Abstract
A spacer includes a polymeric hollow profile, including a first and second side wall, a glazing interior wall connecting the side walls to one another; an outer wall arranged parallel to the glazing interior wall and connects the side walls to one another; a cavity surrounded by the side walls, the glazing interior wall, and the outer wall, a moisture barrier on the first side wall, the outer wall, and the second side wall, wherein the moisture barrier includes a multi-layer system having a barrier function including a polymeric layer and an inorganic barrier layer, a metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer having a thickness of less than 100 nm, a binding layer between the adhesive layer and the multi-layer system and including a polymer selected from oriented propylene, oriented polyethylene terephthalate, biaxially oriented propylene, and biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate. The binding layer is directly adjacent the adhesive layer.
Claims
1. A spacer for insulating glass units, comprising: a polymeric hollow profile, comprising a first side wall and a second side wall arranged parallel thereto, a glazing interior wall, which connects the first and second side walls to one another; an outer wall, which is arranged substantially parallel to the glazing interior wall and connects the first and second side walls to one another; a cavity, which is surrounded by the first and second side walls the glazing interior wall, and the outer wall, a moisture barrier on the first side wall, the outer wall, and the second side wall of the polymeric hollow profile, wherein the moisture barrier comprises a multi-layer system having a barrier function comprising at least one polymeric layer and an inorganic barrier layer, a metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer, wherein the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer has a thickness of less than 100 nm, a binding layer arranged between the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer and the multi-layer system and containing a polymer selected from the group comprising oriented propylene, oriented polyethylene terephthalate, biaxially oriented propylene, and biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate, wherein the binding layer is directly adjacent the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer.
2. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer is a ceramic adhesive layer and includes SiOx or is made of SiOx.
3. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer is a metallic adhesive layer and includes or is made of aluminum, titanium, nickel, chromium, iron, alloys thereof and / or oxides thereof.
4. The spacer according to claim 3, wherein the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer is made substantially of a metal oxide.
5. The spacer according to claim 1 4, wherein the binding layer has a thickness of 5 .Math.m to 35 .Math.m.
6. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer is applied directly to the binding layer by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD).
7. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer has a thickness between 5 nm and 70 nm.
8. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the multi-layer system having a barrier function includes at least two polymeric layers and at least two inorganic barrier layers.
9. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the multi-layer system having a barrier function contains exactly two or three polymeric layers and three inorganic barrier layers.
10. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the multi-layer system having a barrier function includes at least one internal bonding layer having a thickness of 1 .Math.m to 8.
11. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the multi-layer system having a barrier function includes, as inorganic barrier layers, exclusively ceramic barrier layers of SiOx and/or SiN.
12. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the multi-layer system having a barrier function includes, as inorganic barrier layers, exclusively metallic barrier layers.
13. An insulating glass unit, comprising a first pane, a second pane, a spacer according to claim 1 arranged circumferentially between the first pane and the second pane, wherein the first pane is attached to the first side wall via a primary sealant, the second pane is attached to the second side wall via a primary sealant, an inner interpane space is delimited by the glazing interior wall, the first pane, and the second pane, an outer interpane space is delimited by the moisture barrier attached on the outer wall and the first pane and the second pane, a secondary sealant is arranged in the outer interpane space, wherein the secondary sealant is in contact with the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer.
14. A method comprising manufacturing a building interior glazing, building exterior glazing, and/or façade glazing with the insulating glass unit according to claim 13.
15. The spacer according to claim 4, wherein the metal oxide is chromium oxide or titanium oxide.
16. The spacer according to claim 5, wherein the thickness is from 12 .Math.m to 25 .Math.m.
17. The spacer according to claim 7, wherein the metallic or ceramic outer adhesive layer has a thickness between 20 nm and 30 nm.
18. The spacer according to claim 8, wherein the multi-layer system having a barrier function includes three polymeric layers and three inorganic barrier layers.
19. The spacer according to claim 10, wherein the at least one internal bonding layer has a thickness of 2 .Math.m to 6 .Math.m.
20. The spacer according to claim 12, wherein the metallic barrier layers are aluminum layers.
Description
[0074] In the following, the invention is explained in detail with reference to drawings. The drawings are purely schematic representations and are not to scale. They in no way restrict the invention. They depict:
[0075] FIG. 1 a cross-section of a possible embodiment of a spacer according to the invention,
[0076] FIG. 2 a cross-section of a possible embodiment of a moisture barrier of a spacer according to the invention,
[0077] FIG. 3 a cross-section of a possible embodiment of a moisture barrier of a spacer according to the invention,
[0078] FIG. 4 a cross-section of a possible embodiment of a moisture barrier of a spacer according to the invention,
[0079] FIG. 5 a cross-section of a possible embodiment of an insulating glass unit according to the invention.
