A fully or partially implantable analyte sensor for continuously monitoring analyte concentration in a body fluid has a substrate with a first surface configured to face towards the body fluid. The sensor has a working electrode and an interferent electrode. The interferent electrode and the working electrode are electrically separated layers located adjacently on the first surface. The sensor has a further electrode, the further electrode being a counter electrode, a reference electrode or a counter/reference electrode. The working electrode and the interferent electrode each have a layer of a conductive material. The working electrode has an enzyme whereas the interferent electrode is devoid of enzyme. A method for producing the fully or partially implantable analyte sensor for continuously monitoring analyte concentration in a body fluid is also disclosed.

The present invention is directed to the production of stretchable wrinkled film electrodes for use in wearable/portable ROC systems using electrochemical analysis techniques. A polymer layer is disposed on a conductive substrate and a sacrificial layer is disposed on said polymer layer. An electrode shape template is cut out of adhesive and disposed on the sacrificial layer. A metallic film is disposed on the sacrificial layer by the electrode shape template. The disposed layers are removed from the conductive substrate and placed in an oven to allow said layers to shrink. The shrunken metallic film is treated with a solution to promote bonding between the film and an elastomer. The elastomer is drop-cast onto the shrunken film and the sacrificial layer is dissolved to detach the shrunken polymer layer. The shrunken film and elastomer are placed in a chemical bath and dried, producing the stretchable wrinkled film electrode.

The present invention is directed to the production of stretchable wrinkled film electrodes for use in wearable/portable ROC systems using electrochemical analysis techniques. A polymer layer is disposed on a conductive substrate and a sacrificial layer is disposed on said polymer layer. An electrode shape template is cut out of adhesive and disposed on the sacrificial layer. A metallic film is disposed on the sacrificial layer by the electrode shape template. The disposed layers are removed from the conductive substrate and placed in an oven to allow said layers to shrink. The shrunken metallic film is treated with a solution to promote bonding between the film and an elastomer. The elastomer is drop-cast onto the shrunken film and the sacrificial layer is dissolved to detach the shrunken polymer layer. The shrunken film and elastomer are placed in a chemical bath and dried, producing the stretchable wrinkled film electrode.

The invention relates to a microarray structure that may include a substrate material layer, a continuous three-dimensional (3D) surface layer on the substrate material layer that is capable of functionalisation for use as an array, and an inert material. The structure may include accurately defined and functionalisable isolated areas which are millimeter to nanometer in size. The functionalisable areas may be part of the continuous 3D surface layer and may be isolated by the inert material but interconnected within the structure by the continuous 3D surface layer.

A biosensor detector device is disclosed suitable for use in measuring membrane fluidity or membrane permeability. The biosensor detector device is formed of a solid substrate having a lipid bilayer compatible surface, a multi-lamellar lipid membrane structure derived from a biological cell and localized on the lipid bilayer compatible surface, an aqueous layer interposed between each lipid bilayer of the multi-lamellar lipid membrane structure. The biological membrane is derived from human red blood cells and localized on the lipid bilayer compatible surface. An electrode forming all or part of the lipid bilayer compatible surface may be used to detect disruptions in the multi-lamellar lipid membrane structure and hemolytic activity in a test sample.

Briefly, a sensor for a continuous biological monitor is provided for measuring the level of a target analyte for a patient. The sensor has a working wire and a reference wire, where the working wire has an analyte limiting layer that passes more than 1 in 1000 analyte molecules from the patient to the an enzyme layer. The enzyme layer has an enzyme entrapped in a polyurethane cross-linked with acrylic polyol. As free electrons are generated, a conductor transfers the electrons to the biological monitor. In some cases, the sensor may be constructed without the use of any expensive platinum.

The subject invention provides materials and methods for single-step fluorescence and electrochemical detection of small molecules, e.g., fentanyl and its analogs, in a sample. The subjection invention provides nucleic acids materials, e.g., aptamers (nucleic acid oligonucleotides) that can bind to fentanyl and its analogs with nanomolar affinity and high specificity against illicit drugs, adulterants, and cutting agents commonly existing in seized samples. The method for detecting fentanyl and/or its analogs in a sample comprises contacting the sample with an aptamer-based sensor selective for fentanyl and its analogs, and sensitively, specifically, and rapidly detecting fentanyl and/or its analogs in the sample.

Devices and methods for molecule detection using such devices are disclosed herein. A molecule detection device comprises at least one fluidic channel configured to receive molecules to be detected, a sensor comprising a spin torque oscillator (STO) and encapsulated by a material separating the sensor from the at least one fluidic channel, and detection circuitry coupled to the sensor. At least some of the molecules to be detected are labeled by magnetic nanoparticles (HNPs). A surface of the material provides binding sites for the molecules to be detected. The detection circuitry is configured to detect a frequency or frequency noise of a radio-frequency (RF) signal generated by the STO in response to presence or absence of at least one MNP coupled to one or more binding sites associated with the sensor.

The techniques relate to methods and apparatus for sensing an analyte. At least one sensor element is configured to sense an analyte, the at least one sensor element comprising a first portion and a second portion. A first current electrode is attached to the first portion and a second current electrode is attached to the second portion. A first measurement electrode is attached to the first portion and a second measurement electrode is attached to the second portion.

The invention relates to a method for sensing target molecules in an analyte solution, a sensor for sensing target molecules in an analyte solution and a measurement system for sensing target molecules in an analyte solution. The method comprises providing a capture surface, wherein a plurality of capture molecules are arranged on the capture surface, each of the capture molecules being configured to bind to at least one of said target molecules. The method further comprises exposing the capture surface to the analyte solution to allow target molecules to bind to the capture molecules arranged on the capture surface. The capture surface is then exposed to a solution containing detection molecules, wherein each of the detection molecules contains an electrochemically active nanoparticle and is configured to bind to one of said target molecules bound to a capture molecule, thereby allowing said electrochemically active nanoparticles to bind to the capture surface through formation of a bond between the respective detection molecule comprising said nanoparticle and one of said target molecules bound to one of said capture molecules arranged on the capture surface. The method further comprises releasing nanoparticles that are bound to the capture surface and, after releasing said nanoparticles from the capture surface, determining an electrical signal at a detection electrode caused by electrochemical reactions of said nanoparticles released from the capture surface.