A system comprising a protein and a channel. The channel has a domain that binds a membranal component. The channel is configured to carry a liquid sample to an isotachophoresis (ITP) apparatus. The liquid sample comprising or suspected of comprising a cell, a cell membrane or a fraction of a cell membrane. The ITP apparatus comprises a first zone and a second zone. The first zone is configured to contain a solution of high effective mobility leading electrolyte (LE) ion. The second zone is configured to contain a solution of low effective mobility trailing electrolyte (TE) ion. The first zone and the second zone are configured to be operably connected to at least one anode and at least one cathode.

The present invention provides a system including: a protein having a domain that binds a membranal component; an inlet for sample flow, an Isotachophoresis (ITP) system and a flow generating means connected or coupled to the aqueous parts of the ITP. The invention also provides a method for detecting and or sorting cells with this system.

Provided is a device comprising an upper chamber, a middle chamber and a lower chamber, wherein the upper chamber is in communication with the middle chamber through a first pore, and the middle chamber is in communication with the lower chamber through a second pore, wherein the first pore and second pore are about 1 nm to about 100 nm in diameter, and are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein each of the chambers comprises an electrode for connecting to a power supply. Methods of using the device are also provided, in particular for sequencing a polynucleotide.

Provided are systems and methods for accurate size determination of nanoparticles and nanobubbles, comprising detecting multiple repeated translocations of a captured nanoparticle or nanobubble across the sensing zone of a conical nanopore in fluid communication with a fluid comprising nanoparticles or nanobubbles.

Provided is the processing of sample fluids containing one or more analytes of interest and to methods and devices for separating and/or purifying components of a sample fluid using electric and hydrodynamic forces. Though the fluid processing systems and methods are generally described herein as applied to microfluidics, it will be appreciated that the fluid processing systems may process any fluid volume suitable for use in embodiments described herein. Y-shaped and multiple-branched shaped 2-D EFD devices have been used to separate and/or purify one or more analytes from a mixture. Systems and methods in accordance with various aspects of the present teachings utilize hydrodynamic pressure (e.g., using a pump) to drive the sample liquid from the sample inlet to the separation stream, and can, in some aspects, provide improved control of the movement of the analytes, improved processing times, and decreased buffer depletion.

An isotachophoresis (ITP) apparatus, a kit comprising same and method of use thereof for the detection and/or separation of analytes of interest.

A method for sequence-specifically detecting a nucleic acid molecule. The method requires: a) contacting in an absence of an electric field, a mixture of nucleic acid molecules with a base pairing hybridizing molecule (BPHM) having a sequence of interest in a first solution and obtaining a hybrid consisting the nucleic acid molecule and the BPHM; b) introducing the first solution from step (a) into an ITP system, the ITP system comprises a second solution of high effective mobility leading electrolyte (LE) ions and a third solution of low effective mobility trailing electrolyte (TE); and c) applying the electric field across the second solution and the third solution. The hybrid focus at the sharp LE-TE interface in the ITP system. The TE has a higher mobility than the BPHM and the TE has a lower mobility than the hybrid. Sequence-specifically the detecting nucleic acid molecule by a signal from a label.

The present invention provides a system including: a protein having a domain that binds a membranal component; an inlet for sample flow, an Isotachophoresis (ITP) system and a flow generating means connected or coupled to the aqueous parts of the ITP. The invention also provides a method for detecting and or sorting cells with this system.

The present invention provides a system including: a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) molecule; a DNA molecule, an RNA molecule, or a combination thereof; and an Isotachophoresis (ITP) system. Furthermore, the invention provides a method for sequence-specifically separating and/or identifying a nucleic acid molecule of interest by utilizing the system of the invention to separate and possibly label and/or detect a nucleic acid molecule of interest.

A paper-based micro fluidic device suitable for electrokinetics and particularly isotachophoresis (ITP) and a kit comprising same is provided. Further, a method for the preparation of said paper-based micro fluidic device and a method of use thereof for the detection and/or separation of molecules of interest are provided.