[0080] FIG. 1 depicts a cross-section through a possible spacer I according to the invention. The spacer comprises a polymeric hollow profile 1 with a first side wall 2.1, a side wall 2.2 running parallel thereto, a glazing interior wall 3, and an outer wall 5. The glazing interior wall 3 is perpendicular to the side walls 2.1 and 2.2 and connects the two side walls. The outer wall 5 is opposite the glazing interior wall 3 and connects the two side walls 2.1 and 2.2. The outer wall 5 is substantially perpendicular to the side walls 2.1 and 2.2. However, the sections 5.1 and 5.2 of the outer wall 5 nearest side walls 2.1 and 2.2 are inclined at an angle α (alpha) of approx. 45° relative to the outer wall 5 in the direction of the side walls 2.1 and 2.2. The angle geometry improves the stability of the hollow profile 1 and enables better bonding with a moisture barrier 30. The hollow profile 1 is a polymeric hollow profile, made substantially of polypropylene with 20 wt.-% glass fibers. The wall thickness of the hollow profile is 1 mm. The wall thickness is substantially the same everywhere. This improves the stability of the hollow profile and simplifies its manufacture. The hollow profile 1 has, for example, a height h of 6.5 mm and a width of 15.5 mm. The outer wall 5, the glazing interior wall 3, and the two side walls 2.1 and 2.2 enclose the cavity 8. A gas-tight and moisture-tight moisture barrier 30 is arranged on the outer wall 5 and a part of the first side wall 2.1 and a part of the second side wall 2.2. The regions of the first side wall 2.1 and the second side wall 2.2 adjacent the glazing interior wall 3 remain free of moisture barrier 30. Measured from the glazing interior wall 3, this is a 1.9-mm-wide strip that remains free. The moisture barrier 30 can, for example, be attached to the polymeric hollow profile 1 with a polymethacrylate adhesive. The embodiments depicted in FIGS. 2 through 4 are, for example, suitable as a moisture barrier 30. The cavity 8 can accommodate a desiccant 11. Perforations that establish a connection to the inner interpane space in the insulating glass unit are made in the glazing interior wall 3. The desiccant 11 can then absorb moisture from the inner interpane space 15 via the perforations 24 in the glazing interior wall 3 (see FIG. 5).
[0081] FIG. 2 depicts a cross-section through a moisture barrier 30 of a spacer I according to the invention. The moisture barrier 30 comprises an outer adhesive layer 31 of chromium oxide. Here, “outer” means that the adhesive layer 31 faces the external environment and is exposed. In the finished insulating glass unit, the adhesive layer 31 faces the outer interpane space and is in direct contact with the secondary sealant. The chromiumoxid layer has particularly good adhesion to the material of the secondary sealant. A roughly 20-.Math.m-thick binding layer 32 made of oriented polypropylene is arranged directly adjacent the chromium oxide layer. The chromium oxide layer is applied directly to the oPP layer by a CVD method and has a thickness of 10 nm to 100 nm. The adhesion between the chromium oxide layer and the oPP layer is surprisingly good such that the stability of the spacer with the moisture barrier is improved compared to the prior art. A multi-layer system having a barrier function 33 is arranged adjacent the binding layer 32. This multi-layer system includes one or more polymeric layers and one or more inorganic layers. The multi-layer system 33 is connected to the binding layer 32 on one side in any manner desired. This is, for example, possible via a bonding layer. The other side of the multi-layer system 33 is directed toward the outer wall 5 of the spacer. The multi-layer system 33 is attached to the hollow profile 1 via an adhesive, preferably a polyurethane hotmelt adhesive or an acrylate adhesive. As described in WO 2013/104507 A1, various barrier films from the prior art are suitable as the multi-layer system 33.
[0082] FIG. 3 depicts a cross-section through a moisture barrier 30 of a spacer I according to the invention. As already explained for FIG. 2, a multi-layer system 33 is arranged on the side facing the outer wall 5 of the spacer. It is advantageously attached to the outer wall via an adhesive. The multi-layer system 33 includes one or more polymeric layers 35 made, for example, of polyethylene or PET and one or more ceramic layers 34 made of SiOx, but no metallic layer. FIG. 3 depicts, by way of example, an embodiment in which a ceramic layer 34 of the multi-layer system 33 is arranged directly on the binding layer 32. In this example, the binding layer 32 is a 25-.Math.m-thick oPET film. Such a thick oPET layer contributes, among other things, to improving the mechanical load-bearing capacity of the spacer I, in particular during bending of the spacer. On one side of the binding layer 32, a 30-nm-thick ceramic SiOx layer is arranged as an adhesive layer 31, which improves the adhesion to the secondary sealant. On the other side of the oPET film, a 30-nm-thick ceramic SiOx layer is likewise arranged. A moisture barrier constructed in this way can be produced particularly well since an oPET film coated on both sides with SiOx, which is easy to produce, can be arranged on the side of the moisture barrier 30 facing toward the outer interpane space. A further advantage of this structure is that the multi-layer system includes only ceramic layers and no metallic layers. As a result, the thermal conductivity is particularly low, further improving the heat insulating properties.
