Optics collection and detection systems are provided for measuring optical signals from an array of optical sources over time. Methods of using the optics collection and detection systems are also described.

The disclosure relates to methods and devices for monitoring the concentration of a substance, preferably oxygen, in a cell or tissue, e.g., in cells of the human skin. In particular, it provides a method for determining the concentration of a quencher, such as oxygen and/or the concentration of a probe, e.g., a heme precursor such as protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), wherein the probe is capable of exhibiting luminescence (delayed fluorescence (DF) or phosphorescence) and or transient triplet absorption, preferably, deDF, in a living cell. The method comprises steps of exciting the probe, measuring the lifetime of the luminescence exhibited by said probe, herein, in the presence of the quencher, the lifetime is shortened as compared to the lifetime in the absence of the quencher, and correlating said lifetime with said concentration. The disclosed method leads to more precise results than conventional methods, because of adaptations based on the understanding of the influence of the concentration of the probe and its excitation fluence rate (intensity) on the analysis. For example, the simultaneous time-resolved detection of the probe excimer and monomer DF allows estimation of the probe concentration and compensation of the probe self-quenching effect in the quencher concentration calculation, increasing the measurement precision. Taking into account second order triplet interactions also permits the interpretation of non-exponential decays and further improvement of the quencher and probe concentration estimation. Disclosed methods rely, e.g., on measurement at different emission wavelengths and application of an adaptive Stern-Volmer relationship, the decay central fitting method and/or a mixed orders approach. Said method can be applied, e.g., for bedside monitoring of patients. Also disclosed is the use of the PpIX precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), or derivatives thereof, in this method, and a device suitable therefor.

The SACOS apparatus solves counterfeiting issues instantaneously and develops new security features in order to improve the role that international regulatory commissions, governments, and central banks play to effectively fight counterfeiting.

A method of quantifying the amount of glucose in a sample is provided herein that may further comprise an interferent such as mannitol. At least two measurements are obtained using measurement methods that differ in their sensitivity to the amount of interferent in the sample, thus enabling the results to be compared to determine whether any interferent is present in the sample. A glucose sensor for carrying out a method described herein is also provided.

A detection device for simultaneous in-situ measurement of dissolved oxygen at different submerged plant leaf-water interface levels. The detection device includes a dissolved oxygen micro-optrode host. A plurality of detection probes are externally connected to the dissolved oxygen micro-optrode host and can extend out probes. The detection device includes a leaf clamp having an upper clamping head, a lower clamping head, a hinged shaft and a clamping handle. Each of the upper and lower clamping head includes a plurality of water passing cavities penetrating through the back and the front thereof. Each of the upper and lower clamping head includes a plurality of slots horizontally extending inwardly of the corresponding clamping head. The detection device includes a plurality of insertion pieces having a probe groove. The detection probe is locatable in the respective probe groove for fixation. The insertion pieces are insertable and fixable in the slots.

The molecule detecting apparatus of an embodiment includes a light source 31, a fluorescent layer 42 emitting different fluorescence depending on the kind of a target molecule 60 captured when being irradiated with light from the light source 31, a photodetector 32 configured to detect fluorescence, and the photodetector 32 is an array of avalanche photodiodes operating in Geiger mode.

The present disclosure relates to an optochemical sensor element, comprising: a substrate layer having a first substrate side facing toward a measuring medium and a second substrate side opposite the first substrate side; a functional layer arranged on the first substrate side and is subdivided into functional segments separate from one another, wherein a first functional segment has a second reference dye and a second functional segment has an indicator dye, wherein the second reference dye comprises an organic material and is insensitive to oxygen, and is suitable to emit a second luminescence signal upon stimulation with a first stimulation signal, wherein the indicator dye comprises an organic material and is sensitive to oxygen, and is suitable to emit a third luminescence signal upon stimulation with the first stimulation signal, wherein the substrate layer is transparent to the stimulation signal and to the second and third luminescence signals.

The present disclosure relates to an optical measurement probe for the detection of measurement values correlating with a measurand of a measuring medium, including a probe housing having at least one immersion region structured to be immersed in the measuring medium, a radiation source arranged in the probe housing, a radiation receiver arranged in the probe housing, and an indicator chamber formed in the probe housing and sealed via a membrane arranged in the immersion region of the probe housing, wherein an indicator is contained in the indicator chamber, the indicator including an AIE-active substance dissolved in an indicator solution or in an indicator gel, which AIE-active substance is a substance formed from species, molecules, complexes or clusters whose luminescence efficiency is increased via formation of aggregates containing the species.

Multifunctional dendritic molecular probes that selectively detect Cu.sup.2+ ions via potentiometric and fluorometric techniques with low detection limits are disclosed. The selective and reversible binding of the molecules with the Cu.sup.2+ ion was used to make solid-state microsensors by incorporating the molecular probes into the carbon-based membranes as an ionophore for Cu (II).

An OH radical detection probe (102) includes an aromatic carboxylic acid, a polar aprotic organic solvent, and a polar protic organic solvent.