A method for determining nitric oxide concentration in biological samples. The method includes for determining nitric oxide concentration in a sample including: (i) providing a nucleic acid complex comprising a first single-stranded nucleic acid molecule comprising a fluorophore crosslinked to the first strand, the fluorophore comprising diaminorhodamine-4-methylamine (DAR-4M) conjugated, to dibenzocyclooctyne-polyethylene glycol (DBCO-PEGn) linker, wherein n equals 4-12 and a second single-stranded nucleic acid molecule that is partially or fully complementary to the first single-stranded molecule, wherein the nucleic acid complex further comprises a first label and a targeting moiety conjugated to the first single-stranded nucleic acid molecule or the second single-stranded nucleic acid molecule, the first label is capable of producing a signal, wherein the intensity of the signal is dependent at least on concentration of the nucleic acid complex in the sample; (ii) contacting the sample with the nucleic acid complex; (iii) measuring the intensity of the signal: and (iii) determining the nitric oxide concentration from the measured signal. Compositions for determining nitric oxide concentrations in biological samples are also included.

The present invention aims to provide a method of acquiring data for determination of, and a method of acquiring prediction data on the presence of cancer cells and/or the resistance to anticancer drugs, use of a marker for determining thereof, and a kit for determining thereof, in particular, to determine the resistance to anticancer drugs before administration of the anticancer drugs to patients. The resistance of cancer tissues of cancer patients to anticancer drugs can be determined by detecting polysulfide, which is a marker for the resistance to anticancer drugs, in the cancer tissues of the cancer patients before administration of the anticancer drugs.

This invention provides a method and an immunochromatographic device that enable measurement with sufficient sensitivity by performing nitrous acid extraction over a sufficiently long period of time in an immunochromatographic method comprising extracting a sugar chain antigen with nitrous acid and measuring the extracted sugar chain antigen on an immunochromatographic test strip. Such immunochromatographic device comprises an immunochromatographic test strip for extracting and measuring a sugar chain antigen in a specimen and a cassette for accommodating the test strip, wherein the immunochromatographic test strip comprises a sample pad to which a specimen mixed with the nitrite or acid solution is added, a label region comprising a labeled antibody obtained by labeling an antibody against the sugar chain antigen, and a detection region on which the antibody against the sugar chain antigen is immobilized, an antibody-sugar chain antigen-labeled antibody complex is formed in the detection region to measure the sugar chain antigen, the immunochromatographic test strip has a region impregnated with a neutralizing reagent upstream of the label region and further has, upstream of the region impregnated with the neutralizing reagent, a region impregnated with a solid acid reagent when the specimen mixed with the nitrite is used or a region impregnated with the nitrite when the specimen mixed with the acid solution is used, and the immunochromatographic device comprises a specimen dropping port on top of a sample pad of the test strip. The immunochromatographic device has: (i) a wide specimen dropping port to promote sugar chain antigen extraction with a nitrite and a solid acid reagent by retaining the added specimen sample solution and supplying the specimen sample solution to the region impregnated with the solid acid reagent or the nitrite within a short period of time; and (ii) no gaps between the dropping port and the sample pad so as to prevent the sample from leaking from the dropping port.

The invention provides fluorogenic compounds and probes that can be used as reagents for measuring, detecting and/or screening superoxide. The fluorogenic compounds of the invention can produce fluorescence colors, such as green, yellow, red, or far-red. The invention further provides fluorogenic compounds for selectively staining superoxide in the mitochondria of living cells. The invention also provides methods that can be used to measure, directly or indirectly, the presence and/or amount of superoxide in chemical samples and biological samples such as cells and tissues in living organisms, and a high-throughput screening methods for detecting or screening superoxide or compounds that can increase or decease the level of superoxide in chemical and biological samples.

The invention provides fluorogenic compounds and probes that can be used as reagents for measuring, detecting and/or screening superoxide. The fluorogenic compounds of the invention can produce fluorescence colors, such as green, yellow, red, or far-red. The invention further provides fluorogenic compounds for selectively staining superoxide in the mitochondria of living cells. The invention also provides methods that can be used to measure, directly or indirectly, the presence and/or amount of superoxide in chemical samples and biological samples such as cells and tissues in living organisms, and a high-throughput screening methods for detecting or screening superoxide or compounds that can increase or decease the level of superoxide in chemical and biological samples.

The present invention relates to a novel endoprotease, mutants thereof having binding but lacking or having reduced hydrolyzing activity, and use in methods of studying and isolating O-linked glycoproteins.

The present invention relates to a novel endoprotease, mutants thereof having binding but lacking or having reduced hydrolyzing activity, and use in methods of studying and isolating O-linked glycoproteins.

The present disclosure relates to a kit and method for testing harmful heavy metals onsite, which can determine the presence or absence of harmful heavy metals and the degree of contamination with harmful heavy metals dissolved in water or contained in sediment, soil, deep-sea mining tailings and the like. The kit includes a receiving member and a diagnostic solution containing a biosurfactant, which is accommodated in the receiving member and undergoes an ion exchange reaction with a liquid including harmful heavy metals or a solid sample from which harmful heavy metals are leached in a liquid phase.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relates to devices and methods for determining, treating, and/or isolating cells of interest, e.g., within a mixture of cells. In some cases, the cells may be cells infected with viruses, such as coronaviruses. In some embodiments, blood samples (or other biological fluids, such as saliva) may be treated with a pH-sensitive entity. The pH-sensitive entity may be one that is able to change color or otherwise produce a signal in suitable internal environments. For example, cells infected by viruses, such as coronaviruses, may have differences in intracellular pH compared to other cells, which can be detected, for example, using pH-sensitive entities. In certain embodiments, the cells may be sorted based on such signaling entities; for example, illumination of cells in a suitable machine for sorting cells (e.g., using fluorescent light) may allow determination of the cells, which may also be recovered or isolated for further manipulation in some cases.

[Problem] To provide a method for acquisition of data able to serve as an index for determining the likelihood that an ovarian endometriosis cyst is cancerous. [Solution] This data acquisition method for determining the likelihood that an ovarian endometriosis cyst is cancerous includes an iron concentration measurement step for measuring the iron concentration in the cystic fluid of the ovarian endometriosis cyst. This diagnostic device for diagnosing the likelihood that an ovarian endometriosis cyst is cancerous is provided, at a minimum, with an iron concentration measurement unit for measuring the iron concentration in the cystic fluid of the ovarian endometriosis cyst.