The invention relates to a burner as well as to a waste gas treatment device for generating a flame for the combustion of process gas, especially of contaminants, in a combustion chamber, in each case having feed lines for a fuel gas and for an oxidizing agent so that they flow into a pre-mixing chamber, and having an ignition device for igniting the gas mixture contained in the pre-mixing chamber. According to the invention, a sensor for detecting and/or monitoring the flame is provided on the burner, especially at one end of the burner situated opposite from the pre-mixing chamber.

A two-stage combustor having as constituent parts: a partial oxidation reactor, which catalytically converts a hydrocarbon fuel and a first supply of oxidant into a gaseous partial oxidation product; and a deep oxidation reactor having a premixer plenum fluidly connected to a porous heat spreader, which converts the gaseous partial oxidation product to deep oxidation products. In one embodiment, the premixer plenum provides an empty space wherein combustion occurs in flame mode. In a second embodiment, the premixer plenum contains a high pore density foam matrix, absent catalyst, which facilitates holding a flameless combustion downstream within the porous heat spreader. In both embodiments heat produced during combustion is transmitted from the heat spreader to an associated heat acceptor, such as a heater head of a Stirling engine.

A process of partial oxidation is performed in a reactor which includes a reaction chamber and a burner assembly, wherein: the burner assembly has a single oxidant nozzle located within an fuel channel, said oxidant nozzle comprises a nozzle pipe and a nozzle outlet, the nozzle pipe and the fuel channel are arranged to produce a diffusion flame, the nozzle outlet has a shape with two or more elongate lobes projecting from a center of the nozzle pipe.

A furnace includes a perforated flame holder formed from an array of tiles. The perforated flame holder is stabilized by a support member extending between at least adjacent tiles. Elongated support members may be positioned to extend through each of the tiles in a respective column of the array of tiles.

A gas fired radiant emitter comprises a burner deck onto which premix gas is combusted when the emitter is in use; and a metal plate provided at the combustion side of the burner deck. The metal plate is provided to act as radiant screen when the emitter is in use. The metal plate is at least over part of its surface spaced from the burner deck. The metal plate comprises a plurality of elongated slots for passage through the metal plate of flue gas generated on the burner deck. The plurality of elongated slots comprise a first elongated slot. The first elongated slot has a first tangent along a position along the length of the first elongated slot. The plurality of elongated slots comprise a second elongated slot. The second elongated slot has a second tangent along a position along the length of the second elongated slot. The angle between the first tangent and the second tangent is between 45° and 135°.

A detoxification device has an inlet nozzle capable of reducing an amount of a deposit of an adhering metallic product and elongating a maintenance cycle and a detoxification device including the inlet nozzle. The inlet nozzle includes a portion adjacent to a combustor, that is cut (removed) in advance. Consequently, in the portion, an insulator made of a ceramic material is exposed. Since the ceramic material supplies a small number of electrons, even when the insulator is exposed to heat from the combustor to reach a high temperature, a reductive reaction is less likely to occur. Accordingly, even when a metallic exhaust gas is allowed to flow, the metallic exhaust gas is prevented from being precipitated as the metallic product and gradually deposited with time.

A combustion chamber with a jacket arranged around a principal axis of the combustion chamber, a ceramic tube that is arranged inside the jacket, wherein an intermediate layer is arranged between the jacket and the ceramic tube. The jacket is at least partially conical. The ceramic tube is under axial stress in the jacket along the principal axis. The ceramic tube is an assembly of multiple heat shield segments. The heat shield segments each have a hot side that is designed to come into contact with a hot medium, a cold side that is opposite the hot side and is oriented toward the jacket, and a circumferential rim between the hot side and the cold side. In the cold state, individual heat shield segments of a segment row have, on the rim, bearing surfaces that the adjoin the cold side and gaps that open toward the hot gas side.

Provided is a torch including a body having a first portion and a second portion angled relative to the first portion, a control knob at a top of the second portion for adjusting a flow of fuel through the torch, a trigger at a top of the first portion that is movable from an off position to an on position to at actuate an igniter, and a burn tube extending from an end of the second portion away from the first and second portions.

An immersion-type burner heater includes a heater protection tube that is installed so as to penetrate a furnace wall or an upper lid of the molten-metal holding furnace with the tip end thereof being closed; an inner cylindrical member arranged inside the tube so as to define a combustion flow passage S between the tube and itself with the tip end side thereof being open and the inside thereof serving as an exhaust gas flow passage; and a gas burner part supplying fuel gas and air to the combustion flow passage. A helically extending projecting part is provided on at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the member and the inner peripheral surface of the tube at a position that is closer to its tip end side than to the part penetrating the furnace wall or the upper lid.

The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for low-CO.sub.2 emission combustion of liquid fuel with a gas-assisted liquid fuel oxygen reactor. The system comprises an atomizer that sprays fuel and CO.sub.2 into an evaporation zone, where the fuel and CO.sub.2 is heated into a vaporized form. The system comprises a reaction zone that receives the vaporized fuel and CO.sub.2. The system includes an air vessel having an air stream, and a heating vessel adjacent to the air vessel that transfers heat to the air vessel. The system comprises an ion transport membrane in flow communication with the air vessel and reaction zone. The ion transport membrane receives O.sub.2 permeating from the air stream and transfers the O.sub.2 into the reaction zone resulting in combustion of fuel. The combustion produces heat and creates CO.sub.2 exhaust gases that are recirculated in the system limiting emission of CO.sub.2.