Provided are devices and methods for a rapid, non-perturbative and energy-efficient technique for pH sensing based on a flexible graphene electrode. This technique does not require the application of gate voltage or source-drain bias, and demonstrates fast pH-characterization with precision. The disclosed technology is suitable for in vivo monitoring of tumor-induced pH variation in tissues and detection of pH changes as required in a DNA sequencing system.

A gas concentration measurement device comprises: a transmission circuit and a transmission oscillator for transmitting first ultrasonic waves in a concentration measurement space and transmitting second ultrasonic waves, which continue temporally from the first ultrasonic waves in the concentration measurement space; a reception oscillator and a reception circuit for receiving the ultrasonic waves that have propagated through the concentration measurement space; and a propagation time measurement unit for determining, on the basis of the times at which the first ultrasonic waves and the second ultrasonic waves were transmitted and the times at which the first ultrasonic waves and the second ultrasonic waves were received, the time in which ultrasonic waves propagate through the concentration measurement space. The second ultrasonic waves have an opposite phase with respect to that of the first ultrasonic waves, and the amplitude of the second ultrasonic waves is greater than that of the first ultrasonic waves.

The present invention provides a composite oxide that can achieve a high low-temperature output characteristic, a method for manufacturing the same, and a positive electrode active material in which the generation of soluble lithium is suppressed and a problem of gelation is not caused during the paste preparation. A positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, including a lithium-metal composite oxide powder including a secondary particle configured by aggregating primary particles containing lithium, nickel, manganese, and cobalt, or a lithium-metal composite oxide powder including both the primary particles and the secondary particle. The secondary particle has a porous structure inside as a main inside structure, the slurry pH is 11.5 or less, the soluble lithium content rate is 0.5 [% by mass] or less, the specific surface area is 3.0 to 4.0 [m.sup.2/g], and the porosity is more than 50 to 80 [%].

[Problem] To provide a system for inference of a measurement target dynamic state, the system being capable of providing not only information as to whether a culture solution is aerobic or anaerobic, but also data for determining a culture operation and for optimizing various conditions of the culture solution. [Solution] A system for inference of a measurement target dynamic state, comprising: a reference electrode; a first working electrode; a second working electrode of which at least the material or surface treatment is different from the first working electrode; a third working electrode of which at least the material or surface treatment is different from the first working electrode and the second working electrode; and an information storage unit which receives first potential information relating to the redox potential between the reference electrode and the first working electrode, second potential information relating to the redox potential between the reference electrode and the second working electrode, and third potential information relating to the redox potential between the reference electrode and the third working electrode, and stores information including the first potential information, the second potential information, and the third potential information.

A sensor arrangement includes a storage chamber comprising an interior space, containing a liquid, with an opening, a reference terminal lead which contacts liquid and can be connected to a superordinate unit, and a sensor tube comprising a sensitive region for detecting a measured quantity of the measuring medium and a measuring terminal lead. The sensitive region can be electrically connected to the superordinate unit. The sensor tube can be moved from a first position into a second position. The sensitive region is located in the interior space of the storage chamber in a first position and outside the storage chamber in the second position. The storage chamber, the opening, and the sensor tube, in the first position, are configured such that the reference/storage/calibration liquid is prevented from escaping from the interior space, and, in the second position, configured such a liquid transport is formed.

A sensor arrangement includes a storage chamber comprising an interior space, containing a liquid, with an opening, a reference terminal lead which contacts liquid and can be connected to a superordinate unit, and a sensor tube comprising a sensitive region for detecting a measured quantity of the measuring medium and a measuring terminal lead. The sensitive region can be electrically connected to the superordinate unit. The sensor tube can be moved from a first position into a second position. The sensitive region is located in the interior space of the storage chamber in a first position and outside the storage chamber in the second position. The storage chamber, the opening, and the sensor tube, in the first position, are configured such that the reference/storage/calibration liquid is prevented from escaping from the interior space, and, in the second position, configured such a liquid transport is formed.

This invention relates to a handheld mobile device which can analyze and measure whole blood, serum, urine or analytes which contain target agents such as mycotoxin, aflatoxin or cholera etc. with a easy to use reusable cartridge consisting of a cartridge head and cartridge body. The cartridge comprises four syringes, one of which being detachable. A waste reservoir is integrated with the syringes.

This invention relates to a handheld mobile device which can analyze and measure whole blood, serum, urine or analytes which contain target agents such as mycotoxin, aflatoxin or cholera etc. with a easy to use reusable cartridge consisting of a cartridge head and cartridge body. The cartridge comprises four syringes, one of which being detachable. A waste reservoir is integrated with the syringes.

The present disclosure relates to a semiconductor apparatus and a potential measuring apparatus capable of preventing deterioration in signal characteristics due to parasitic capacitance caused by providing a configuration for realizing an electrode plating process when an electrode and an amplifier are provided on the same substrate. When a power source supplies a potential necessary for plating processing and a breaker reads a signal from liquid, and an amplifier amplifies and outputs the signal, the power source required for the plating processing is blocked with respect to the electrode. This is applicable to the potential measuring apparatus.

The present disclosure relates to a semiconductor apparatus and a potential measuring apparatus capable of preventing deterioration in signal characteristics due to parasitic capacitance caused by providing a configuration for realizing an electrode plating process when an electrode and an amplifier are provided on the same substrate. When a power source supplies a potential necessary for plating processing and a breaker reads a signal from liquid, and an amplifier amplifies and outputs the signal, the power source required for the plating processing is blocked with respect to the electrode. This is applicable to the potential measuring apparatus.