An illuminator for a display panel includes a light source for providing a light beam and a lightguide coupled to the light source for receiving and propagating the light beam along the substrate. The lightguide includes an array of out-coupling gratings that runs parallel to the array of pixels for out-coupling portions of the light beam from the lightguide such that the out-coupled light beam portions propagate through the substrate and produce an array of optical power density peaks at the array of pixels due to Talbot effect. A period of the array of peaks is an integer multiple of a pitch of the array of pixels.

A spectroscopic assembly may include a spectrometer. The spectrometer may include an illumination source to generate a light to illuminate a sample. The spectrometer may include a sensor to obtain a spectroscopic measurement based on light, reflected by the sample, from the light illuminating the sample. The spectroscopic assembly may include a light pipe to transfer the light reflected from the sample. The light pipe may include a first opening to receive the spectrometer. The light pipe may include a second opening to receive the sample, such that the sample is enclosed by the light pipe and a base surface when the sample is received at the second opening. The light pipe may be associated with aligning the illumination source and the sensor with the sample.

A light source or projector for a near-eye display includes a light source subassembly optically coupled to a waveguide concentrator. The light source subassembly may include several semiconductor chips each hosting an array of emitters such s superluminescent light-emitting diodes. The semiconductor chips may be disposed side-by-side, with their emitting sides or facets coupled to the waveguide concentrator, which provides a tight array of output light ports on a common output plane of the concentrator. The output diverging beams at the array of output light ports are coupled to a collimator, which collimates the beams and couples them to an angular scanner for scanning the collimated light beams together across the field of view of the display.

An optical system (10) is disclosed comprising a light mixing rod (20) having an elongate body extending between a light entry window (22) and an opposing light exit window (24), a plurality of solid state lighting elements (30, 30′, 30″) arranged to couple their respective luminous outputs into the light mixing rod (20) through said light entry window (22), said respective luminous outputs including luminous outputs having different spectral compositions, respectively, and a lenslet plate (40) having an acceptance angle (ψ,ψ′) and comprising a first surface (41) comprising a first array of lenslets (42) and a second surface (43) opposing the first surface (41) comprising a second array of lenslets (44), each lenslet of the first array (42) being aligned with a corresponding lenslet of the second array (44), wherein the light mixing rod (20) has an aspect ratio such that some light rays (35) produced by the solid state lighting elements (30, 30′, 30″) are directly incident on said first surface (41), said directly incident light rays (35) having a maximum angle of incidence (Φ) on said first surface (41) not exceeding said acceptance angle. Also disclosed is a lighting device comprising such an optical system (10).

Energy systems are configured to direct energy according to a four-dimensional (4D) plenoptic function. In general, the energy systems include a plurality of energy devices, an energy relay system having one or more relay elements arranged to form a singular seamless energy surface, and an energy waveguide system such that energy can be relayed along energy propagation paths through the energy waveguide system to the singular seamless energy surface or from the singular seamless energy surface through the energy relay system to the plurality of energy devices.

Angularly homogenizing gradient index optical fiber having a refractive index profile that is non-quadratic to a degree sufficient to enhance precession of light as it is propagated through the fiber. Deviation from the quadratic may be limited to avoid profoundly changing the radial boundary within the fiber. Beam asymmetry, for example, associated with small aperture sources launched into a fiber off axis, may be made more symmetric as the beam is propagated through the homogenizing gradient index optical fiber. A refractive index profile may be manufactured to avoid a pure quadratic profile, or a fiber having a refractive index profile that is quadratic in only some orientations about the fiber axis may be twisted during draw to induce a refractive index profile path that enhances propagation precession.

A waveguide combiner includes an in-coupling area, a waveguide body and an out-coupling area. The in-coupling area is configured to introduce a light beam. The waveguide body is configured to guide the light beam introduced by the in-coupling area. The out-coupling area is configured to output the light beam guided by the waveguide body. The waveguide body includes at least one of a beam-expanding part configured to expand the light beam to a predetermined direction by reflecting the light beam and a beam-folding part configured to change the light beam to a different direction by reflecting the light beam.

A light guide optical device includes an optical path combiner including: a first deflector to deflect first light incident from a first direction to an emission direction; a second deflector to deflect second light incident from a second direction different from the first direction, to the emission direction; and a transmission portion between the first deflector and the second deflector, the transmission portion to transmit third light incident from a third direction different from each of the first direction and the second direction, to the emission direction. The optical path combining unit combines the first light, the second light, and the third light, and emits the combined light to the mission direction.

An optical device comprises two flat plates each having a reflective flat surface, and two flat spacer plates of thickness H each having a reflective sidewall. The flat plates and flat spacer plates are arranged as a stack with the reflective flat surfaces facing each other and the flat spacer plates arranged in a single plane and disposed between the two flat plates with the reflective sidewalls facing each other and with a gap between the two reflective sidewalls. The facing reflective flat surfaces and facing reflective sidewalls define a light tunnel passage with dimension H in the direction transverse to the single plane. The facing reflective sidewalls may be mutually parallel and spaced by a constant gap W to provide a light tunnel passage with constant cross-section H×W, or may be oriented at an angle to provide a tapered light tunnel passage.

Head-mountable devices can provide comfortable securement to a head of a user while also providing operative connections for communication across a hinge of the head-mountable device. The securement can be based on an arrangement of spring elements that have biased configurations and allow gentle retraction against a head of the user. Head-mountable devices of the present disclosure can provide adjustable securement against a head of a user by allowing custom fitting, for example with a tensioner.