A sporicidal composition has a moderately low pH and includes at least one oxidizing acid and the dissociation product of at least one inorganic oxidizing agent. Very high effective solute concentrations can enhance the efficacy of the composition. Embodiments of the composition can be applied to a surface and allowed to absorb into the endospore, ultimately killing at least some of those bacteria in mature endospore form. The surface being treated can be an inanimate surface, particularly a hard surface, or a medical device.

Sulfate and sulfonate derivatives of unsaturated fatty alcohols, processes for making them, and methods of using them are disclosed. In one aspect, a monounsaturated fatty alcohol composition is made by reducing a metathesis-derived monounsaturated alkyl ester. The fatty alcohol composition is then converted to a sulfate or sulfonate derivative by one or more of alkoxylation, sulfation, sulfonation, and sulfitation. Of particular interest are the sulfate and ether sulfate derivatives. Microscopy studies indicate that the unsaturated sodium sulfates in particular have a lamellar phase that should enable formulation at high actives levels. Sulfate compositions comprising 40 to 60 wt. % of a monounsaturated fatty primary alcohol sulfate and 40 to 60 wt. % of a secondary hydroxyalkyl primary alcohol sulfate are also disclosed. The derivatives and sulfate compositions are valuable for many end-use applications, including, for example, agricultural dispersants, water-soluble herbicides, anionic emulsifiers for agricultural use, hard surface cleaners, light-duty liquid detergents, personal cleansers, gas well foamers for oilfield applications, laundry detergents, enhanced oil recovery compositions, latex paints, and specialty foams.

Provided is a method for decolorizing and optionally neutralizing a rhamnolipid composition comprising treating said composition with a percarbonate salt as well as the decolorized and optionally neutralized composition obtainable therefrom. Also provided is a method for improving the quality of wastewater generated during said method.

In one embodiment, a retarded acid system comprises an aqueous acid and a retarding surfactant. The aqueous acid may comprise from 5 wt. % to 25 wt. % of a strong acid, that is, an acid having a K.sub.a greater than or equal to 0.01. The aqueous acid may further comprise from 75 wt. % to 95 wt. % water. The retarding surfactant may have the general chemical formula R(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.XOH where R is a hydrocarbon having from 11 to 15 carbon atoms and x is an integer from 6 to 10. The retarding surfactant may have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance from 8 to 16.

The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon-free emulsion stabilizer, to water-in-oil subterranean treatment fluids comprising said stabilizer and having improved stability and environmental compatibility, and to their use in subterranean treatments.

The present invention relates to polyalkylene imine based polymers, which have aliphatic polyester groups attached to the polyalkylenimine backbone via an carboxamide group. The novel polymers are particularly useful as dispersants for pigments, in particular as dispersants for pigments in non-aqueous compositions. The polyalkylene imine based polymers are characterized by having a) a polyalkylene imine backbone; b) at least one aromatic moiety P.1, which is bound to a nitrogen atom of the polyalkylene imine backbone via an carboxamide or carboximide group; and c) at least one aliphatic polyester moiety P.2, which is bound to a nitrogen atom of the polyalkylene imine backbone via an carboxamide group.

The ink composition comprises pigment particles and a stimulus responsive dispersing agent for dispersing said pigment particles in a protic polar solvent, for instance for inkjet printing, which stimulus responsive dispersing agent comprises an anchoring part for anchoring to said pigment particles, a stimulus responsive part as shown in formula (XXa) or (XXb) and a hydrophilic part for solvent stabilization of the pigment, wherein the stimulus responsive part upon exposure to a stimulus initiates decomposition of the stimulus responsive dispersing agent. The paper with the printed ink can be deinked in an industrial deinking process. ##STR00001##

Glycine is an organic compound that can be used in the making of a synthetic acid that obviates all the drawbacks of strong acids such as hydrochloric acid. The new compound is made by dissolving glycine in water, in a weight ratio of approximately 1:1 to 1:1.5. The solution is mixed until the glycine is essentially fully dissolved in the water. Once dissolution is complete, hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved in the solution to produce the new compound, which can be referred to as hydrogen glycine. Also disclosed is a method for adjusting the pH of a fluid, the method comprising adding an effective amount of a solution to the fluid for adjusting the pH thereof to a desired level, wherein the solution is prepared by mixing glycine in water to form a glycine solution; and adding hydrogen chloride to the glycine solution.

The present invention provides a haloolefin-based composition comprising a highly-stable haloolefin in which decomposition and oxidization are inhibited, and the haloolefin-based composition being used for at least one application selected from the group consisting of heat transfer media, refrigerants, foaming agents, solvents, cleaning agents, propellants, and fire extinguishers.

The present invention relates to a haloolefin-based composition comprising a haloolefin and water and being used for at least one application selected from the group consisting of heat transfer media, refrigerants, foaming agents, solvents, cleaning agents, propellants, and fire extinguishers. The haloolefin-based composition comprising a haloolefin and water is used for at least one application selected from the group consisting of heat transfer media, refrigerants, foaming agents, solvents, cleaning agents, propellants, and fire extinguishers.

An aqueous, bubble forming composition is provided that contains glitter, wherein the glitter is strongly both lipophilic and hydrophilic and therefore able to preferentially release from the contact surface of the bubble forming toy while maintaining the structural integrity of the bubbles.