A solid electrolytic capacitor element includes an anode body that includes a porous part in at least a surface layer of the anode body, a dielectric layer, and a cathode part. The cathode part includes a solid electrolyte layer that covers the at least a part of the dielectric layer. The anode body includes a first part and a second part. The first part is a cathode forming part on which the solid electrolyte layer is formed, and the second part is a part on which the solid electrolyte layer is not formed. The second part includes at least an anode part including an end of the anode body opposite to the first part. The first part is sectionalized into a plurality of regions, and the first part has a groove at a boundary between adjacent regions among the plurality of regions.

A method of manufacturing a winding capacitor package structure is provided. The method of manufacturing the winding capacitor package structure includes: forming a base layer on an inner bottom surface of a casing structure; placing a winding assembly and a part of a conductive assembly inside an accommodating space of the casing structure; sequentially forming a plurality of filling layers between the winding assembly and the casing structure; and then placing a bottom carrier frame on a bottom portion of the casing structure so as to match with the casing structure. The casing structure includes a rough inner surface, and the base layer and the filling layer are limited inside the casing structure through a friction provided by the rough inner surface of the casing structure.

The process comprises treating 90-190 g titanium (IV) chloride in 10-100 ml de-ionized water for preparing Titanium cation (Ti.sup.4+); treating 130-275 ml potassium persulfate in 10-100 ml double-distilled water and keeping at constant temperature to obtain sulphate/oxide; dipping substrates into titanium (IV) chloride solution and re-dipping in de-ionized water to remove loosely bonded ions, if could be any; dipping substrates into potassium persulfate solution and re-dipping in de-ionized water to remove loosely bonded ions, if could be any, and keeping at 50-90° C. for complete one cycle; treating obtained Titanium cation (Ti.sup.4+) with sulphate/oxide and obtaining whitish layer on the substrate surface by necked eyes after about 10-15 cycles, suggesting initiation of film formation, wherein the deposition thickness of TiO.sub.2 layer is increased from 0.3-2.0-micron on determined 5-50 deposition cycles; and rinsing deposited films with de-ionized water and air annealed at 400-600° C. temperature to obtain anatase TiO.sub.2.

A porous metal foil and porous metal wire are described. Capacitor anodes made from either or both of the porous metal foil and porous metal wire are further described as well as methods to make same.

An electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element, a solid electrolyte layer, an electrolyte solution. The capacitor element has an anode foil with a dielectric layer, and a cathode foil. The solid electrolyte layer is provided between the anode foil and the cathode foil. And the capacitor element is impregnated with the electrolyte solution. The cathode foil includes a covering layer that contains at least one metal selected from titanium and nickel or a compound of the at least one metal. And the solid electrolyte layer contains a conductive polymer, a polymer dopant, and a base component.

In an electrolytic capacitor having a capacitor element housed inside a body case where the capacitor element has a first electrode member and a second electrode member wound up with a separator in between and where the capacitor element holding an electrolyte solution, there is provided, between the first and second electrode members, a conductive polymer particle band in which conductive polymer particles of a conductive polymer in a dense state are disposed to extend in the longitudinal direction of the separator, the conductive polymer particle band contains a cellulose derivative, and the conductive polymer particle band is provided to cover, within at least one of regions on opposite sides of the center line of the separator in its lateral direction, one half or more of the region in the lateral direction.

A method for producing an electrolytic capacitor, the electrolytic capacitor including a capacitor element including an anode body and a cathode body each having a foil shape. The anode body includes a dielectric layer on a surface of the anode body. The method includes a step of forming a capacitor element precursor by winding or stacking a separator, the anode body, and the cathode body with the separator interposed between the anode body and the cathode body, a step of impregnating the capacitor element precursor with a treatment liquid containing an acid component, a solvent, and a conductive polymer component, a step of impregnating the capacitor element precursor with a liquid component after the step of impregnating the capacitor element precursor with the treatment liquid, and a step of forming the capacitor element by eluting the acid component into the liquid component.

A method for producing an electrolytic capacitor, the electrolytic capacitor including a capacitor element including an anode body and a cathode body each having a foil shape. The anode body includes a dielectric layer on a surface of the anode body. The method includes a step of forming a capacitor element precursor by winding or stacking a separator, the anode body, and the cathode body with the separator interposed between the anode body and the cathode body, a step of impregnating the capacitor element precursor with a treatment liquid containing a polyhydric alcohol, a solvent, and a conductive polymer component, a step of impregnating the capacitor element precursor with a liquid component after the step of impregnating the capacitor element precursor with the treatment liquid, and a step of forming the capacitor element by eluting the polyhydric alcohol into the liquid component.

Provided is a method of manufacturing an electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells, the method including: preparing a hydrogel membrane; immersing the hydrogel membrane in an electrolyzing solution containing iodine or iodide such that the hydrogel membrane is impregnated with iodide ions; and drying the hydrogel membrane.

The invention pertains to a process for the manufacture of a fluoropolymer film, to the fluoropolymer film obtainable therefrom and to use of said fluoropolymer film in electrochemical and photo-electrochemical devices.