Abstract
A regional oximetry pod drives optical emitters on regional oximetry sensors and receives the corresponding detector signals in response. The sensor pod has a dual sensor connector configured to physically attach and electrically connect one or two regional oximetry sensors. The pod housing has a first housing end and a second housing end. The dual sensor connector is disposed proximate the first housing end. The housing at least partially encloses the dual sensor connector. A monitor connector is disposed proximate a second housing end. An analog board is disposed within the pod housing and is in communications with the dual sensor connector. A digital board is disposed within the pod housing in communications with the monitor connector.
Claims
1. A regional oximetry pod which drives optical emitters of one or two regional oximetry sensors and receives corresponding detector signals in response, the regional oximetry pod comprising: a dual sensor connector configured to physically attach and electrically connect to one or two regional oximetry sensors; a pod housing having a first housing end and a second housing end; the dual sensor connector disposed proximate the first housing end; the housing at least partially enclosing the dual sensor connector; a monitor connector disposed proximate the second housing end; an analog board disposed within the pod housing in communication with the dual sensor connector, the analog board including emitter drivers that activate emitters of the one or two regional oximetry sensor sensors, and detector amplifiers that receive sensor signals from detectors of the one or two regional oximetry sensors, wherein the analog board digitizes the sensor signals; and a digital board disposed within the pod housing in communication with the monitor connector, the digital board including a digital signal processor (DSP) that receives the digitized sensor signals, the DSP configured to derive regional oximetry parameters from the digitized sensor signals and communicate the regional oximetry to a patient monitor via the monitor connector, wherein the analog board and the digital board are stacked within the pod housing.
2. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 1 wherein the dual sensor connector comprises: a pair of pod cables partially disposed within the pod housing; a first end of the pod cables electrically connected to and mechanically attached to the analog board; and a second end of the pod cables extending from the pod housing and terminating at a pair of sensor connectors, the sensor connectors configured to physically attach and electrically connect to the one or two regional oximetry sensors.
3. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 1 wherein the dual sensor connector comprises: a socket block at least partially disposed within the pod housing, the socket block having socket contacts configured to electrically connect to the one or two regional oximetry sensors, and the socket contacts in electrical communications with the analog board.
4. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 2 wherein the monitor connector comprises a pod cable extending from the digital board and terminating at a connector configured for connecting to a patient monitor.
5. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 4 wherein: the analog board comprises an analog board connector disposed on a surface of the analog board; the digital board comprises a digital board connector disposed on a surface of the digital board; and the analog board connector physically and electrically connects to the digital board connector.
6. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 1 further comprising a flex circuit assembly, the flex circuit assembly including flex circuit contacts in electrical communication with the dual sensor connector, a flex cable, wherein a first end of the flex cable is connected to the flex circuit contacts, and a flex circuit socket connected to a second end of the flex cable; wherein the flex circuit socket is connected to the an analog board plug.
7. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 6 wherein the flex cable folds into a U-shape so as to connect the flex circuit socket to the analog board plug.
8. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 1 further comprising a board frame at least partially surrounding the analog board and the digital board in the stacked configuration, wherein the board frame is configured to mechanically stabilize the analog board and the digital board.
9. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 1 wherein the pod housing comprises a single pod housing.
10. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 1 wherein the single pod housing comprises a top shell and a bottom shell, and wherein the analog board and the digital board are disposed between the top shell and the bottom shell.
11. A regional oximetry pod comprising: a driver means for transmitting a drive signal to a plurality of emitters; an amplifier means for receiving a response signal from at least one detector in optical communications with the emitters; a dual connector means for communicating the drive signal and the response signal to the drive means and the amplifier means; a housing means for enclosing the driver means and the amplifier means and for at least partially enclosing the dual connector means; an analysis means enclosed within the housing means for deriving a plurality of physiological parameters from the response signal; and a monitoring means enclosed within the housing means for communicating the physiological parameters to a display, wherein the amplifier means and the analysis means are stacked within the housing means.
12. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 11 wherein the driver means and the amplifier means comprise an analog board means disposed within the housing means.
13. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 12 wherein: the analysis means comprises a digital board means disposed within the housing means; and wherein the regional oximetry pod further comprises a plurality of board connectors interconnecting the analog board means and the digital board means; and a frame means for mechanically stabilizing the analog board means connected to the digital board means.
14. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 13 wherein the dual connector means comprises a plurality of connector cables extending from the housing means between the analog board means and a plurality of sensor connectors.
15. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 13 wherein the dual connector means comprises a socket block partially disposed within the housing means and configured to receive dual sensor plugs.
16. The regional oximetry pod according to claim 15 wherein the monitoring means comprises a pod cable extending from the digital board means and the housing means and terminating at a USB connector.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of a pod-based regional oximeter that interconnects with regional oximetry sensors so as to derive regional oximetry parameters and communicate those parameters to a patient monitor;
(2) FIGS. 2A-B are perspective views of an internal-connector regional oximetry pod and an external-connector regional oximetry pod, respectively;
(3) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a regional oximetry sensor attached to a tissue site, illustrating corresponding near-field and far-field emitter-to-detector optical paths;
(4) FIG. 4 is a general block diagram of a regional oximetry pod housing a regional oximetry analog board, digital board and signal processor;
(5) FIG. 5 is a general block diagram of regional oximetry signal processing;
(6) FIGS. 6A-D are top perspective, bottom perspective, sensor connector and monitor connector views, respectively, of an internal-connector regional oximetry pod;
(7) FIGS. 7A-D are top perspective, bottom perspective, detailed sensor connector and detailed monitor connector views, respectively, of an external-connector regional oximetry pod;
(8) FIG. 8 is a detailed block diagram of the emitter drive for dual, regional oximetry sensors;
(9) FIG. 9 is a detailed block diagram of the detector interface for dual regional oximetry sensors;
(10) FIG. 10 is a regional oximetry monitor display that provides user I/O showing placement of up to four sensors on a patient; and
(11) FIG. 11 is a regional oximetry parameter display for up to four regional oximetry sensors;
(12) FIGS. 12A-E are various exploded views of an internal-connector regional oximetry pod;
(13) FIGS. 13A-D are side, back, back perspective and exploded views, respectively, of a dual sensor connector for an internal-connector pod;
(14) FIGS. 14A-C are front, front perspective and folded front perspective views, respectively, of an internal-connector flex-circuit assembly for an internal-connector pod; and
(15) FIGS. 15A-C are various exploded views of an external-connector regional oximetry pod;
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
(16) FIG. 1 generally illustrates a pod-based regional oximeter 100 including pod assemblies 101, 102 each communicating with an array of regional oximetry sensors 110 via sensor cables 120. The sensors 110 are attached to various patient 1 locations. One or two regional oximetry pods 130 and a corresponding number of pod cables 140 advantageously provide communications between the sensors 110 and a patient monitor 170. Regional oximetry (rSO.sub.2) signal processors 150 housed in each of the pods 130 perform the algorithmic processing normally associated with patient monitors and/or corresponding monitor plug-ins so as to derive various regional oximetry parameters. The pods 130 communicate these parameters to the patient monitor 170 for display and analysis by medical staff. Further, in an embodiment, each pod 130 utilizes USB communication protocols and connectors 142 to easily integrate with a third party monitor 170. A monitor 170 may range from a relatively “dumb” display device to a relatively “intelligent” multi-parameter patient monitor so as to display physiological parameters indicative of health and wellness.
(17) FIGS. 2A-B illustrate an internal-connector regional oximetry pod 201 (FIG. 2A) and an external-connector regional oximetry pod 202 (FIG. 2B). As shown in FIG. 2A, in the internal-connector embodiment 201, pod sockets (not visible) are recessed into the pod housing 210. RSO.sub.2 sensors 60 have sensor cables 62 extending between the sensors 60 and sensor plugs 64. The sensor plugs 64 insert into the pod sockets so as communicate sensor signals between the sensors 60 and pod analog and digital boards (not visible) within the pod housing 210. Pod boards derive regional oximetry parameters, which are communicated to a monitor 170 (FIG. 1) via a monitor cable 220 and a corresponding USB connector 230. Pod boards are described with respect to FIG. 4, below. Sensor optics and corresponding sensor signals are described with respect to FIG. 3, below.
(18) As shown in FIG. 2B, in the external-connector embodiment 202, pod cables 260 extend from the pod housing 250, providing external pod sockets 270. Sensor plugs 64 insert into the external pod sockets 270 so as communicate sensor signals between the sensors 60 and the analog and digital boards within the pod housing 250. As generally described above and in further detail below, pod boards 410, 420 (FIG. 4) derive regional oximetry parameters from the sensor signals, and the parameters are communicated to a monitor 170 (FIG. 1) via the monitor cable 220 and corresponding USB connector 230.
