A high-density bioprobe array is provided comprising conductive or optical shanks. A method of making high-density bioprobe arrays also is provided. A bioprobe system using the array also is provided.

The present invention provides a biosignal measuring and stimulating device having bioelectrodes in which a signal measurement unit (200) including bioelectrodes composed of a plurality of microelectrodes (210) is disposed on a substrate (100), wherein the signal measurement unit (200), a measured signal processing unit (300), and at least one of a driving power unit (400) and a wireless communication unit (500) are disposed on the substrate (100) in a vertical or lateral direction, and the biosignal measuring and stimulating device measures biosignals or stimulates from the microelectrodes formed in an array pattern.

A method for manufacturing a deep intracranial electrode, a bending-resistant deep intracranial electrode and an electroencephalograph is disclosed. The method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a support rod of the deep intracranial electrode with a shape memory alloy material, the shape memory alloy having a preset phase-transformation temperature; subjecting the support rod in a straight state to an annealing process such that the support rod memorizes a straight shape.

An electrode carrier system includes one or more electrode assemblies having an electrode body. One or more tubular members extend from the electrode body and define a lumen terminating in a distal opening. The electrode assemblies carry a reservoir containing a conductive fluid or gel. The reservoir is in fluid communication with the lumens in the tubular members, and the electrode assemblies are typically supported on a backing which may optionally be configured as a headband. Systems are for tracking patient movement may be used in combination with the electrode carrier system.

A sensor array includes a base for providing a probe signal and a plurality of modular recording sites. Each modular recording site of the plurality of modular recording sites is configured for receiving a signal, for converting the signal into a digital sensor signal and to provide the digital sensor signal to the base. The base is configured for receiving a plurality of digital sensor signals from the plurality of modular recording sites and to process the plurality of digital sensor signals so as to provide the probe signal.

Apparatus for use with an electroanatomical mapping system, an elongated needle assembly having a distal energy emitter configured to be detectable by the electroanatomical mapping system, an energy-delivery assembly having at least one sensor configured to receive, at least in part, the distal energy emitter of the elongated needle assembly in such a way that the distal energy emitter and said at least one sensor are movable relative to each other. The apparatus includes a signal-interface assembly. The signal-interface assembly includes a signal-input section configured to be signal connectable to said at least one sensor of the energy-delivery assembly. A signal-output section is configured to be signal connectable to an input section of the electroanatomical mapping system.

Apparatus for use with an electroanatomical mapping system, an elongated needle assembly having a distal energy emitter configured to be detectable by the electroanatomical mapping system, an energy-delivery assembly having at least one sensor configured to receive, at least in part, the distal energy emitter of the elongated needle assembly in such a way that the distal energy emitter and said at least one sensor are movable relative to each other. The apparatus includes a signal-interface assembly. The signal-interface assembly includes a signal-input section configured to be signal connectable to said at least one sensor of the energy-delivery assembly. A signal-output section is configured to be signal connectable to an input section of the electroanatomical mapping system.

Described herein are embodiments of methods and apparatus for diagnosing neuromuscular diseases using an impedance-EMG needle, and for generating electrical impedance images using an impedance needle. Some embodiments provide an apparatus including an impedance-EMG needle, including both EMG electrodes and impedance electrodes, to measure both active and passive electrical properties of muscle. Other embodiments provide an apparatus including an impedance needle, including a plurality of impedance electrodes to measure impedance in tissue surrounding the impedance needle to generate an electrical impedance image. Use of such methods and apparatus may be advantageous in improving the accuracy of assessing and diagnosing neuromuscular disease.

A method is described for determining biological tissue type based on a complex impedance spectra obtained from a probe with a conducting part adjacent a tissue region of interest, wherein the impedance spectra includes data from a number of frequencies. The method may include: obtaining, from the complex impedance spectra, a first data set representative of impedance modulus values, or equivalent admittance values, at one or more frequencies, obtaining, from the complex impedance spectra, a second data set representative of impedance phase angle values, or equivalent admittance values, at one or more different frequencies, applying a first discrimination criterion to the first data set, applying a second discrimination criterion to the second data set, and thereby determining if the tissue region of interest is a tissue type characterised by the discrimination criteria.

Disclosed herein are improved neural depth probes for detection and stimulation, along with various related improved components, devices, methods, and technologies. More specifically, the devices are layered depth electrodes with at least two layers, with each of the layers containing at least one thin-film trace disposed thereon. Each of the devices can also have a plurality of layers with at least two traces on each layer and contacts coupled to each trace.