[0083] FIG. 4 depicts a cross-section through a moisture barrier 30 of a spacer I according to the invention. As the outer adhesive layer 31, a 30-nm-thick silicon oxide layer is applied to a roughly 20-.Math.m-thick binding layer 32 made of oPP by a CVD process. A multi-layer system 33 having a barrier function 33 and consisting of three polymeric layers 35.1, 35.2, and 35.3 and three inorganic barrier layers 34.1, 34.2, and 34.3 is arranged adjacent thereto. The inorganic barrier layers are, in each case, 50-nm-thick aluminum layers. The polymeric layers 35.1 and 35.2 are, in each case, 12-.Math.m-thick PET layers. The polymeric layer 35.3 is a 12-.Math.m-thick LLDPE layer. The first polymeric layer 35.1 is connected directly to the first aluminum layer 34.1. The second polymeric layer 35.2 is connected directly to the second aluminum layer 34.2. The third polymeric layer 35.3 is connected directly to the third aluminum layer 34.3. A 3-.Math.m-thick bonding layer made of a polyurethane adhesive is arranged between the binding layer 32 and the first aluminum layer 34.1. A bonding layer is likewise arranged between the second aluminum layer 34.2 and the first polymeric layer 35.1. A bonding layer is likewise arranged between the third aluminum layer 34.3 and the second polymeric layer 35.2. Thus, three binding layers are arranged in the entire stack of the moisture barrier 30. The moisture barrier can thus be produced by laminating four polymer films coated on one side: one oPP film coated on one side with two PET films coated on one side and one LLDPE film coated on one side. By orienting the third aluminum layer 34.3 to face the layer stack, the third aluminum layer 34.3 is protected against mechanical damage. The three thin aluminum layers ensure a high moisture density of the moisture barrier and thus of the spacer.
[0084] FIG. 5 depicts a cross-section of the edge region of an insulating glass unit II according to the invention with the spacer I shown in FIG. 1. The first pane 13 is connected to the first side wall 2.1 of the spacer I via a primary sealant 17, and the second pane 14 is attached to the second side wall 2.2 via the primary sealant 17. The primary sealant 17 is substantially a cross-linking polyisobutylene. The inner interpane space 15 is situated between the first pane 13 and the second pane 14 and is delimited by the glazing interior wall 3 of the spacer I according to the invention. The inner interpane space 15 is filled with air or with an inert gas such as argon. The cavity 8 is filled with a desiccant 11, for example, molecular sieve. The cavity 8 is connected to the inner interpane space 15 via perforations 24 in the glazing interior wall 3. A gas exchange between the cavity 8 and the inner interpane space 15 takes place through the perforations 24 in the glazing interior wall 3, with the desiccant 11 absorbing the atmospheric humidity out of the inner interpane space 15. The first pane 13 and the second pane 14 protrude beyond the side walls 2.1 and 2.2 creating an outer interpane space 16 that is situated between the first pane 13 and the second pane 14 and is delimited by the outer wall 5 with the moisture barrier 30 of the spacer. The edge of the first pane 13 and the edge of the second pane 14 are arranged at the same level. The outer interpane space 16 is filled with a secondary sealant 18. In the example, the secondary sealant 18 is a polysulfide. Polysulfides absorb the forces acting on the edge seal particularly well and thus contribute to high stability of the insulating glass unit II. The adhesion of polysulfides to the adhesive layer of the spacer according to the invention is excellent. The first pane 13 and the second pane 14 are made of soda lime glass having a thickness of 3 mm.
LIS OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS
[0085] I spacer [0086] II insulating glass unit [0087] 1 hollow profile [0088] 2.1 first side wall [0089] 2.2 second side wall [0090] 3 glazing interior wall [0091] 5 outer wall [0092] 5.1, 5.2 the sections of the outer wall nearest the side walls [0093] 8 cavity [0094] 11 desiccant [0095] 13 first pane [0096] 14 second pane [0097] 15 inner interpane space [0098] 16 outer interpane space [0099] 17 primary sealant [0100] 18 secondary sealant [0101] 24 perforation in the glazing interior wall [0102] 30 moisture barrier [0103] 31 adhesive layer [0104] 32 binding layer [0105] 33 multi-layer system having a barrier function [0106] 34 inorganic barrier layer [0107] 35 polymeric layer
