The present invention provides a process for preparing a pre-treated low Dk-type glass fabric for constituting a circuit board, comprising pre-treating low Dk-type glass fabric with a pre-treating varnish having a Dk close to the Dk of the used low Dk-type glass fabric at different temperatures and having a small Df. The present invention further provides a bonding sheet and a circuit board prepared thereby. The circuit boards prepared by the preparation process of the present invention have a Dk having small differences in warp and weft directions, and can effectively solve the problem of signal propagation delay. The circuit boards have a small Df, so as to have a small signal loss. Meanwhile, the cured, partially-cured or uncured dry glue obtained after drying the solvent of the pre-treating varnish has similar dielectric properties at different temperatures to the used low Dk-type glass fabric, so that the circuit boards have a very small signal propagation delay at different temperatures.

The present disclosure relates to a process for obtaining and formulating functional silica particles and other materials with active ingredients/compounds for use in polymers, paints, mortars, ceramic, cement, textile, pharmaceutics, varnishes, paper, clays, cosmetics, sensors and effluents.

The present disclosure describes a functional particle for binding to a substrate comprising:

a granule comprising oxide or hydroxide of an element selected from the following list: silica, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper, silver, aluminum, gold, titanium, or mixtures thereof having a size between 90 nm-500 nm;

a binder comprising silane-based compounds which binds the outer granule to the substrate;

a functional compound/active compound bound to the surface of the granule, to the binder, or to both;

wherein the functional compound is at least one of the following compounds: anti-mosquito/repellent/anti-insect, fungicide, antimicrobial/bactericide, antimycotic, anti-fire, UV protectors, larvicides, hydrophobics, vitaminics, moisturizers, cosmetics, drugs, mechanical properties, magnetic properties enhancement, or mixtures thereof.

Disclosed are nanostructured materials that reflect light in selected spectra incorporated in dark colored textiles or substrates. In one aspect, a light reflecting material includes a textile exhibiting a dark color and formed of a plurality of fibers, and nanostructures arranged on the fibers and formed of a plurality of nanoparticles, the nanostructures having a dimension size of substantially less than ½of a visible light wavelength, in which the nanostructures reflect light from the textile or substrate in at least one of infrared, near-infrared, or red visible light spectra.

Disclosed are nanostructured materials that reflect light in selected spectra incorporated in dark colored textiles or substrates. In one aspect, a light reflecting material includes a textile exhibiting a dark color and formed of a plurality of fibers, and nanostructures arranged on the fibers and formed of a plurality of nanoparticles, the nanostructures having a dimension size of substantially less than ½of a visible light wavelength, in which the nanostructures reflect light from the textile or substrate in at least one of infrared, near-infrared, or red visible light spectra.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to coated substrates having, e.g., anti-viral properties, to articles including the coated substrates, and to processes for making such coated substrates and articles. In an embodiment, a coated substrate is provided. The coated substrate includes a substrate having a weight of about 120 g/m.sup.2 or less according to ASTM D3776, mineral oxide particles, iron oxide particles, or both, coupled to at least a portion of the substrate wherein the coated substrate has a breathing resistance (95 L/min, EN 149:2001) of about 6 mbar or less.

The invention relates to strand-shaped elements and polymer compositions used for preparing the strand-shaped elements. The strand-shaped elements comprise an inner structure and a halogen-free polymer composition surrounding the inner structure. The polymer composition includes a linear very low density polyethylene (VLDPE) composition and one or more polyolefin-elastomers. In addition, the polymer composition includes a flame retardant filler.

The invention relates to strand-shaped elements and polymer compositions used for preparing the strand-shaped elements. The strand-shaped elements comprise an inner structure and a halogen-free polymer composition surrounding the inner structure. The polymer composition includes a linear very low density polyethylene (VLDPE) composition and one or more polyolefin-elastomers. In addition, the polymer composition includes a flame retardant filler.

The present disclosure relates generally to flame retarding building materials and methods for making them. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to flame retarding building materials that have both flame retardant character and desirable water vapor permeability values. In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a flame retardant vapor retarding membranes comprising: a building material substrate sheet having a melt viscosity of about 1 Pa.Math.s to about 100,000 Pa.Math.s at about 300° C. at 1 rad/s; and a polymeric coating layer disposed on the building material substrate layer, wherein the coating layer has a melt viscosity of about 1 Pa.Math.s to about 100,000 Pa.Math.s at about 300° C. at 1 rad/s.

The present disclosure relates generally to flame retarding building materials and methods for making them. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to flame retarding building materials that have both flame retardant character and desirable water vapor permeability values. In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a flame retardant vapor retarding membranes comprising: a building material substrate sheet having a melt viscosity of about 1 Pa.Math.s to about 100,000 Pa.Math.s at about 300° C. at 1 rad/s; and a polymeric coating layer disposed on the building material substrate layer, wherein the coating layer has a melt viscosity of about 1 Pa.Math.s to about 100,000 Pa.Math.s at about 300° C. at 1 rad/s.

An object of the present invention is to provide an antiviral agent suitable for inactivating a non-enveloped virus, a composition containing thereof, an antiviral product, and a method for producing the same. The antiviral agent against a non-enveloped virus includes at least one selected from a group consisting of (A) a compound containing Al element, Mg element, and O element; (B) a compound containing an alkali metal element or an alkaline earth metal element, Si element, and O element; and (C) a hydroxide containing a divalent metal element.