(19) FIG. 3 illustrates a regional oximetry sensor 300 attached to a tissue site 10 so as to generate near-field 360 and far-field 370 emitter-to-detector optical paths through the tissue site 10. The resulting detector signals are processed so as to calculate and display oxygen saturation (SpO.sub.2), delta oxygen saturation (ΔSpO.sub.2) and regional oxygen saturation (rSO.sub.2), as shown in FIG. 11, below. The regional oximetry sensor 300 has a flex circuit layer 310, a tape layer 320, an emitter 330, a near-field detector 340 and a far-field detector 350. The emitter 330 and detectors 340, 350 are mechanically and electrically connected to the flex circuit 310. The tape layer 320 is disposed over and adheres to the flex circuit 310. Further, the tape layer 320 attaches the sensor 300 to the skin 10 surface.
(20) As shown in FIG. 3, the emitter 330 has a substrate 332 mechanically and electrically connected to the flex circuit 310 and a lens 334 that extends from the tape layer 320. Similarly, each detector 340, 350 has a substrate 342, 352 and each has a lens 344, 354 that extends from the tape layer. In this manner, the lenses 334, 344, 354 press against the skin 10, advantageously maximizing the optical transmission and reception of the emitter 330 and detectors 340, 350.
(21) FIG. 4 generally illustrates a regional oximetry pod 401 that houses a regional oximetry analog board 410 and a regional oximetry digital board 420. A regional oximetry signal processor 430 executes on a digital signal processor (DSP) residing on the digital board 420. The regional oximetry signal processor 430 is described with respect to FIG. 5, below. The regional oximetry analog board 410 and digital board 420 are described in detail with respect to FIGS. 8-9, below.
(22) As shown in FIG. 4, on the patient side 402, the regional oximetry analog board 410 communicates with one or more regional oximetry (rSO.sub.2) sensors 440, 450 via one or more sensor cables 445, 455. On the caregiver side 403, a pod cable 425 has a USB connector 427 so as to provide a standard interface between the digital board 420 and a monitor 170 (FIG. 1).
(23) Also shown in FIG. 4, the analog board 410 and the digital board 420 enable the pod 401 itself to perform the sensor communications and signal processing functions of a conventional patient monitor. This advantageously allows pod-derived regional oximetry parameters to be displayed on a variety of monitors ranging from simple display devices to complex multiple parameter patient monitoring systems via the simple USB interface 427.
(24) FIG. 5 generally illustrates a regional oximetry signal processor 500 having a front-end signal processor 540, a back-end signal processor 550 and diagnostics 530. The front end 540 controls LED modulation, detector demodulation and data decimation. The back-end 550 computes sensor parameters from the decimated data. The diagnostics 530 analyze data corresponding to various diagnostic voltages within or external to the digital board so as to verify system integrity.
(25) FIGS. 6-7 generally illustrate regional oximetry pod 600, 700 embodiments, each having a pod end 601, 701; a monitor end 602, 702 and an interconnecting pod cable 603, 703. The pod end 601, 701 has dual sensor connectors 610, 710. The monitor end 602, 702 has a monitor connector 620, 720. In a particular embodiment, the monitor connector 620, 720 is a USB connector.
(26) As shown in FIGS. 6A-D, in an internal sensor connector embodiment 600, the sensor connectors 610 are integrated within the pod housing 1200. Advantageously, this configuration provides a relatively compact sensor/monitor interconnection having sensor connectors 610, a monitor connector 620 and an interconnecting pod cable 603. The pod 1200 internals, including the housed portion of the sensor connectors 610, are described in detail with respect to FIGS. 12-14, below.
(27) As shown in FIGS. 7A-D, in an external sensor connector embodiment 700, sensor connector cables 705 extend from the pod housing 1500. Advantageously, by removing the dual sensor connectors from within the pod housing 1500, the pod internal complexity is reduced, which reduces manufacturing costs and increases pod reliability. The pod 1500 internals are described in detail with respect to FIG. 15, below.
(28) FIGS. 8-9 illustrate a regional oximetry signal processor embodiment 800, 900 having a digital board 803 (FIG. 8) and an analog board 903 (FIGS. 8-9) in communications with up to two regional oximetry sensors 801, 802 (FIG. 8); 901, 902 (FIG. 9). The digital board 803 (FIG. 8) has a DSP 850 in communications with an external monitor via a USB cable 882 and corresponding UART communications 884. The DSP 850 is also in communications with the sensors 801-802, 901-902 via DACs 830 and ADCs 910 on the analog board 903.
