According to at least one aspect of the present disclosure, a reference half-cell for an electrochemical sensor for measuring a medium is disclosed. The reference half-cell includes a housing defining a chamber containing an electrolyte, the housing including a wall having an aperture therethrough, and an electrode disposed in the electrolyte in the chamber. The reference half-cell further includes a reference junction disposed in the aperture such that an interface between the reference junction and the housing wall is impermeable. The reference junction is electrically or ionically conductive and impermeable to the measured medium and the electrolyte, and the reference junction enables a constant potential at the electrode. An electrochemical sensor and oxidation-reduction potential sensor employing the reference junction are also disclosed.

Electrochemical sensing device (S) for measuring the content of ions in biological fluid samples (D) comprising two membrane half cells, a salt bridge (3) connecting them, means for bringing a biological fluid sample (D) in contact with the measuring cell, wherein the first and second membranes (11, 21) of the half-cells are selective to the same ions, the first volume (13) and second volume (23) adjacent to the membranes are filled with known concentrations (C1, C2) of the ions to which the membranes (11, 21) are selective, these known concentrations being different such that a voltage can be measured between the first electrode (12) and the second electrode (22) that allows calibrating the sensing device (S) and then measuring the ion-content of the sample. The invention also refers to a method using such sensing devices. The sensing devices are useful especially in the area of so-called home monitoring.

Electrochemical sensing device (S) for measuring the content of ions in biological fluid samples (D) comprising two membrane half cells, a salt bridge (3) connecting them, means for bringing a biological fluid sample (D) in contact with the measuring cell, wherein the first and second membranes (11, 21) of the half-cells are selective to the same ions, the first volume (13) and second volume (23) adjacent to the membranes are filled with known concentrations (C1, C2) of the ions to which the membranes (11, 21) are selective, these known concentrations being different such that a voltage can be measured between the first electrode (12) and the second electrode (22) that allows calibrating the sensing device (S) and then measuring the ion-content of the sample. The invention also refers to a method using such sensing devices. The sensing devices are useful especially in the area of so-called home monitoring.

A protective device is disclosed for electrochemical electrodes having a liquid junction, and a transport and retention system therefor. The protective device can include a casing which is configured as a hollow cylinder and which has a inner circumferential first protrusion; a delimiting device which together with the first protrusion delimits a first casing segment having a first inner diameter; a spacer, which is configured as a hollow cylinder having an outer diameter corresponding to the first inner diameter; and a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring between which the spacer is disposed; wherein the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the spacer are disposed in an interior of the first casing segment, so that the first sealing ring and the second seal ring delimit a first protection space for a liquid junction whose inner diameter corresponds to an inner diameter of the spacer.

A reference electrode is provided with an accommodation portion that is provided with a tube-shaped lead-out portion that can guide an accommodated internal liquid; a liquid junction portion that is connected to an end of the lead-out portion, and that allows the internal liquid to seep out; a liquid dripping portion that has a first end connected to the liquid junction portion, that has a second end that protrudes into the accommodation portion, and that guides the internal liquid to the liquid junction portion; and an internal electrode having at least a portion that is positioned further towards the first end side than the second end of the liquid dripping portion.

A reference electrode is provided with an accommodation portion that is provided with a tube-shaped lead-out portion that can guide an accommodated internal liquid; a liquid junction portion that is connected to an end of the lead-out portion, and that allows the internal liquid to seep out; a liquid dripping portion that has a first end connected to the liquid junction portion, that has a second end that protrudes into the accommodation portion, and that guides the internal liquid to the liquid junction portion; and an internal electrode having at least a portion that is positioned further towards the first end side than the second end of the liquid dripping portion.

There is provided a potentiometric electrode assembly comprising an ion-selective electrode, a reference electrode and a reference electrode electrolyte, the reference electrode having a diaphragm or an open-junction opening or a combination thereof which is provided with a protective coating detachable and/or dissolvable upon contact with aqueous solution.

An electrochemical gas sensor includes an electrolyte including at least one ionic liquid which includes an additive portion including at least one organic additive, at least one organometallic additive or at least one inorganic additive.

An electrochemical gas sensor includes an electrolyte including at least one ionic liquid which includes an additive portion including at least one organic additive, at least one organometallic additive or at least one inorganic additive.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods that relate to use of ultramicroelectrodes (UME) in measurement of ion concentration in presence of one or more organic compound(s).