A lens plate (10) for a rain and/or light sensor is proposed. The lens plate (10) has a base body (18), at least one light limitation structure (21), and at least one lens structure (28), the light limitation structure (21) extending into the base body (18) from a lower side (14) of the lens plate (10), a contour (27) of the light limitation structure (21) facing away from the lower side (14) of the lens plate (10) limiting the lens structure (28) circumferentially, and the contour (27) being substantially triangular. Furthermore, a rain and/or light sensor (8) is proposed.

Low power and/or low footprint optical communication technologies that support short to medium range exoatmospheric communications and provide bidirectional communication with nearly spherical coverage.

Disclosed are transparent energy relay waveguide systems for the superimposition of holographic opacity modulation states for holographic, light field, virtual, augmented and mixed reality applications. The light field system may comprise one or more energy waveguide relay systems with one or more energy modulation elements, each energy modulation element configured to modulate energy passing therethrough, whereby the energy passing therethrough may be directed according to 4D plenoptic functions or inverses thereof.

Disclosed are systems and methods for manufacturing energy relays for energy directing systems and Transverse Anderson Localization. Systems and methods include providing first and second component engineered structures with first and second sets of engineered properties and forming a medium using the first component engineered structure and the second component engineered structure. The forming step includes randomizing a first engineered property in a first orientation of the medium resulting in a first variability of that engineered property in that plane, and the values of the second engineered property allowing for a variation of the first engineered property in a second orientation of the medium, where the variation of the first engineered property in the second orientation is less than the variation of the first engineered property in the first orientation.

An illumination unit includes: at least one optoelectronic emitter unit which emits electromagnetic radiation via a light-emitting surface, and a photonic structure for beam shaping of the electromagnetic radiation before it exits via the light emitting surface, wherein the photonic structure shapes the electromagnetic radiation such that the electromagnetic radiation has a certain far field.

The present disclosure relates to optical systems and vehicles, which may incorporate lidar sensors. An example optical system includes a light-emitter device configured to emit emission light. The optical system also includes an optical element including a first surface and an opposing second surface. The first surface includes a diffusing surface configured to diffuse the emission light to form diffused light. The second surface includes a focusing surface. A combination of the first surface and the second surface are configured to provide an intensity profile of light emitted within a field of view of the optical system.

An illumination source apparatus (500), suitable for use in a metrology apparatus for the characterization of a structure on a substrate, the illumination source apparatus comprising: a high harmonic generation, HHG, medium (502); a pump radiation source (506) operable to emit a beam of pump radiation (508); and adjustable transformation optics (510) configured to adjustably transform the transverse spatial profile of the beam of pump radiation to produce a transformed beam (518) such that relative to the centre axis of the transformed beam, a central region of the transformed beam has substantially zero intensity and an outer region which is radially outwards from the centre axis of the transformed beam has a non-zero intensity, wherein the transformed beam is arranged to excite the HHG medium so as to generate high harmonic radiation (540), wherein the location of said outer region is dependent on an adjustment setting of the adjustable transformation optics.

An IR illuminator provides infrared radiation for a digital camera that includes a camera lens including a camera field of view; also including equidistant mounting substrates arranged adjacent to the digital camera with IR LEDs mounted to each mounting substrates and a cover lens positioned over the IR LEDs. The free-form cover lens shape facilitates an emitted radiation emission pattern but prevents visible light reflectivity into the camera lens such that the IR radiation emission pattern has an asymmetric field of view. Two IR illuminators near the camera are angled away from the camera optical direction. The cover lens may be a Fresnel lens, may include a diffractive layer or a collimator to shift radiation emitted from the LED towards an asymmetric distribution.

In some embodiments of SCAPE imaging systems, a Powell lens is used to expand light from a light source into a sheet of illumination light. An optical system sweeps the sheet of illumination light through a sample, and forms an image at an intermediate image plane from detected return light. A camera captures images of the intermediate image plane. In some embodiments of SCAPE imaging systems, an optical system sweeps the sheet of illumination light through a sample, and forms an image at an intermediate image plane from detected return light. A camera captures images of the intermediate image plane. In the latter embodiments, the optical system is deliberately misaligned with respect to a true alignment position so that a significant portion of light that would be lost at the true alignment position will arrive at the camera.

Disclosed herein is a display apparatus. The display apparatus includes a backlight unit configured to emit light, a display panel positioned in front of the backlight unit, and an optical film positioned in front of the display panel. The optical film includes a base layer positioned adjacent to the display panel, a first refractive layer positioned in front of the base layer and having a pattern including a first inclined portion totally reflecting some of light waves emitted from the backlight unit, and a second refractive layer positioned in front of the first refractive layer and having a lower refractive index than the first refractive layer.