(29) As shown in FIG. 8-9, sensor emitters 801, 802 are driven from the analog board 903 under the control of the digital board DSP 850 via a shift register 870. Each regional sensor 801-802, 901-902 has a shallow detector and a deep detector. Further, each sensor 801-802, 901-902 may have a reference detector and an emitter temperature sensor. In a cerebral regional oximetry embodiment, the sensor(s) may have a body temperature sensor 930 and corresponding analog board ADC 910 interface.
(30) FIG. 10 illustrates a user I/O display 1000 for indicating the placement of up to four sensors on a patient. An adult form 1001 is generated on the display. Between one and four sensor sites can be designated on the adult form 1001, including left and right forehead 1010, forearm 1020, chest 1030, upper leg 1040, upper calf 1050 and right calf 1060 sites. Accordingly, between one and four sensors 110 (FIG. 1) can be located on these sites. A monitor in communication with these sensors then displays between one and four corresponding regional oximetry graphs and readouts, as described with respect to FIG. 11, below.
(31) FIG. 11 illustrates a regional oximetry parameter display 1100 embodiment for accommodating up to four regional oximetry sensor inputs. In this particular example, a first two sensor display 1101 is enabled for monitoring a forehead left site 1110 and a forehead right site 1120. A second two sensor display 1102 is enabled for monitoring a chest left site 1150 and a chest right site 1160.
(32) FIGS. 12A-E further illustrate a regional oximetry pod 1200 embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12A, the pod 1200 has a top shell 1201, a bottom shell 1202, a pod assembly 1203 enclosed between the shells 1201, 1202 and a cable 1241 extending from the pod assembly 1203 through a bend relief (not shown). As shown in FIG. 12B, an analog board 1230 and a digital board 1240 are seated within a frame 1210.
(33) As shown in FIGS. 12C-E, an analog board 1230 is plugged into a dual sensor connector assembly 1300. In particular, an analog board plug 1232 is inserted into a flex circuit assembly socket 1430. With this arrangement, sensor connectors 64 (FIG. 2A) have electrical continuity with the analog board 1230 and the (USB) cable 220 has electrical continuity with the digital board 1240, as described above with respect to FIG. 4.
(34) FIGS. 13A-D illustrate a dual sensor connector assembly 1300 that provides communications between the analog board 1230 (FIGS. 12A-E) and the dual sensor connectors 610. The dual sensor connector assembly 1300 has a socket block 1310, a contact assembly 1320 and a flex-circuit assembly 1400. The socket block 1310 retains the contact assembly 1320 so as to form the dual sensor connectors 610. The flex-circuit assembly 1400 provides a socket connector 1430 that mechanically receives analog board plug 1232 (FIG. 12D) and electrically connects the analog board sensor inputs to the sensor connectors 610. In this manner, the analog board 1230 (FIGS. 12A-E) receives sensor signals for signal processing, such as filtering and analog-to-digital conversion.
(35) FIGS. 14A-C illustrate a connector flex-circuit assembly 1400 having flex circuit contacts 1410, a flex cable 1420 and a flex circuit socket 1430. The contacts 1410 receive the sensor connector pins 1320 (FIG. 13D), which are soldered in place. When installing the flex-circuit assembly 1400 within a pod 1200 (FIGS. 12A-E) the flex cable 1420 folds into a U-shape (FIG. 14C) so as to expose the flex circuit socket 1430 (FIG. 12D) to the analog board plug 1232 (FIG. 12D), which is then inserted into the socket 1430 (FIG. 12D).
(36) FIGS. 15A-C illustrate an external-connector regional oximetry pod housing 1500 having an upper pod shell 1501 and a lower pod shell 1502 that enclose a board assembly 1503. The board assembly 1503 has a board frame 1510, a signal processing assembly 1520 and a wrap 1550. The board frame 1510 and wrap 1550 mechanically stabilize the signal processing assembly 1520.
(37) As shown in FIGS. 15A-C, the signal processing assembly 1520 has an analog board 1530 and a digital board 1540 as described with respect to FIG. 4, above. The analog board 1530 and a digital board 1540 mechanically and electrically interconnect at board connectors 1531, 1541. A sensor cable 705 (FIGS. 7A-B) threads through an outer sensor cable boot 1507 and an inner sensor cable boot 1508 so as to mechanically and electrically interconnect with an analog board sensor cable connector 1533 (FIG. 15C).
(38) A regional oximetry pod has been disclosed in detail in connection with various embodiments. These embodiments are disclosed by way of examples only and are not to limit the scope of the claims that follow. One of ordinary skill in art will appreciate many variations and modifications.
