon/oxygen feeding ratio of 3:5, an ethanol/water ratio of 1:3, and a reaction temperature of 500 C., and the results were recorded in Table 2. After initiation of the reaction, due to carbon deposition in high quantity, the catalyst composition lost its activity and failed to continuously conducting long-term test.

Test Example 2

(56) For the 5 wt % Ni/CeO.sub.2/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as catalyst composition prepared in synthetic example 7, a product analysis of the ethanol reformer was performed according to the condition of test example 1, and the results were recorded in Table 2. As shown in FIG. 2, after 23-hour reaction, the ethanol conversion rate reached close to 85%. In terms of hydrogen generating rate, the hydrogen selectivity decreased to 35% and carbon monoxide selectivity was 40%. After 10-hour analysis, considerable amount of carbon deposition was generated and the activity of the catalyst composition was decreased.

Test Example 3

(57) For the 5 wt % Ni/ZrO.sub.2 as catalyst composition prepared in synthetic example 8, a product analysis of the ethanol reformer was performed according to the condition of test example 1, and the results were recorded in Table 2.

(58) FIG. 3 shows ethanol conversion rate (X.sub.EtOH), hydrogen selectivity (S.sub.H2), carbon monoxide selectivity (S.sub.CO), carbon dioxide selectivity (S.sub.CO2), methane selectivity (S.sub.CH4), ethylene selectivity (S.sub.C2H4) and aldehyde selectivity (S.sub.CH3CHO).

(59) In comparison with the catalyst composition of synthetic example 7, the catalyst composition of synthetic example 8 shows better hydrogen selectivity at 70% and carbon monoxide selectivity at 60%. After a reaction of over 10 hours, the ethanol conversion rate was maintained at 75% and no significant carbon deposition was yielded. However, under high temperature the catalyst composition of synthetic example 8 became unstable and fragile which limited its application.

Test Example 4

(60) For the 5 wt % Ni/La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 as catalyst composition prepared in synthetic example 3, a product analysis of the ethanol reformer was performed according to the condition of test example 1, and the results were recorded in Table 2.

(61) As shown in FIG. 4, the ethanol conversion rate was still maintained close to 100% after reacting for 110 hours. The hydrogen selectivity was still maintained at 80% after reacting for 80 hours and the carbon monoxide selectivity was still maintained at 50%. The catalyst composition comprising Ni having La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 as supporter exhibited very good activity after reacting for 110 hours.

Test Example 5

(62) For La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as catalyst composition prepared in synthetic example 4, a product analysis of the ethanol reformer was performed for 100 hours at a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 160,000 h.sup.1 inflow air, an ethanol/water ratio of 1:3, a carbon/oxygen feeding ratio of 3:5 and a reaction temperature of 350 C., and the results were recorded in the Table 2.

(63) As shown in FIG. 5, the ethanol conversion rate is close to 100%. The gas selectivity shows good result as well, wherein the hydrogen selectivity is 100% and the carbon monoxide selectivity is 45%. The carbon deposition analysis was conducted after 100 hours of reaction.

(64) After reacting around 100 hours, the Raman spectroscopy analysis was conducted and Raman wavenumber 1400 to 1500 (cm.sup.1) indicated the signal of carbon deposition. As shown in FIG. 6, the carbon deposition generated on catalytic active component after 100-hour reaction which resulted the gradually loss of the activity of the catalyst La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-/-Al.sub.2O.sub.3.

Test Example 6

(65) For La.sub.1.4Li.sub.0.6Ce.sub.1.8Ru.sub.0.2O.sub.7-/La.sub.2Zr.sub.2O.sub.7 as catalyst composition, a product analysis according to the condition of test example 5 with approximately 100 hours of reaction time, and the results were recorded in Table 2.

(66) As shown in FIG. 7, the ethanol conversion rate is still maintained close to 100%; and another 100 hours later after the reaction, it still has the best gas selectivity of hydrogen selectivity at 95% and carbon monoxide selectivity at 50%.

(67) After reacting around 100 hours, the Raman spectroscopy analysis was conducted and Raman wavenumber 1400 to 1500 (cm.sup.1) indicated the signal of carbon deposition. As shown in FIG. 8, no signal of the carbon deposition was observed after 100-hour reaction.

(68) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Ethanol conversion Gas Test Catalyst Reaction rate selectivity example composition temperature (time) H.sub.2/CO Carbon deposition 1 Synthetic 500 C. X X Considerable example 6 amount of carbon deposition yielded after initiation of the reaction. 2 Synthetic 500 C. 85% 35%/40% At the 10.sup.th hr, example 7 (25 hrs) considerable amount of carbon deposition appeared. 3 Synthetic 500 C. 75% 70%/60% At the 11.sup.th hr, no example 8 (11 hrs) significant carbon deposition yielded, and the composition shattered at high temperature and failed for test. 4 Synthetic 500 C. 100% 80%/50% After 110 hrs, little example 3 (110 hrs) (80 hr) carbon deposition 5 Synthetic 350 C. 100% 100%/45% At the 100.sup.th example 4 (110 hrs) hr, carbon deposition appeared 6 Synthetic 350 C. 100% 95%/50% After 100 hrs no example 5 (110 hrs) (100 hr) carbon deposition

(69) In summary, the catalyst composition of the present invention containing a catalytic active component of non-noble metal exhibits good ethanol conversion rate. The catalyst composition containing a catalytic active component of noble metal further exhibits high hydrogen selectivity. Moreover, the byproducts (such as CO.sub.2, C.sub.2H.sub.4 and CH.sub.3CHO) generated from the breakage of carbon-carbon bond in the reaction can be reduced as well as the carbon deposited on the catalyst surface can be avoided, and then the life of the catalyst composition is prolonged.